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docs: add more info about custom serialize/revive (#24680)
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@ -440,7 +440,17 @@ Using `<script setup lang="ts">` is the recommended way of declaring Vue compone
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:read-more{to="/docs/api/utils/define-nuxt-component"}
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## Serialization
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## Serializing Data From Server to Client
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When using `useAsyncData` and `useLazyAsyncData` to transfer data fetched on server to the client (as well as anything else that utilizes [the Nuxt payload](/docs/api/composables/use-nuxt-app#payload)), the payload is serialized with [`devalue`](https://github.com/Rich-Harris/devalue). This allows us to transfer not just basic JSON but also to serialize and revive/deserialize more advanced kinds of data, such as regular expressions, Dates, Map and Set, `ref`, `reactive`, `shallowRef`, `shallowReactive` and `NuxtError` - and more.
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It is also possible to define your own serializer/deserializer for types that are not supported by Nuxt. You can read more in the [`useNuxtApp`](/docs/api/composables/use-nuxt-app#payload) docs.
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::callout
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Note that this _does not apply_ to data passed from your server routes when fetched with `$fetch` or `useFetch` - see the next section for more information.
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::
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## Serializing Data From API Routes
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When fetching data from the `server` directory, the response is serialized using `JSON.stringify`. However, since serialization is limited to only JavaScript primitive types, Nuxt does its best to convert the return type of `$fetch` and [`useFetch`](/docs/api/composables/use-fetch) to match the actual value.
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@ -126,16 +126,25 @@ Nuxt exposes the following properties through `ssrContext`:
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It is also possible to use more advanced types, such as `ref`, `reactive`, `shallowRef`, `shallowReactive` and `NuxtError`.
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You can also add your own types, with a special plugin helper:
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Since [Nuxt v3.4](https://nuxt.com/blog/v3-4#payload-enhancements), it is possible to define your own serializer/deserializer for types that are not supported by Nuxt.
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```ts [plugins/custom-payload.ts]
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/**
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* This kind of plugin runs very early in the Nuxt lifecycle, before we revive the payload.
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* You will not have access to the router or other Nuxt-injected properties.
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*/
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In the example below, we define a serializer for the [Luxon](https://moment.github.io/luxon/#/) DateTime class.
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```ts [plugins/date-time-payload.ts]
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/**
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* This kind of plugin runs very early in the Nuxt lifecycle, before we revive the payload.
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* You will not have access to the router or other Nuxt-injected properties.
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*
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* Note that the "DateTime" string is the type identifier and must
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* be the same on both the reducer and the reviver.
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*/
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export default definePayloadPlugin((nuxtApp) => {
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definePayloadReducer('BlinkingText', data => data === '<blink>' && '_')
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definePayloadReviver('BlinkingText', () => '<blink>')
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definePayloadReducer('DateTime', (value) => {
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return value instanceof DateTime && value.toJSON()
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})
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definePayloadReviver('DateTime', (value) => {
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return DateTime.fromISO(value)
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})
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})
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```
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