Merge branch 'nuxt:main' into main

.github/workflows/autofix-docs.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:

.github/workflows/autofix.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:

.github/workflows/benchmark.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:

.github/workflows/changelog.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: corepack enable

.github/workflows/check-links.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: cache-lychee-
 
       # check links with Lychee
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
 
       - name: Lychee link checker
         uses: lycheeverse/lychee-action@25a231001d1723960a301b7d4c82884dc7ef857d # for v1.8.0

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
       - build
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
         run: pnpm install
 
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@2e230e8fe0ad3a14a340ad0815ddb96d599d2aff # v3.25.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@23acc5c183826b7a8a97bce3cecc52db901f8251 # v3.25.10
         with:
           languages: javascript
           queries: +security-and-quality
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
           path: packages
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@2e230e8fe0ad3a14a340ad0815ddb96d599d2aff # v3.25.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@23acc5c183826b7a8a97bce3cecc52db901f8251 # v3.25.10
         with:
           category: "/language:javascript"
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
         module: ["bundler", "node"]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 10
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ jobs:
     needs:
       - build
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 15
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ jobs:
           TEST_PAYLOAD: ${{ matrix.payload }}
           SKIP_BUNDLE_SIZE: ${{ github.event_name != 'push' || matrix.env == 'dev' || matrix.builder == 'webpack' || matrix.context == 'default' || matrix.payload == 'js' || runner.os == 'Windows' }}
 
-      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@125fc84a9a348dbcf27191600683ec096ec9021c # v4.4.1
+      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673 # v4.5.0
         if: github.event_name != 'push' && matrix.env == 'built' && matrix.builder == 'vite' && matrix.context == 'default' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' && matrix.manifest == 'manifest-on'
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: corepack enable
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 20
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: corepack enable

.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
-        uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - name: 'Dependency Review'
         uses: actions/dependency-review-action@72eb03d02c7872a771aacd928f3123ac62ad6d3a # v4.3.3

.github/workflows/docs.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - run: corepack enable
       - uses: actions/setup-node@60edb5dd545a775178f52524783378180af0d1f8 # v4.0.2
         with:

.github/workflows/introspect.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       # From https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint/blob/main/docs/usage.md#use-actionlint-on-github-actions
       - name: Check workflow files
         run: |

.github/workflows/release-pr.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.issue.pull_request.head.sha }}
           fetch-depth: 0

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: corepack enable

.github/workflows/reproduire.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
   reproduire:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
       - uses: Hebilicious/reproduire@4b686ae9cbb72dad60f001d278b6e3b2ce40a9ac # v0.0.9-mp
         with:
           label: needs reproduction

.github/workflows/scorecards.yml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29 # v4.1.6
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@2e230e8fe0ad3a14a340ad0815ddb96d599d2aff # v3.25.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@23acc5c183826b7a8a97bce3cecc52db901f8251 # v3.25.10
         if: github.repository == 'nuxt/nuxt' && success()
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

docs/1.getting-started/12.upgrade.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ To use the latest Nuxt build and test features before their release, read about
 
 Nuxt 4 is planned to be released **on or before June 14** (though obviously this is dependent on having enough time after Nitro's major release to be properly tested in the community, so be aware that this is not an exact date).
 
-Until then, it is possible to test many of Nuxt 4's breaking changes on the nightly release channel.
+Until then, it is possible to test many of Nuxt 4's breaking changes from Nuxt version 3.12 or via the nightly release channel.
 
 ::tip{icon="i-ph-video-duotone" to="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4wFKlcJK6c" target="_blank"}
 Watch a video from Alexander Lichter showing how to opt in to Nuxt 4's breaking changes already.

docs/2.guide/3.going-further/1.features.md

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ There is also a `future` namespace for early opting-in to new features that will
 ### compatibilityVersion
 
 ::important
-This configuration option is available in Nuxt v3.12+ or in [the nightly release channel](/docs/guide/going-further/nightly-release-channel).
+This configuration option is available in Nuxt v3.12+.
 ::
 
 This enables early access to Nuxt features or flags.

docs/3.api/1.components/12.nuxt-route-announcer.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ links:
 ---
 
 ::important
-This component will be available in Nuxt v3.12 or in [the nightly release channel](/docs/guide/going-further/nightly-release-channel).
+This component is available in Nuxt v3.12+.
 ::
 
 ## Usage

docs/3.api/2.composables/on-prehydrate.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ links:
 ---
 
 ::important
-This composable will be available in Nuxt v3.12+ or in [the nightly release channel](/docs/guide/going-further/nightly-release-channel).
+This composable is available in Nuxt v3.12+.
 ::
 
 `onPrehydrate` is a composable lifecycle hook that allows you to run a callback on the client immediately before

docs/3.api/2.composables/use-route-announcer.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ links:
 ---
 
 ::important
-This composable will be available in Nuxt v3.12 or in [the nightly release channel](/docs/guide/going-further/nightly-release-channel).
+This composable is available in Nuxt v3.12+.
 ::
 
 ## Description

docs/6.bridge/6.meta.md

@@ -98,6 +98,10 @@ export default defineNuxtComponent({
 </script>
 ```
 
+::warning
+Possible breaking change: `head` receives the nuxt app but cannot access the component instance. If the code in your `head` tries to access the data object through `this` or `this.$data`, you will need to migrate to the `useHead` composable.
+::
+
 ## Title Template
 
 If you want to use a function (for full control), then this cannot be set in your nuxt.config, and it is recommended instead to set it within your `/layouts` directory.

package.json

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     "magic-string": "^0.30.10",
     "nuxt": "workspace:*",
     "rollup": "^4.18.0",
-    "vite": "5.2.13",
+    "vite": "5.3.0",
     "vue": "3.4.27"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     "@types/fs-extra": "11.0.4",
     "@types/node": "20.14.2",
     "@types/semver": "7.5.8",
-    "@unhead/schema": "1.9.12",
+    "@unhead/schema": "1.9.13",
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.4",
     "@vitest/coverage-v8": "1.6.0",
     "@vue/test-utils": "2.4.6",
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
     "devalue": "5.0.0",
     "eslint": "9.4.0",
     "eslint-plugin-no-only-tests": "3.1.0",
-    "eslint-plugin-perfectionist": "2.10.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-perfectionist": "2.11.0",
     "eslint-typegen": "0.2.4",
     "execa": "9.2.0",
     "fs-extra": "11.2.0",
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
     "jiti": "1.21.6",
     "markdownlint-cli": "0.41.0",
     "nitropack": "2.9.6",
-    "nuxi": "3.11.1",
+    "nuxi": "3.12.0",
     "nuxt": "workspace:*",
     "nuxt-content-twoslash": "0.0.10",
     "ofetch": "1.3.4",

packages/kit/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@nuxt/kit",
-  "version": "3.11.2",
+  "version": "3.12.1",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git",
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@nuxt/schema": "workspace:*",
-    "c12": "^1.10.0",
+    "c12": "^1.11.1",
     "consola": "^3.2.3",
     "defu": "^6.1.4",
     "destr": "^2.0.3",
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
     "lodash-es": "4.17.21",
     "nitropack": "2.9.6",
     "unbuild": "latest",
-    "vite": "5.2.13",
+    "vite": "5.3.0",
     "vitest": "1.6.0",
-    "webpack": "5.91.0"
+    "webpack": "5.92.0"
   },
   "engines": {
     "node": "^14.18.0 || >=16.10.0"

packages/kit/src/internal/cjs.ts

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ function getRequireCacheItem (id: string) {
   }
 }
 
-export function getModulePaths (paths?: string[] | string) {
+export function getNodeModulesPaths (paths?: string[] | string) {
   return ([] as Array<string | undefined>).concat(
     global.__NUXT_PREPATHS__,
     paths || [],
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export function getModulePaths (paths?: string[] | string) {
 /** @deprecated Do not use CJS utils */
 export function resolveModule (id: string, opts: ResolveModuleOptions = {}) {
   return normalize(_require.resolve(id, {
-    paths: getModulePaths(opts.paths),
+    paths: getNodeModulesPaths(opts.paths),
   }))
 }
 

packages/kit/src/internal/template.ts

@@ -32,10 +32,11 @@ const serialize = (data: any) => JSON.stringify(data, null, 2).replace(/"\{(.+)\
 /** @deprecated */
 const importSources = (sources: string | string[], { lazy = false } = {}) => {
   return toArray(sources).map((src) => {
+    const safeVariableName = genSafeVariableName(src)
     if (lazy) {
-      return `const ${genSafeVariableName(src)} = ${genDynamicImport(src, { comment: `webpackChunkName: ${JSON.stringify(src)}` })}`
+      return `const ${safeVariableName} = ${genDynamicImport(src, { comment: `webpackChunkName: ${JSON.stringify(src)}` })}`
     }
-    return genImport(src, genSafeVariableName(src))
+    return genImport(src, safeVariableName)
   }).join('\n')
 }
 

packages/kit/src/loader/config.ts

@@ -7,10 +7,17 @@ import { NuxtConfigSchema } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import { globby } from 'globby'
 import defu from 'defu'
 
-export interface LoadNuxtConfigOptions extends LoadConfigOptions<NuxtConfig> {}
+export interface LoadNuxtConfigOptions extends Omit<LoadConfigOptions<NuxtConfig>, 'overrides'> {
+  overrides?: Exclude<LoadConfigOptions<NuxtConfig>['overrides'], Promise<any> | Function>
+}
 
 const layerSchemaKeys = ['future', 'srcDir', 'rootDir', 'dir']
-const layerSchema = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(NuxtConfigSchema).filter(([key]) => layerSchemaKeys.includes(key)))
+const layerSchema = Object.create(null)
+for (const key of layerSchemaKeys) {
+  if (key in NuxtConfigSchema) {
+    layerSchema[key] = NuxtConfigSchema[key]
+  }
+}
 
 export async function loadNuxtConfig (opts: LoadNuxtConfigOptions): Promise<NuxtOptions> {
   // Automatically detect and import layers from `~~/layers/` directory
@@ -40,10 +47,15 @@ export async function loadNuxtConfig (opts: LoadNuxtConfigOptions): Promise<Nuxt
   nuxtConfig._nuxtConfigFiles = [configFile]
 
   const _layers: ConfigLayer<NuxtConfig, ConfigLayerMeta>[] = []
+  const processedLayers = new Set<string>()
   for (const layer of layers) {
     // Resolve `rootDir` & `srcDir` of layers
     layer.config = layer.config || {}
-    layer.config.rootDir = layer.config.rootDir ?? layer.cwd
+    layer.config.rootDir = layer.config.rootDir ?? layer.cwd!
+
+    // Only process/resolve layers once
+    if (processedLayers.has(layer.config.rootDir)) { continue }
+    processedLayers.add(layer.config.rootDir)
 
     // Normalise layer directories
     layer.config = await applyDefaults(layerSchema, layer.config as NuxtConfig & Record<string, JSValue>) as unknown as NuxtConfig

packages/kit/src/module/compatibility.ts

@@ -51,11 +51,10 @@ export async function getNuxtModuleVersion (module: string | NuxtModule, nuxt: N
   // need a name from here
   if (!moduleMeta.name) { return false }
   // maybe the version got attached within the installed module instance?
-  const version = nuxt.options._installedModules
+  for (const m of nuxt.options._installedModules) {
-    // @ts-expect-error _installedModules is not typed
+    if (m.meta.name === moduleMeta.name && m.meta.version) {
-    .filter(m => m.meta.name === moduleMeta.name).map(m => m.meta.version)?.[0]
+      return m.meta.version
-  if (version) {
+    }
-    return version
   }
   // it's possible that the module will be installed, it just hasn't been done yet, preemptively load the instance
   if (hasNuxtModule(moduleMeta.name)) {

packages/kit/src/pages.ts

@@ -51,11 +51,12 @@ export function addRouteMiddleware (input: NuxtMiddleware | NuxtMiddleware[], op
     for (const middleware of middlewares) {
       const find = app.middleware.findIndex(item => item.name === middleware.name)
       if (find >= 0) {
-        if (app.middleware[find].path === middleware.path) { continue }
+        const foundPath = app.middleware[find].path
+        if (foundPath === middleware.path) { continue }
         if (options.override === true) {
           app.middleware[find] = { ...middleware }
         } else {
-          logger.warn(`'${middleware.name}' middleware already exists at '${app.middleware[find].path}'. You can set \`override: true\` to replace it.`)
+          logger.warn(`'${middleware.name}' middleware already exists at '${foundPath}'. You can set \`override: true\` to replace it.`)
         }
       } else {
         app.middleware.push({ ...middleware })

packages/kit/src/resolve.ts

@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ export function createResolver (base: string | URL): Resolver {
   }
 }
 
-export async function resolveNuxtModule (base: string, paths: string[]) {
+export async function resolveNuxtModule (base: string, paths: string[]): Promise<string[]> {
-  const resolved = []
+  const resolved: string[] = []
   const resolver = createResolver(base)
 
   for (const path of paths) {
@@ -209,6 +209,12 @@ function existsInVFS (path: string, nuxt = tryUseNuxt()) {
 }
 
 export async function resolveFiles (path: string, pattern: string | string[], opts: { followSymbolicLinks?: boolean } = {}) {
-  const files = await globby(pattern, { cwd: path, followSymbolicLinks: opts.followSymbolicLinks ?? true })
+  const files: string[] = []
-  return files.map(p => resolve(path, p)).filter(p => !isIgnored(p)).sort()
+  for (const file of await globby(pattern, { cwd: path, followSymbolicLinks: opts.followSymbolicLinks ?? true })) {
+    const p = resolve(path, file)
+    if (!isIgnored(p)) {
+      files.push(p)
+    }
+  }
+  return files.sort()
 }

packages/kit/src/template.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { readPackageJSON } from 'pkg-types'
 import { tryResolveModule } from './internal/esm'
 import { getDirectory } from './module/install'
 import { tryUseNuxt, useNuxt } from './context'
-import { getModulePaths } from './internal/cjs'
+import { getNodeModulesPaths } from './internal/cjs'
 import { resolveNuxtModule } from './resolve'
 
 /**
@@ -113,18 +113,55 @@ export async function updateTemplates (options?: { filter?: (template: ResolvedN
 }
 
 export async function _generateTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
-  const nodeModulePaths = getModulePaths(nuxt.options.modulesDir)
-
   const rootDirWithSlash = withTrailingSlash(nuxt.options.rootDir)
+  const relativeRootDir = relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.rootDir)
 
-  const modulePaths = await resolveNuxtModule(rootDirWithSlash,
+  const include = new Set<string>([
-    nuxt.options._installedModules
+    './nuxt.d.ts',
-      .filter(m => m.entryPath)
+    join(relativeRootDir, '.config/nuxt.*'),
-      .map(m => getDirectory(m.entryPath)),
+    join(relativeRootDir, '**/*'),
-  )
+  ])
+
+  if (nuxt.options.srcDir !== nuxt.options.rootDir) {
+    include.add(join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.srcDir), '**/*'))
+  }
+
+  if (nuxt.options.typescript.includeWorkspace && nuxt.options.workspaceDir !== nuxt.options.rootDir) {
+    include.add(join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.workspaceDir), '**/*'))
+  }
+
+  for (const layer of nuxt.options._layers) {
+    const srcOrCwd = layer.config.srcDir ?? layer.cwd
+    if (!srcOrCwd.startsWith(rootDirWithSlash) || srcOrCwd.includes('node_modules')) {
+      include.add(join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, srcOrCwd), '**/*'))
+    }
+  }
+
+  const exclude = new Set<string>([
+    // nitro generate output: https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/main/packages/nuxt/src/core/nitro.ts#L186
+    relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, resolve(nuxt.options.rootDir, 'dist')),
+  ])
+
+  for (const dir of nuxt.options.modulesDir) {
+    exclude.add(relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, dir))
+  }
+
+  const moduleEntryPaths: string[] = []
+  for (const m of nuxt.options._installedModules) {
+    if (m.entryPath) {
+      moduleEntryPaths.push(getDirectory(m.entryPath))
+    }
+  }
+
+  const modulePaths = await resolveNuxtModule(rootDirWithSlash, moduleEntryPaths)
+
+  for (const path of modulePaths) {
+    const relative = relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, path)
+    include.add(join(relative, 'runtime'))
+    exclude.add(join(relative, 'runtime/server'))
+  }
 
   const isV4 = nuxt.options.future?.compatibilityVersion === 4
-
   const hasTypescriptVersionWithModulePreserve = await readPackageJSON('typescript', { url: nuxt.options.modulesDir })
     .then(r => r?.version && gte(r.version, '5.4.0'))
     .catch(() => isV4)
@@ -168,23 +205,8 @@ export async function _generateTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
       noImplicitThis: true, /* enabled with `strict` */
       allowSyntheticDefaultImports: true,
     },
-    include: [
+    include: [...include],
-      './nuxt.d.ts',
+    exclude: [...exclude],
-      join(relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.rootDir), '.config/nuxt.*'),
-      join(relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.rootDir), '**/*'),
-      ...nuxt.options.srcDir !== nuxt.options.rootDir ? [join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.srcDir), '**/*')] : [],
-      ...nuxt.options._layers.map(layer => layer.config.srcDir ?? layer.cwd)
-        .filter(srcOrCwd => !srcOrCwd.startsWith(rootDirWithSlash) || srcOrCwd.includes('node_modules'))
-        .map(srcOrCwd => join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, srcOrCwd), '**/*')),
-      ...nuxt.options.typescript.includeWorkspace && nuxt.options.workspaceDir !== nuxt.options.rootDir ? [join(relative(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.workspaceDir), '**/*')] : [],
-      ...modulePaths.map(m => join(relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, m), 'runtime')),
-    ],
-    exclude: [
-      ...nuxt.options.modulesDir.map(m => relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, m)),
-      ...modulePaths.map(m => join(relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, m), 'runtime/server')),
-      // nitro generate output: https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/main/packages/nuxt/src/core/nitro.ts#L186
-      relativeWithDot(nuxt.options.buildDir, resolve(nuxt.options.rootDir, 'dist')),
-    ],
   } satisfies TSConfig)
 
   const aliases: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -195,7 +217,9 @@ export async function _generateTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
   // Exclude bridge alias types to support Volar
   const excludedAlias = [/^@vue\/.*$/]
 
-  const basePath = tsConfig.compilerOptions!.baseUrl ? resolve(nuxt.options.buildDir, tsConfig.compilerOptions!.baseUrl) : nuxt.options.buildDir
+  const basePath = tsConfig.compilerOptions!.baseUrl
+    ? resolve(nuxt.options.buildDir, tsConfig.compilerOptions!.baseUrl)
+    : nuxt.options.buildDir
 
   tsConfig.compilerOptions = tsConfig.compilerOptions || {}
   tsConfig.include = tsConfig.include || []
@@ -237,12 +261,13 @@ export async function _generateTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
     }
   }
 
-  const references: TSReference[] = await Promise.all([
+  const references: TSReference[] = []
-    ...nuxt.options.modules,
+  await Promise.all([...nuxt.options.modules, ...nuxt.options._modules].map(async (id) => {
-    ...nuxt.options._modules,
+    if (typeof id !== 'string') { return }
-  ]
+
-    .filter(f => typeof f === 'string')
+    const pkg = await readPackageJSON(id, { url: getNodeModulesPaths(nuxt.options.modulesDir) }).catch(() => null)
-    .map(async id => ({ types: (await readPackageJSON(id, { url: nodeModulePaths }).catch(() => null))?.name || id })))
+    references.push(({ types: pkg?.name || id }))
+  }))
 
   const declarations: string[] = []
 
@@ -302,7 +327,11 @@ export async function writeTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
 }
 
 function renderAttrs (obj: Record<string, string>) {
-  return Object.entries(obj).map(e => renderAttr(e[0], e[1])).join(' ')
+  const attrs: string[] = []
+  for (const key in obj) {
+    attrs.push(renderAttr(key, obj[key]))
+  }
+  return attrs.join(' ')
 }
 
 function renderAttr (key: string, value: string) {

packages/kit/test/generate-types.spec.ts

@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ describe('tsConfig generation', () => {
     }))
     expect(tsConfig.exclude).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       [
+        "../dist",
         "../modules/test/node_modules",
         "../modules/node_modules",
         "../node_modules/@some/module/node_modules",
         "../node_modules",
         "../../node_modules",
-        "../dist",
       ]
     `)
   })

packages/nuxt/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "nuxt",
-  "version": "3.11.2",
+  "version": "3.12.1",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git",
@@ -65,12 +65,12 @@
     "@nuxt/schema": "workspace:*",
     "@nuxt/telemetry": "^2.5.4",
     "@nuxt/vite-builder": "workspace:*",
-    "@unhead/dom": "^1.9.12",
+    "@unhead/dom": "^1.9.13",
-    "@unhead/ssr": "^1.9.12",
+    "@unhead/ssr": "^1.9.13",
-    "@unhead/vue": "^1.9.12",
+    "@unhead/vue": "^1.9.13",
     "@vue/shared": "^3.4.27",
     "acorn": "8.11.3",
-    "c12": "^1.10.0",
+    "c12": "^1.11.1",
     "chokidar": "^3.6.0",
     "cookie-es": "^1.1.0",
     "defu": "^6.1.4",
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
     "magic-string": "^0.30.10",
     "mlly": "^1.7.1",
     "nitropack": "^2.9.6",
-    "nuxi": "^3.11.1",
+    "nuxi": "^3.12.0",
     "nypm": "^0.3.8",
     "ofetch": "^1.3.4",
     "ohash": "^1.1.3",
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
     "vue-router": "^4.3.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@nuxt/scripts": "0.5.1",
     "@nuxt/ui-templates": "1.3.4",
     "@parcel/watcher": "2.4.1",
     "@types/estree": "1.0.5",
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.4",
     "@vue/compiler-sfc": "3.4.27",
     "unbuild": "latest",
-    "vite": "5.2.13",
+    "vite": "5.3.0",
     "vitest": "1.6.0"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {

packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-island.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Component, PropType } from 'vue'
+import type { Component, PropType, VNode } from 'vue'
 import { Fragment, Teleport, computed, createStaticVNode, createVNode, defineComponent, getCurrentInstance, h, nextTick, onMounted, ref, toRaw, watch, withMemo } from 'vue'
 import { debounce } from 'perfect-debounce'
 import { hash } from 'ohash'
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const getId = import.meta.client ? () => (id++).toString() : randomUUID
 const components = import.meta.client ? new Map<string, Component>() : undefined
 
 async function loadComponents (source = appBaseURL, paths: NuxtIslandResponse['components']) {
-  const promises = []
+  const promises: Array<Promise<void>> = []
 
   for (const component in paths) {
     if (!(components!.has(component))) {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ export default defineComponent({
 
         // should away be triggered ONE tick after re-rendering the static node
         withMemo([teleportKey.value], () => {
-          const teleports = []
+          const teleports: Array<VNode> = []
           // this is used to force trigger Teleport when vue makes the diff between old and new node
           const isKeyOdd = teleportKey.value === 0 || !!(teleportKey.value && !(teleportKey.value % 2))
 

packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-link.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type {
 } from 'vue'
 import { computed, defineComponent, h, inject, onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, provide, ref, resolveComponent } from 'vue'
 import type { RouteLocation, RouteLocationRaw, Router, RouterLink, RouterLinkProps, useLink } from '#vue-router'
-import { hasProtocol, joinURL, parseQuery, withTrailingSlash, withoutTrailingSlash } from 'ufo'
+import { hasProtocol, joinURL, parseQuery, withQuery, withTrailingSlash, withoutTrailingSlash } from 'ufo'
 import { preloadRouteComponents } from '../composables/preload'
 import { onNuxtReady } from '../composables/ready'
 import { navigateTo, useRouter } from '../composables/router'
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ export interface NuxtLinkProps extends Omit<RouterLinkProps, 'to'> {
  * @see https://nuxt.com/docs/api/components/nuxt-link
  */
 export interface NuxtLinkOptions extends
-  Pick<RouterLinkProps, 'activeClass' | 'exactActiveClass'>,
+  Partial<Pick<RouterLinkProps, 'activeClass' | 'exactActiveClass'>>,
-  Pick<NuxtLinkProps, 'prefetchedClass'> {
+  Partial<Pick<NuxtLinkProps, 'prefetchedClass'>> {
   /**
    * The name of the component.
    * @default "NuxtLink"
@@ -124,34 +124,17 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
     const router = useRouter()
     const config = useRuntimeConfig()
 
-    // Resolving `to` value from `to` and `href` props
+    const hasTarget = computed(() => !!props.target && props.target !== '_self')
-    const to: ComputedRef<string | RouteLocationRaw> = computed(() => {
-      checkPropConflicts(props, 'to', 'href')
-      const path = props.to || props.href || '' // Defaults to empty string (won't render any `href` attribute)
-      return resolveTrailingSlashBehavior(path, router.resolve)
-    })
 
     // Lazily check whether to.value has a protocol
-    const isAbsoluteUrl = computed(() => typeof to.value === 'string' && hasProtocol(to.value, { acceptRelative: true }))
+    const isAbsoluteUrl = computed(() => {
-
+      const path = props.to || props.href || ''
-    // Resolves `to` value if it's a route location object
+      return typeof path === 'string' && hasProtocol(path, { acceptRelative: true })
-    const href = computed(() => (typeof to.value === 'object'
+    })
-      ? router.resolve(to.value)?.href ?? null
-      : (to.value && !props.external && !isAbsoluteUrl.value)
-          ? resolveTrailingSlashBehavior(joinURL(config.app.baseURL, to.value), router.resolve) as string
-          : to.value
-    ))
 
     const builtinRouterLink = resolveComponent('RouterLink') as string | typeof RouterLink
     const useBuiltinLink = builtinRouterLink && typeof builtinRouterLink !== 'string' ? builtinRouterLink.useLink : undefined
 
-    const link = useBuiltinLink?.({
-      ...props,
-      to: to.value,
-    })
-
-    const hasTarget = computed(() => props.target && props.target !== '_self')
-
     // Resolving link type
     const isExternal = computed<boolean>(() => {
       // External prop is explicitly set
@@ -159,17 +142,40 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
         return true
       }
 
-      // When `target` prop is set, link is external
+      const path = props.to || props.href || ''
-      if (hasTarget.value) {
-        return true
-      }
 
       // When `to` is a route object then it's an internal link
-      if (typeof to.value === 'object') {
+      if (typeof path === 'object') {
         return false
       }
 
-      return to.value === '' || isAbsoluteUrl.value
+      return path === '' || isAbsoluteUrl.value
+    })
+
+    // Resolving `to` value from `to` and `href` props
+    const to: ComputedRef<RouteLocationRaw> = computed(() => {
+      checkPropConflicts(props, 'to', 'href')
+      const path = props.to || props.href || '' // Defaults to empty string (won't render any `href` attribute)
+      if (isExternal.value) { return path }
+      return resolveTrailingSlashBehavior(path, router.resolve)
+    })
+
+    const link = isExternal.value ? undefined : useBuiltinLink?.({ ...props, to })
+
+    // Resolves `to` value if it's a route location object
+    const href = computed(() => {
+      if (!to.value || isAbsoluteUrl.value) { return to.value as string }
+
+      if (isExternal.value) {
+        const path = typeof to.value === 'object' ? resolveRouteObject(to.value) : to.value
+        return resolveTrailingSlashBehavior(path, router.resolve /* will not be called */) as string
+      }
+
+      if (typeof to.value === 'object') {
+        return router.resolve(to.value)?.href ?? null
+      }
+
+      return resolveTrailingSlashBehavior(joinURL(config.app.baseURL, to.value), router.resolve /* will not be called */)
     })
 
     return {
@@ -183,10 +189,10 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
       isExactActive: link?.isExactActive ?? computed(() => to.value === router.currentRoute.value.path),
       route: link?.route ?? computed(() => router.resolve(to.value)),
       async navigate () {
-        await navigateTo(href.value, { replace: props.replace, external: props.external })
+        await navigateTo(href.value, { replace: props.replace, external: isExternal.value || hasTarget.value })
       },
     } satisfies ReturnType<typeof useLink> & {
-      to: ComputedRef<string | RouteLocationRaw>
+      to: ComputedRef<RouteLocationRaw>
       hasTarget: ComputedRef<boolean | null | undefined>
       isAbsoluteUrl: ComputedRef<boolean>
       isExternal: ComputedRef<boolean>
@@ -307,10 +313,12 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
                     unobserve?.()
                     unobserve = null
 
-                    const path = typeof to.value === 'string' ? to.value : router.resolve(to.value).fullPath
+                    const path = typeof to.value === 'string'
+                      ? to.value
+                      : isExternal.value ? resolveRouteObject(to.value) : router.resolve(to.value).fullPath
                     await Promise.all([
                       nuxtApp.hooks.callHook('link:prefetch', path).catch(() => {}),
-                      !isExternal.value && preloadRouteComponents(to.value as string, router).catch(() => {}),
+                      !isExternal.value && !hasTarget.value && preloadRouteComponents(to.value as string, router).catch(() => {}),
                     ])
                     prefetched.value = true
                   })
@@ -336,7 +344,7 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
       }
 
       return () => {
-        if (!isExternal.value) {
+        if (!isExternal.value && !hasTarget.value) {
           const routerLinkProps: RouterLinkProps & VNodeProps & AllowedComponentProps & AnchorHTMLAttributes = {
             ref: elRef,
             to: to.value,
@@ -408,7 +416,7 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
             },
             rel,
             target,
-            isExternal: isExternal.value,
+            isExternal: isExternal.value || hasTarget.value,
             isActive: false,
             isExactActive: false,
           })
@@ -487,3 +495,7 @@ function isSlowConnection () {
   if (cn && (cn.saveData || /2g/.test(cn.effectiveType))) { return true }
   return false
 }
+
+function resolveRouteObject (to: Exclude<RouteLocationRaw, string>) {
+  return withQuery(to.path || '', to.query || {}) + (to.hash ? '#' + to.hash : '')
+}

packages/nuxt/src/app/components/utils.ts

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export function vforToArray (source: any): any[] {
     if (import.meta.dev && !Number.isInteger(source)) {
       console.warn(`The v-for range expect an integer value but got ${source}.`)
     }
-    const array = []
+    const array: number[] = []
     for (let i = 0; i < source; i++) {
       array[i] = i
     }

packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/index.ts

@@ -37,3 +37,4 @@ export { reloadNuxtApp } from './chunk'
 export { useRequestURL } from './url'
 export { usePreviewMode } from './preview'
 export { useId } from './id'
+export { useRouteAnnouncer } from './route-announcer'

packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/payload.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { parse } from 'devalue'
 import { useHead } from '@unhead/vue'
 import { getCurrentInstance, onServerPrefetch } from 'vue'
 import { useNuxtApp, useRuntimeConfig } from '../nuxt'
+import type { NuxtPayload } from '../nuxt'
 
 import { useRoute } from './router'
 import { getAppManifest, getRouteRules } from './manifest'
@@ -95,11 +96,12 @@ export async function isPrerendered (url = useRoute().path) {
   return !!rules.prerender && !rules.redirect
 }
 
-let payloadCache: any = null
+let payloadCache: NuxtPayload | null = null
+
 /** @since 3.4.0 */
 export async function getNuxtClientPayload () {
   if (import.meta.server) {
-    return
+    return null
   }
   if (payloadCache) {
     return payloadCache
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ export async function getNuxtClientPayload () {
 
   const el = document.getElementById('__NUXT_DATA__')
   if (!el) {
-    return {}
+    return {} as Partial<NuxtPayload>
   }
 
   const inlineData = await parsePayload(el.textContent || '')

packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/ready.ts

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ export const onNuxtReady = (callback: () => any) => {
 
   const nuxtApp = useNuxtApp()
   if (nuxtApp.isHydrating) {
-    nuxtApp.hooks.hookOnce('app:suspense:resolve', () => { requestIdleCallback(callback) })
+    nuxtApp.hooks.hookOnce('app:suspense:resolve', () => { requestIdleCallback(() => callback()) })
   } else {
-    requestIdleCallback(callback)
+    requestIdleCallback(() => callback())
   }
 }

packages/nuxt/src/app/nuxt.ts

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export interface NuxtSSRContext extends SSRContext {
   /** whether we are rendering an SSR error */
   error?: boolean
   nuxt: _NuxtApp
-  payload: NuxtPayload
+  payload: Partial<NuxtPayload>
   head: VueHeadClient<MergeHead>
   /** This is used solely to render runtime config with SPA renderer. */
   config?: Pick<RuntimeConfig, 'public' | 'app'>
@@ -558,6 +558,7 @@ export function defineAppConfig<C extends AppConfigInput> (config: C): C {
 /**
  * Configure error getter on runtime secret property access that doesn't exist on the client side
  */
+const loggedKeys = new Set<string>()
 function wrappedConfig (runtimeConfig: Record<string, unknown>) {
   if (!import.meta.dev || import.meta.server) { return runtimeConfig }
   const keys = Object.keys(runtimeConfig).map(key => `\`${key}\``)
@@ -565,7 +566,10 @@ function wrappedConfig (runtimeConfig: Record<string, unknown>) {
   return new Proxy(runtimeConfig, {
     get (target, p, receiver) {
       if (typeof p === 'string' && p !== 'public' && !(p in target) && !p.startsWith('__v') /* vue check for reactivity, e.g. `__v_isRef` */) {
-        console.warn(`[nuxt] Could not access \`${p}\`. The only available runtime config keys on the client side are ${keys.join(', ')} and ${lastKey}. See \`https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config\` for more information.`)
+        if (!loggedKeys.has(p)) {
+          loggedKeys.add(p)
+          console.warn(`[nuxt] Could not access \`${p}\`. The only available runtime config keys on the client side are ${keys.join(', ')} and ${lastKey}. See https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config for more information.`)
+        }
       }
       return Reflect.get(target, p, receiver)
     },

packages/nuxt/src/core/builder.ts

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ function createGranularWatcher () {
         console.timeEnd('[nuxt] builder:chokidar:watch')
       }
     })
+    nuxt.hook('close', () => watcher?.close())
   }
 }
 

packages/nuxt/src/core/nitro.ts

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export async function initNitro (nuxt: Nuxt & { _nitro?: Nitro }) {
   const modules = await resolveNuxtModule(rootDirWithSlash,
     nuxt.options._installedModules
       .filter(m => m.entryPath)
-      .map(m => m.entryPath),
+      .map(m => m.entryPath!),
   )
 
   const nitroConfig: NitroConfig = defu(nuxt.options.nitro, {

packages/nuxt/src/core/nuxt.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import ignore from 'ignore'
 import type { LoadNuxtOptions } from '@nuxt/kit'
 import { addBuildPlugin, addComponent, addPlugin, addRouteMiddleware, addServerPlugin, addVitePlugin, addWebpackPlugin, installModule, loadNuxtConfig, logger, nuxtCtx, resolveAlias, resolveFiles, resolveIgnorePatterns, resolvePath, tryResolveModule, useNitro } from '@nuxt/kit'
 import { resolvePath as _resolvePath } from 'mlly'
-import type { Nuxt, NuxtHooks, NuxtModule, NuxtOptions, RuntimeConfig } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import type { Nuxt, NuxtHooks, NuxtModule, NuxtOptions } from 'nuxt/schema'
 import type { PackageJson } from 'pkg-types'
 import { readPackageJSON, resolvePackageJSON } from 'pkg-types'
 import { hash } from 'ohash'
@@ -49,7 +49,10 @@ export function createNuxt (options: NuxtOptions): Nuxt {
     addHooks: hooks.addHooks,
     hook: hooks.hook,
     ready: () => initNuxt(nuxt),
-    close: () => Promise.resolve(hooks.callHook('close', nuxt)),
+    close: async () => {
+      await hooks.callHook('close', nuxt)
+      hooks.removeAllHooks()
+    },
     vfs: {},
     apps: {},
   }
@@ -125,6 +128,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
   // Add nuxt types
   nuxt.hook('prepare:types', (opts) => {
     opts.references.push({ types: 'nuxt' })
+    opts.references.push({ path: resolve(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'types/app-defaults.d.ts') })
     opts.references.push({ path: resolve(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'types/plugins.d.ts') })
     // Add vue shim
     if (nuxt.options.typescript.shim) {
@@ -641,8 +645,22 @@ export async function loadNuxt (opts: LoadNuxtOptions): Promise<Nuxt> {
     options._modules.push('@nuxt/telemetry')
   }
 
-  // Ensure we share runtime config between Nuxt and Nitro
+  // Ensure we share key config between Nuxt and Nitro
-  options.runtimeConfig = options.nitro.runtimeConfig as RuntimeConfig
+  createPortalProperties(options.nitro.runtimeConfig, options, ['nitro.runtimeConfig', 'runtimeConfig'])
+  createPortalProperties(options.nitro.routeRules, options, ['nitro.routeRules', 'routeRules'])
+
+  // prevent replacement of options.nitro
+  const nitroOptions = options.nitro
+  Object.defineProperties(options, {
+    nitro: {
+      configurable: false,
+      enumerable: true,
+      get: () => nitroOptions,
+      set (value) {
+        Object.assign(nitroOptions, value)
+      },
+    },
+  })
 
   const nuxt = createNuxt(options)
 
@@ -680,7 +698,7 @@ const RESTART_RE = /^(?:app|error|app\.config)\.(?:js|ts|mjs|jsx|tsx|vue)$/i
 function deduplicateArray<T = unknown> (maybeArray: T): T {
   if (!Array.isArray(maybeArray)) { return maybeArray }
 
-  const fresh = []
+  const fresh: any[] = []
   const hashes = new Set<string>()
   for (const item of maybeArray) {
     const _hash = hash(item)
@@ -691,3 +709,31 @@ function deduplicateArray<T = unknown> (maybeArray: T): T {
   }
   return fresh as T
 }
+
+function createPortalProperties (sourceValue: any, options: NuxtOptions, paths: string[]) {
+  let sharedValue = sourceValue
+
+  for (const path of paths) {
+    const segments = path.split('.')
+    const key = segments.pop()!
+    let parent: Record<string, any> = options
+
+    while (segments.length) {
+      const key = segments.shift()!
+      parent = parent[key] || (parent[key] = {})
+    }
+
+    delete parent[key]
+
+    Object.defineProperties(parent, {
+      [key]: {
+        configurable: false,
+        enumerable: true,
+        get: () => sharedValue,
+        set (value) {
+          sharedValue = value
+        },
+      },
+    })
+  }
+}

packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/renderer.ts

@@ -165,11 +165,7 @@ const getSPARenderer = lazyCachedFunction(async () => {
     const config = useRuntimeConfig(ssrContext.event)
     ssrContext.modules = ssrContext.modules || new Set<string>()
     ssrContext!.payload = {
-      _errors: {},
       serverRendered: false,
-      data: {},
-      state: {},
-      once: new Set<string>(),
     }
     ssrContext.config = {
       public: config.public,
@@ -404,7 +400,7 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse
   // 2. Styles
   head.push({ style: inlinedStyles })
   if (!isRenderingIsland || import.meta.dev) {
-    const link = []
+    const link: Link[] = []
     for (const style in styles) {
       const resource = styles[style]
       // Do not add links to resources that are inlined (vite v5+)

packages/nuxt/src/core/templates.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import escapeRE from 'escape-string-regexp'
 import { hash } from 'ohash'
 import { camelCase } from 'scule'
 import { filename } from 'pathe/utils'
-import type { NuxtTemplate } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import type { NuxtTemplate, NuxtTypeTemplate } from 'nuxt/schema'
 
 import { annotatePlugins, checkForCircularDependencies } from './app'
 
@@ -96,6 +96,20 @@ export const serverPluginTemplate: NuxtTemplate = {
   },
 }
 
+export const appDefaults: NuxtTypeTemplate = {
+  filename: 'types/app-defaults.d.ts',
+  getContents: (ctx) => {
+    const isV4 = ctx.nuxt.options.future.compatibilityVersion === 4
+    return `
+declare module '#app/defaults' {
+  type DefaultAsyncDataErrorValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
+  type DefaultAsyncDataValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
+  type DefaultErrorValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
+  type DedupeOption = ${isV4 ? '\'cancel\' | \'defer\'' : 'boolean | \'cancel\' | \'defer\''}
+}`
+  },
+}
+
 export const pluginsDeclaration: NuxtTemplate = {
   filename: 'types/plugins.d.ts',
   getContents: async (ctx) => {
@@ -112,8 +126,6 @@ export const pluginsDeclaration: NuxtTemplate = {
 
     const pluginsName = (await annotatePlugins(ctx.nuxt, ctx.app.plugins)).filter(p => p.name).map(p => `'${p.name}'`)
 
-    const isV4 = ctx.nuxt.options.future.compatibilityVersion === 4
-
     return `// Generated by Nuxt'
 import type { Plugin } from '#app'
 
@@ -132,13 +144,6 @@ declare module '#app' {
   }
 }
 
-declare module '#app/defaults' {
-  type DefaultAsyncDataErrorValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
-  type DefaultAsyncDataValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
-  type DefaultErrorValue = ${isV4 ? 'undefined' : 'null'}
-  type DedupeOption = ${isV4 ? '\'cancel\' | \'defer\'' : 'boolean | \'cancel\' | \'defer\''}
-}
-
 declare module 'vue' {
   interface ComponentCustomProperties extends NuxtAppInjections { }
 }

packages/nuxt/src/imports/presets.ts

@@ -109,6 +109,10 @@ const granularAppPresets: InlinePreset[] = [
     imports: ['useId'],
     from: '#app/composables/id',
   },
+  {
+    imports: ['useRouteAnnouncer'],
+    from: '#app/composables/route-announcer',
+  },
 ]
 
 export const scriptsStubsPreset = {
@@ -119,19 +123,21 @@ export const scriptsStubsPreset = {
     'useScript',
     'useScriptGoogleAnalytics',
     'useScriptPlausibleAnalytics',
+    'useScriptClarity',
     'useScriptCloudflareWebAnalytics',
     'useScriptFathomAnalytics',
     'useScriptMatomoAnalytics',
     'useScriptGoogleTagManager',
+    'useScriptGoogleAdsense',
     'useScriptSegment',
-    'useScriptFacebookPixel',
+    'useScriptMetaPixel',
     'useScriptXPixel',
     'useScriptIntercom',
     'useScriptHotjar',
     'useScriptStripe',
     'useScriptLemonSqueezy',
     'useScriptVimeoPlayer',
-    'useScriptYouTubeIframe',
+    'useScriptYouTubePlayer',
     'useScriptGoogleMaps',
     'useScriptNpm',
   ],

packages/nuxt/src/pages/module.ts

@@ -275,6 +275,20 @@ export default defineNuxtModule({
       }
     })
 
+    // TODO: inject routes in `200.html` in next nitro upgrade (2.9.7+) via https://github.com/unjs/nitro/pull/2517
+    if (!nuxt.options.dev && !nuxt.options._prepare) {
+      nuxt.hook('app:templatesGenerated', (app) => {
+        const nitro = useNitro()
+        if (nitro.options.prerender.crawlLinks) {
+          for (const page of app.pages!) {
+            if (page.path && !page.path.includes(':')) {
+              nitro.options.prerender.routes.push(page.path)
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      })
+    }
+
     nuxt.hook('imports:extend', (imports) => {
       imports.push(
         { name: 'definePageMeta', as: 'definePageMeta', from: resolve(runtimeDir, 'composables') },

packages/nuxt/src/pages/route-rules.ts

@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ export async function extractRouteRules (code: string): Promise<NitroRouteConfig
   }
   if (!ROUTE_RULE_RE.test(code)) { return null }
 
-  code = extractScriptContent(code) || code
+  const script = extractScriptContent(code)
+  code = script?.code || code
 
   let rule: NitroRouteConfig | null = null
 
-  const js = await transform(code, { loader: 'ts' })
+  const js = await transform(code, { loader: script?.loader || 'ts' })
   walk(parse(js.code, {
     sourceType: 'module',
     ecmaVersion: 'latest',

packages/nuxt/src/pages/utils.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { filename } from 'pathe/utils'
 import { hash } from 'ohash'
 import { transform } from 'esbuild'
 import { parse } from 'acorn'
+import { walk } from 'estree-walker'
 import type { CallExpression, ExpressionStatement, ObjectExpression, Program, Property } from 'estree'
 import type { NuxtPage } from 'nuxt/schema'
 
@@ -139,11 +140,12 @@ export function generateRoutesFromFiles (files: ScannedFile[], options: Generate
   return prepareRoutes(routes)
 }
 
-export async function augmentPages (routes: NuxtPage[], vfs: Record<string, string>, augmentedPages = new Set<NuxtPage>()) {
+export async function augmentPages (routes: NuxtPage[], vfs: Record<string, string>, augmentedPages = new Set<string>()) {
   for (const route of routes) {
-    if (!augmentedPages.has(route) && route.file) {
+    if (route.file && !augmentedPages.has(route.file)) {
       const fileContent = route.file in vfs ? vfs[route.file] : fs.readFileSync(await resolvePath(route.file), 'utf-8')
       Object.assign(route, await getRouteMeta(fileContent, route.file))
+      augmentedPages.add(route.file)
     }
 
     if (route.children && route.children.length > 0) {
@@ -153,12 +155,15 @@ export async function augmentPages (routes: NuxtPage[], vfs: Record<string, stri
   return augmentedPages
 }
 
-const SFC_SCRIPT_RE = /<script[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/script[^>]*>/i
+const SFC_SCRIPT_RE = /<script(?<attrs>[^>]*)>(?<content>[\s\S]*?)<\/script[^>]*>/i
 export function extractScriptContent (html: string) {
-  const match = html.match(SFC_SCRIPT_RE)
+  const groups = html.match(SFC_SCRIPT_RE)?.groups || {}
 
-  if (match && match[1]) {
+  if (groups.content) {
-    return match[1].trim()
+    return {
+      loader: groups.attrs.includes('tsx') ? 'tsx' : 'ts',
+      code: groups.content.trim(),
+    } as const
   }
 
   return null
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@ const DYNAMIC_META_KEY = '__nuxt_dynamic_meta_key' as const
 
 const pageContentsCache: Record<string, string> = {}
 const metaCache: Record<string, Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>> = {}
-async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Promise<Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>> {
+export async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Promise<Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>> {
   // set/update pageContentsCache, invalidate metaCache on cache mismatch
   if (!(absolutePath in pageContentsCache) || pageContentsCache[absolutePath] !== contents) {
     pageContentsCache[absolutePath] = contents
@@ -184,81 +189,88 @@ async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Promise<Pa
     return {}
   }
 
-  if (!PAGE_META_RE.test(script)) {
+  if (!PAGE_META_RE.test(script.code)) {
     metaCache[absolutePath] = {}
     return {}
   }
 
-  const js = await transform(script, { loader: 'ts' })
+  const js = await transform(script.code, { loader: script.loader })
   const ast = parse(js.code, {
     sourceType: 'module',
     ecmaVersion: 'latest',
     ranges: true,
   }) as unknown as Program
-  const pageMetaAST = ast.body.find(node => node.type === 'ExpressionStatement' && node.expression.type === 'CallExpression' && node.expression.callee.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.callee.name === 'definePageMeta')
-  if (!pageMetaAST) {
-    metaCache[absolutePath] = {}
-    return {}
-  }
 
-  const pageMetaArgument = ((pageMetaAST as ExpressionStatement).expression as CallExpression).arguments[0] as ObjectExpression
   const extractedMeta = {} as Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>
   const extractionKeys = ['name', 'path', 'alias', 'redirect'] as const
   const dynamicProperties = new Set<keyof NuxtPage>()
 
-  for (const key of extractionKeys) {
+  let foundMeta = false
-    const property = pageMetaArgument.properties.find(property => property.type === 'Property' && property.key.type === 'Identifier' && property.key.name === key) as Property
-    if (!property) { continue }
 
-    if (property.value.type === 'ObjectExpression') {
+  walk(ast, {
-      const valueString = js.code.slice(property.value.range![0], property.value.range![1])
+    enter (node) {
-      try {
+      if (foundMeta) { return }
-        extractedMeta[key] = JSON.parse(runInNewContext(`JSON.stringify(${valueString})`, {}))
-      } catch {
-        console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not JSON-serializable (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
-        dynamicProperties.add(key)
-        continue
-      }
-    }
 
-    if (property.value.type === 'ArrayExpression') {
+      if (node.type !== 'ExpressionStatement' || node.expression.type !== 'CallExpression' || node.expression.callee.type !== 'Identifier' || node.expression.callee.name !== 'definePageMeta') { return }
-      const values = []
+
-      for (const element of property.value.elements) {
+      foundMeta = true
-        if (!element) {
+      const pageMetaArgument = ((node as ExpressionStatement).expression as CallExpression).arguments[0] as ObjectExpression
+
+      for (const key of extractionKeys) {
+        const property = pageMetaArgument.properties.find(property => property.type === 'Property' && property.key.type === 'Identifier' && property.key.name === key) as Property
+        if (!property) { continue }
+
+        if (property.value.type === 'ObjectExpression') {
+          const valueString = js.code.slice(property.value.range![0], property.value.range![1])
+          try {
+            extractedMeta[key] = JSON.parse(runInNewContext(`JSON.stringify(${valueString})`, {}))
+          } catch {
+            console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not JSON-serializable (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
+            dynamicProperties.add(key)
+            continue
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (property.value.type === 'ArrayExpression') {
+          const values: string[] = []
+          for (const element of property.value.elements) {
+            if (!element) {
+              continue
+            }
+            if (element.type !== 'Literal' || typeof element.value !== 'string') {
+              console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not an array of string literals (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
+              dynamicProperties.add(key)
+              continue
+            }
+            values.push(element.value)
+          }
+          extractedMeta[key] = values
           continue
         }
-        if (element.type !== 'Literal' || typeof element.value !== 'string') {
+
-          console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not an array of string literals (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
+        if (property.value.type !== 'Literal' || typeof property.value.value !== 'string') {
+          console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not a string literal or array of string literals (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
           dynamicProperties.add(key)
           continue
         }
-        values.push(element.value)
+        extractedMeta[key] = property.value.value
       }
-      extractedMeta[key] = values
-      continue
-    }
 
-    if (property.value.type !== 'Literal' || typeof property.value.value !== 'string') {
+      const extraneousMetaKeys = pageMetaArgument.properties
-      console.debug(`[nuxt] Skipping extraction of \`${key}\` metadata as it is not a string literal or array of string literals (reading \`${absolutePath}\`).`)
+        .filter(property => property.type === 'Property' && property.key.type === 'Identifier' && !(extractionKeys as unknown as string[]).includes(property.key.name))
-      dynamicProperties.add(key)
+        // @ts-expect-error inferred types have been filtered out
-      continue
+        .map(property => property.key.name)
-    }
-    extractedMeta[key] = property.value.value
-  }
 
-  const extraneousMetaKeys = pageMetaArgument.properties
+      if (extraneousMetaKeys.length) {
-    .filter(property => property.type === 'Property' && property.key.type === 'Identifier' && !(extractionKeys as unknown as string[]).includes(property.key.name))
+        dynamicProperties.add('meta')
-    // @ts-expect-error inferred types have been filtered out
+      }
-    .map(property => property.key.name)
 
-  if (extraneousMetaKeys.length) {
+      if (dynamicProperties.size) {
-    dynamicProperties.add('meta')
+        extractedMeta.meta ??= {}
-  }
+        extractedMeta.meta[DYNAMIC_META_KEY] = dynamicProperties
-
+      }
-  if (dynamicProperties.size) {
+    },
-    extractedMeta.meta ??= {}
+  })
-    extractedMeta.meta[DYNAMIC_META_KEY] = dynamicProperties
-  }
 
   metaCache[absolutePath] = extractedMeta
   return extractedMeta
@@ -501,19 +513,20 @@ async function createClientPage(loader) {
 }`)
       }
 
-      if (route.children != null) {
+      if (route.children) {
         metaRoute.children = route.children
       }
 
-      if (overrideMeta) {
+      if (route.meta) {
-        metaRoute.name = `${metaImportName}?.name`
+        metaRoute.meta = `{ ...(${metaImportName} || {}), ...${route.meta} }`
-        metaRoute.path = `${metaImportName}?.path ?? ''`
+      }
 
+      if (overrideMeta) {
         // skip and retain fallback if marked dynamic
         // set to extracted value or fallback if none extracted
         for (const key of ['name', 'path'] satisfies NormalizedRouteKeys) {
           if (markedDynamic.has(key)) { continue }
-          metaRoute[key] = route[key] ?? metaRoute[key]
+          metaRoute[key] = route[key] ?? `${metaImportName}?.${key}`
         }
 
         // set to extracted value or delete if none extracted
@@ -528,10 +541,6 @@ async function createClientPage(loader) {
           metaRoute[key] = route[key]
         }
       } else {
-        if (route.meta != null) {
-          metaRoute.meta = `{ ...(${metaImportName} || {}), ...${route.meta} }`
-        }
-
         if (route.alias != null) {
           metaRoute.alias = `${route.alias}.concat(${metaImportName}?.alias || [])`
         }

packages/nuxt/test/__snapshots__/pages-override-meta-enabled.test.ts.snap

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
       "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
       "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
       "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
-      "name": "mockMeta?.name",
+      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
       "path": ""/"",
       "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
     },

packages/nuxt/test/auto-imports.test.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ import * as VueFunctions from 'vue'
 import type { Import } from 'unimport'
 import { createUnimport } from 'unimport'
 import type { Plugin } from 'vite'
+import { registry as scriptRegistry } from '@nuxt/scripts/registry'
 import { TransformPlugin } from '../src/imports/transform'
-import { defaultPresets } from '../src/imports/presets'
+import { defaultPresets, scriptsStubsPreset } from '../src/imports/presets'
 
 describe('imports:transform', () => {
   const imports: Import[] = [
@@ -193,3 +194,24 @@ describe('imports:vue', () => {
     })
   }
 })
+
+describe('imports:nuxt/scripts', () => {
+  const scripts = scriptRegistry().map(s => s.import?.name).filter(Boolean)
+  const globalScripts = new Set([
+    'useScript',
+    'useAnalyticsPageEvent',
+    'useElementScriptTrigger',
+    'useConsentScriptTrigger',
+    // registered separately
+    'useScriptGoogleTagManager',
+    'useScriptGoogleAnalytics',
+  ])
+  it.each(scriptsStubsPreset.imports)(`should register %s from @nuxt/scripts`, (name) => {
+    if (globalScripts.has(name)) { return }
+
+    expect(scripts).toContain(name)
+  })
+  it.each(scripts)(`should register %s from @nuxt/scripts`, (name) => {
+    expect(scriptsStubsPreset.imports).toContain(name)
+  })
+})

packages/nuxt/test/nuxt-link.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
-import type { RouteLocation, RouteLocationRaw } from 'vue-router'
+import type { RouteLocation } from 'vue-router'
 import type { NuxtLinkOptions, NuxtLinkProps } from '../src/app/components/nuxt-link'
 import { defineNuxtLink } from '../src/app/components/nuxt-link'
 import { useRuntimeConfig } from '../src/app/nuxt'
@@ -99,7 +99,11 @@ describe('nuxt-link:isExternal', () => {
   })
 
   it('returns `false` when `to` is a route location object', () => {
-    expect(nuxtLink({ to: { to: '/to' } as RouteLocationRaw }).type).toBe(INTERNAL)
+    expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/to' } }).type).toBe(INTERNAL)
+  })
+
+  it('returns `true` when `to` has a `target`', () => {
+    expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/to' }, target: '_blank' }).type).toBe(EXTERNAL)
   })
 
   it('honors `external` prop', () => {
@@ -122,7 +126,12 @@ describe('nuxt-link:propsOrAttributes', () => {
       })
 
       it('resolves route location object', () => {
-        expect(nuxtLink({ to: { to: '/to' } as RouteLocationRaw, external: true }).props.href).toBe('/to')
+        expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/to' }, external: true }).props.href).toBe('/to')
+      })
+
+      it('applies trailing slash behaviour', () => {
+        expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/to' }, external: true }, { trailingSlash: 'append' }).props.href).toBe('/to/')
+        expect(nuxtLink({ to: '/to', external: true }, { trailingSlash: 'append' }).props.href).toBe('/to/')
       })
     })
 
@@ -167,6 +176,8 @@ describe('nuxt-link:propsOrAttributes', () => {
         }, () => {
           expect(nuxtLink({ to: 'http://nuxtjs.org/app/about', target: '_blank' }).props.href).toBe('http://nuxtjs.org/app/about')
           expect(nuxtLink({ to: '//nuxtjs.org/app/about', target: '_blank' }).props.href).toBe('//nuxtjs.org/app/about')
+          expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/' }, external: true }).props.href).toBe('/')
+          expect(nuxtLink({ to: '/', external: true }).props.href).toBe('/')
         })
       })
     })
@@ -209,7 +220,7 @@ describe('nuxt-link:propsOrAttributes', () => {
     describe('to', () => {
       it('forwards `to` prop', () => {
         expect(nuxtLink({ to: '/to' }).props.to).toBe('/to')
-        expect(nuxtLink({ to: { to: '/to' } as RouteLocationRaw }).props.to).toEqual({ to: '/to' })
+        expect(nuxtLink({ to: { path: '/to' } }).props.to).toEqual({ path: '/to' })
       })
     })
 

packages/nuxt/test/page-metadata.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { getRouteMeta, normalizeRoutes } from '../src/pages/utils'
+import type { NuxtPage } from '../schema'
+
+const filePath = '/app/pages/index.vue'
+
+describe('page metadata', () => {
+  it('should not extract metadata from empty files', async () => {
+    expect(await getRouteMeta('', filePath)).toEqual({})
+    expect(await getRouteMeta('<template><div>Hi</div></template>', filePath)).toEqual({})
+  })
+
+  it('should use and invalidate cache', async () => {
+    const fileContents = `<script setup>definePageMeta({ foo: 'bar' })</script>`
+    const meta = await getRouteMeta(fileContents, filePath)
+    expect(meta === await getRouteMeta(fileContents, filePath)).toBeTruthy()
+    expect(meta === await getRouteMeta(fileContents, '/app/pages/other.vue')).toBeFalsy()
+    expect(meta === await getRouteMeta('<template><div>Hi</div></template>' + fileContents, filePath)).toBeFalsy()
+  })
+
+  it('should extract serialisable metadata', async () => {
+    const meta = await getRouteMeta(`
+    <script setup>
+    definePageMeta({
+      name: 'some-custom-name',
+      path: '/some-custom-path',
+      validate: () => true,
+      middleware: [
+        function () {},
+      ],
+      otherValue: {
+        foo: 'bar',
+      },
+    })
+    </script>
+    `, filePath)
+
+    expect(meta).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      {
+        "meta": {
+          "__nuxt_dynamic_meta_key": Set {
+            "meta",
+          },
+        },
+        "name": "some-custom-name",
+        "path": "/some-custom-path",
+      }
+    `)
+  })
+
+  it('should extract serialisable metadata in options api', async () => {
+    const meta = await getRouteMeta(`
+    <script>
+    export default {
+      setup() {
+        definePageMeta({
+          name: 'some-custom-name',
+          path: '/some-custom-path',
+          middleware: (from, to) => console.warn('middleware'),
+        })
+      },
+    };
+    </script>
+    `, filePath)
+
+    expect(meta).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      {
+        "meta": {
+          "__nuxt_dynamic_meta_key": Set {
+            "meta",
+          },
+        },
+        "name": "some-custom-name",
+        "path": "/some-custom-path",
+      }
+    `)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('normalizeRoutes', () => {
+  it('should produce valid route objects when used with extracted meta', async () => {
+    const page: NuxtPage = { path: '/', file: filePath }
+    Object.assign(page, await getRouteMeta(`
+      <script setup>
+      definePageMeta({
+        name: 'some-custom-name',
+        path: ref('/some-custom-path'), /* dynamic */
+        validate: () => true,
+        redirect: '/',
+        middleware: [
+          function () {},
+        ],
+        otherValue: {
+          foo: 'bar',
+        },
+      })
+      </script>
+      `, filePath))
+
+    page.meta ||= {}
+    page.meta.layout = 'test'
+    page.meta.foo = 'bar'
+
+    const { routes, imports } = normalizeRoutes([page], new Set(), true)
+    expect({ routes, imports }).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        {
+          "imports": Set {
+            "import { default as indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta } from "/app/pages/index.vue?macro=true";",
+          },
+          "routes": "[
+          {
+            name: "some-custom-name",
+            path: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.path ?? "/",
+            meta: { ...(indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta || {}), ...{"layout":"test","foo":"bar"} },
+            redirect: "/",
+            component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)
+          }
+        ]",
+        }
+      `)
+  })
+
+  it('should produce valid route objects when used without extracted meta', () => {
+    const page: NuxtPage = { path: '/', file: filePath }
+    page.meta ||= {}
+    page.meta.layout = 'test'
+    page.meta.foo = 'bar'
+
+    const { routes, imports } = normalizeRoutes([page], new Set())
+    expect({ routes, imports }).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+        {
+          "imports": Set {
+            "import { default as indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta } from "/app/pages/index.vue?macro=true";",
+          },
+          "routes": "[
+          {
+            name: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.name ?? undefined,
+            path: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.path ?? "/",
+            meta: { ...(indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta || {}), ...{"layout":"test","foo":"bar"} },
+            alias: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.alias || [],
+            redirect: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.redirect,
+            component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)
+          }
+        ]",
+        }
+      `)
+  })
+})

packages/schema/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@nuxt/schema",
-  "version": "3.11.2",
+  "version": "3.12.1",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git",
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@
     "@types/file-loader": "5.0.4",
     "@types/pug": "2.0.10",
     "@types/sass-loader": "8.0.8",
-    "@unhead/schema": "1.9.12",
+    "@unhead/schema": "1.9.13",
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.4",
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx": "4.0.0",
     "@vue/compiler-core": "3.4.27",
     "@vue/compiler-sfc": "3.4.27",
     "@vue/language-core": "2.0.21",
-    "c12": "1.10.0",
+    "c12": "1.11.1",
     "esbuild-loader": "4.1.0",
     "h3": "1.11.1",
     "ignore": "5.3.1",
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@
     "unbuild": "latest",
     "unctx": "2.3.1",
     "unenv": "1.9.0",
-    "vite": "5.2.13",
+    "vite": "5.3.0",
     "vue": "3.4.27",
     "vue-bundle-renderer": "2.1.0",
     "vue-loader": "17.4.2",
     "vue-router": "4.3.3",
-    "webpack": "5.91.0",
+    "webpack": "5.92.0",
     "webpack-dev-middleware": "7.2.1"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "compatx": "^0.1.3",
+    "compatx": "^0.1.8",
     "consola": "^3.2.3",
     "defu": "^6.1.4",
     "hookable": "^5.5.3",

packages/schema/src/config/common.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { existsSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { readdir } from 'node:fs/promises'
 import { defineUntypedSchema } from 'untyped'
 import { join, relative, resolve } from 'pathe'
 import { isDebug, isDevelopment, isTest } from 'std-env'
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ export default defineUntypedSchema({
    *
    * We plan to improve the tooling around this feature in the future.
    *
-   * @type {typeof import('compatx').DateString | Record<string, typeof import('compatx').DateString>}
+   * @type {typeof import('compatx').CompatibilityDateSpec}
    */
   compatibilityDate: undefined,
 
@@ -117,7 +118,16 @@ export default defineUntypedSchema({
       }
 
       const srcDir = resolve(rootDir, 'app')
-      if (!existsSync(srcDir)) {
+      const srcDirFiles = new Set<string>()
+      if (existsSync(srcDir)) {
+        const files = await readdir(srcDir).catch(() => [])
+        for (const file of files) {
+          if (file !== 'spa-loading-template.html' && !file.startsWith('router.options')) {
+            srcDirFiles.add(file)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (srcDirFiles.size === 0) {
         for (const file of ['app.vue', 'App.vue']) {
           if (existsSync(resolve(rootDir, file))) {
             return rootDir

packages/schema/src/config/internal.ts

@@ -23,7 +23,10 @@ export default defineUntypedSchema({
   _nuxtConfigFiles: [],
   /** @private */
   appDir: '',
-  /** @private */
+  /**
+   * @private
+   * @type {Array<{ meta: ModuleMeta; timings?: Record<string, number | undefined>; entryPath?: string }>}
+   */
   _installedModules: [],
   /** @private */
   _modules: [],

packages/schema/src/types/config.ts

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export interface AppConfigInput extends CustomAppConfig {
   server?: never
 }
 
-type Serializable<T> = T extends Function ? never : T extends Promise<infer U> ? Serializable<U> : T extends Record<string, any> ? { [K in keyof T]: Serializable<T[K]> } : T
+type Serializable<T> = T extends Function ? never : T extends Promise<infer U> ? Serializable<U> : T extends string & {} ? T : T extends Record<string, any> ? { [K in keyof T]: Serializable<T[K]> } : T
 
 export interface NuxtAppConfig {
   head: Serializable<AppHeadMetaObject>

packages/ui-templates/package.json

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/html-minifier": "4.0.5",
     "@types/lodash-es": "4.17.12",
-    "@unocss/reset": "0.60.4",
+    "@unocss/reset": "0.61.0",
     "critters": "0.0.22",
     "execa": "9.2.0",
     "globby": "14.0.1",
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
     "knitwork": "1.1.0",
     "lodash-es": "4.17.21",
     "pathe": "1.1.2",
-    "prettier": "3.3.1",
+    "prettier": "3.3.2",
     "scule": "1.3.0",
-    "unocss": "0.60.4",
+    "unocss": "0.61.0",
-    "vite": "5.2.13"
+    "vite": "5.3.0"
   }
 }

packages/vite/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@nuxt/vite-builder",
-  "version": "3.11.2",
+  "version": "3.12.1",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git",
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
     "@types/clear": "0.1.4",
     "@types/estree": "1.0.5",
     "@types/fs-extra": "11.0.4",
+    "rollup": "4.18.0",
     "unbuild": "latest",
     "vue": "3.4.27"
   },
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@
     "ufo": "^1.5.3",
     "unenv": "^1.9.0",
     "unplugin": "^1.10.1",
-    "vite": "^5.2.13",
+    "vite": "^5.3.0",
     "vite-node": "^1.6.0",
     "vite-plugin-checker": "^0.6.4",
     "vue-bundle-renderer": "^2.1.0"

packages/vite/src/client.ts

@@ -163,10 +163,11 @@ export async function buildClient (ctx: ViteBuildContext) {
   }
 
   // We want to respect users' own rollup output options
+  const fileNames = withoutLeadingSlash(join(ctx.nuxt.options.app.buildAssetsDir, '[hash].js'))
   clientConfig.build!.rollupOptions = defu(clientConfig.build!.rollupOptions!, {
     output: {
-      chunkFileNames: ctx.nuxt.options.dev ? undefined : withoutLeadingSlash(join(ctx.nuxt.options.app.buildAssetsDir, '[hash].js')),
+      chunkFileNames: ctx.nuxt.options.dev ? undefined : fileNames,
-      entryFileNames: ctx.nuxt.options.dev ? 'entry.js' : withoutLeadingSlash(join(ctx.nuxt.options.app.buildAssetsDir, '[hash].js')),
+      entryFileNames: ctx.nuxt.options.dev ? 'entry.js' : fileNames,
     } satisfies NonNullable<BuildOptions['rollupOptions']>['output'],
   }) as any
 
@@ -228,7 +229,13 @@ export async function buildClient (ctx: ViteBuildContext) {
     })
 
     const viteMiddleware = defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
-      const viteRoutes = viteServer.middlewares.stack.map(m => m.route).filter(r => r.length > 1)
+      const viteRoutes: string[] = []
+      for (const viteRoute of viteServer.middlewares.stack) {
+        const m = viteRoute.route
+        if (m.length > 1) {
+          viteRoutes.push(m)
+        }
+      }
       if (!event.path.startsWith(clientConfig.base!) && !viteRoutes.some(route => event.path.startsWith(route))) {
         // @ts-expect-error _skip_transform is a private property
         event.node.req._skip_transform = true

packages/vite/src/css.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import type { Nuxt } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import type { InlineConfig as ViteConfig } from 'vite'
 import { distDir } from './dirs'
 
+const lastPlugins = ['autoprefixer', 'cssnano']
+
 export function resolveCSSOptions (nuxt: Nuxt): ViteConfig['css'] {
   const css: ViteConfig['css'] & { postcss: NonNullable<Exclude<NonNullable<ViteConfig['css']>['postcss'], string>> } = {
     postcss: {
@@ -10,19 +12,22 @@ export function resolveCSSOptions (nuxt: Nuxt): ViteConfig['css'] {
     },
   }
 
-  const lastPlugins = ['autoprefixer', 'cssnano']
+  css.postcss.plugins = []
-  css.postcss.plugins = Object.entries(nuxt.options.postcss.plugins)
+
+  const plugins = Object.entries(nuxt.options.postcss.plugins)
     .sort((a, b) => lastPlugins.indexOf(a[0]) - lastPlugins.indexOf(b[0]))
-    .filter(([, opts]) => opts)
+
-    .map(([name, opts]) => {
+  for (const [name, opts] of plugins) {
+    if (opts) {
       const plugin = requireModule(name, {
         paths: [
           ...nuxt.options.modulesDir,
           distDir,
         ],
       })
-      return plugin(opts)
+      css.postcss.plugins.push(plugin(opts))
-    })
+    }
+  }
 
   return css
 }

packages/vite/src/dev-bundler.ts

@@ -238,7 +238,13 @@ export async function initViteDevBundler (ctx: ViteBuildContext, onBuild: () =>
     const { code, ids } = await bundleRequest(options, ctx.entry)
     await fse.writeFile(resolve(ctx.nuxt.options.buildDir, 'dist/server/server.mjs'), code, 'utf-8')
     // Have CSS in the manifest to prevent FOUC on dev SSR
-    await writeManifest(ctx, ids.filter(isCSS).map(i => i.slice(1)))
+    const manifestIds: string[] = []
+    for (const i of ids) {
+      if (isCSS(i)) {
+        manifestIds.push(i.slice(1))
+      }
+    }
+    await writeManifest(ctx, manifestIds)
     const time = (Date.now() - start)
     logger.success(`Vite server built in ${time}ms`)
     await onBuild()

packages/vite/src/manifest.ts

@@ -50,11 +50,14 @@ export async function writeManifest (ctx: ViteBuildContext, css: string[] = [])
   await fse.mkdirp(serverDist)
 
   if (ctx.config.build?.cssCodeSplit === false) {
-    const entryCSS = Object.values(clientManifest as Record<string, { file?: string }>).find(val => (val).file?.endsWith('.css'))?.file
+    for (const key in clientManifest as Record<string, { file?: string }>) {
-    if (entryCSS) {
+      const val = clientManifest[key]
-      const key = relative(ctx.config.root!, ctx.entry)
+      if (val.file?.endsWith('.css')) {
-      clientManifest[key].css ||= []
+        const key = relative(ctx.config.root!, ctx.entry)
-      clientManifest[key].css!.push(entryCSS)
+        clientManifest[key].css ||= []
+        clientManifest[key].css!.push(val.file)
+        break
+      }
     }
   }
 

packages/vite/src/plugins/analyze.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { transform } from 'esbuild'
 import { visualizer } from 'rollup-plugin-visualizer'
 import defu from 'defu'
 import type { NuxtOptions } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import type { RenderedModule } from 'rollup'
 import type { ViteBuildContext } from '../vite'
 
 export function analyzePlugin (ctx: ViteBuildContext): Plugin[] {
@@ -13,14 +14,18 @@ export function analyzePlugin (ctx: ViteBuildContext): Plugin[] {
     {
       name: 'nuxt:analyze-minify',
       async generateBundle (_opts, outputBundle) {
-        for (const [_bundleId, bundle] of Object.entries(outputBundle)) {
+        for (const _bundleId in outputBundle) {
+          const bundle = outputBundle[_bundleId]
           if (bundle.type !== 'chunk') { continue }
-          const originalEntries = Object.entries(bundle.modules)
+          const minifiedModuleEntryPromises: Array<Promise<[string, RenderedModule]>> = []
-          const minifiedEntries = await Promise.all(originalEntries.map(async ([moduleId, module]) => {
+          for (const moduleId in bundle.modules) {
-            const { code } = await transform(module.code || '', { minify: true })
+            const module = bundle.modules[moduleId]
-            return [moduleId, { ...module, code }]
+            minifiedModuleEntryPromises.push(
-          }))
+              transform(module.code || '', { minify: true })
-          bundle.modules = Object.fromEntries(minifiedEntries)
+                .then(result => [moduleId, { ...module, code: result.code }]),
+            )
+          }
+          bundle.modules = Object.fromEntries(await Promise.all(minifiedModuleEntryPromises))
         }
       },
     },

packages/vite/src/plugins/composable-keys.ts

@@ -23,12 +23,15 @@ const SUPPORTED_EXT_RE = /\.(?:m?[jt]sx?|vue)/
 
 export const composableKeysPlugin = createUnplugin((options: ComposableKeysOptions) => {
   const composableMeta: Record<string, any> = {}
+  const composableLengths = new Set<number>()
+  const keyedFunctions = new Set<string>()
   for (const { name, ...meta } of options.composables) {
     composableMeta[name] = meta
+    keyedFunctions.add(name)
+    composableLengths.add(meta.argumentLength)
   }
 
-  const maxLength = Math.max(...options.composables.map(({ argumentLength }) => argumentLength))
+  const maxLength = Math.max(...composableLengths)
-  const keyedFunctions = new Set(options.composables.map(({ name }) => name))
   const KEYED_FUNCTIONS_RE = new RegExp(`\\b(${[...keyedFunctions].map(f => escapeRE(f)).join('|')})\\b`)
 
   return {

packages/vite/src/plugins/public-dirs.ts

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const VitePublicDirsPlugin = createUnplugin((options: { sourcemap?: boole
       resolveId: {
         enforce: 'post',
         handler (id) {
-          if (id === '/__skip_vite' || !id.startsWith('/') || id.startsWith('/@fs')) { return }
+          if (id === '/__skip_vite' || id[0] !== '/' || id.startsWith('/@fs')) { return }
 
           if (resolveFromPublicAssets(id)) {
             return PREFIX + encodeURIComponent(id)

packages/vite/src/plugins/ssr-styles.ts

@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ export function ssrStylesPlugin (options: SSRStylePluginOptions): Plugin {
         const { files, inBundle } = cssMap[file]
         // File has been tree-shaken out of build (or there are no styles to inline)
         if (!files.length || !inBundle) { continue }
-
+        const fileName = filename(file)
         const base = typeof outputOptions.assetFileNames === 'string'
           ? outputOptions.assetFileNames
           : outputOptions.assetFileNames({
             type: 'asset',
-            name: `${filename(file)}-styles.mjs`,
+            name: `${fileName}-styles.mjs`,
             source: '',
           })
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function ssrStylesPlugin (options: SSRStylePluginOptions): Plugin {
 
         emitted[file] = this.emitFile({
           type: 'asset',
-          name: `${filename(file)}-styles.mjs`,
+          name: `${fileName}-styles.mjs`,
           source: [
             ...files.map((css, i) => `import style_${i} from './${relative(baseDir, this.getFileName(css))}';`),
             `export default [${files.map((_, i) => `style_${i}`).join(', ')}]`,

packages/vite/src/server.ts

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export async function buildServer (ctx: ViteBuildContext) {
 
   if (!ctx.nuxt.options.dev) {
     const nitroDependencies = await tryResolveModule('nitropack/package.json', ctx.nuxt.options.modulesDir)
-      .then(r => import(r!)).then(r => Object.keys(r.dependencies || {})).catch(() => [])
+      .then(r => import(r!)).then(r => r.dependencies ? Object.keys(r.dependencies) : []).catch(() => [])
     if (Array.isArray(serverConfig.ssr!.external)) {
       serverConfig.ssr!.external.push(
         // explicit dependencies we use in our ssr renderer - these can be inlined (if necessary) in the nitro build

packages/vite/src/utils/transpile.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ interface Envs {
 
 export function transpile (envs: Envs): Array<string | RegExp> {
   const nuxt = useNuxt()
-  const transpile = []
+  const transpile: Array<string | RegExp> = []
 
   for (let pattern of nuxt.options.build.transpile) {
     if (typeof pattern === 'function') {

packages/vite/src/vite.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { dirname, join, normalize, resolve } from 'pathe'
 import type { Nuxt, NuxtBuilder, ViteConfig } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import { addVitePlugin, isIgnored, logger, resolvePath } from '@nuxt/kit'
 import replace from '@rollup/plugin-replace'
+import type { RollupReplaceOptions } from '@rollup/plugin-replace'
 import { sanitizeFilePath } from 'mlly'
 import { withoutLeadingSlash } from 'ufo'
 import { filename } from 'pathe/utils'
@@ -102,10 +103,7 @@ export const bundle: NuxtBuilder['bundle'] = async (nuxt) => {
             rootDir: nuxt.options.rootDir,
             composables: nuxt.options.optimization.keyedComposables,
           }),
-          replace({
+          replace({ preventAssignment: true, ...globalThisReplacements }),
-            ...Object.fromEntries([';', '(', '{', '}', ' ', '\t', '\n'].map(d => [`${d}global.`, `${d}globalThis.`])),
-            preventAssignment: true,
-          }),
           virtual(nuxt.vfs),
         ],
         server: {
@@ -164,10 +162,16 @@ export const bundle: NuxtBuilder['bundle'] = async (nuxt) => {
   await nuxt.callHook('vite:extend', ctx)
 
   nuxt.hook('vite:extendConfig', (config) => {
-    config.plugins!.push(replace({
+    const replaceOptions: RollupReplaceOptions = Object.create(null)
-      preventAssignment: true,
+    replaceOptions.preventAssignment = true
-      ...Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(config.define!).filter(([key]) => key.startsWith('import.meta.'))),
+
-    }))
+    for (const key in config.define!) {
+      if (key.startsWith('import.meta.')) {
+        replaceOptions[key] = config.define![key]
+      }
+    }
+
+    config.plugins!.push(replace(replaceOptions))
   })
 
   if (!ctx.nuxt.options.dev) {
@@ -224,3 +228,5 @@ export const bundle: NuxtBuilder['bundle'] = async (nuxt) => {
   await buildClient(ctx)
   await buildServer(ctx)
 }
+
+const globalThisReplacements = Object.fromEntries([';', '(', '{', '}', ' ', '\t', '\n'].map(d => [`${d}global.`, `${d}globalThis.`]))

packages/webpack/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@nuxt/webpack-builder",
-  "version": "3.11.2",
+  "version": "3.12.1",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git",
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     "url-loader": "^4.1.1",
     "vue-bundle-renderer": "^2.1.0",
     "vue-loader": "^17.4.2",
-    "webpack": "^5.91.0",
+    "webpack": "^5.92.0",
     "webpack-bundle-analyzer": "^4.10.2",
     "webpack-dev-middleware": "^7.2.1",
     "webpack-hot-middleware": "^2.26.1",

packages/webpack/src/plugins/vue/client.ts

@@ -43,24 +43,19 @@ export default class VueSSRClientPlugin {
 
       const allFiles = new Set<string>()
       const asyncFiles = new Set<string>()
-
-      for (const asset of stats.assets!) {
-        const file = asset.name
-        if (!isHotUpdate(file)) {
-          allFiles.add(file)
-          if (initialFiles.has(file)) { continue }
-          if (isJS(file) || isCSS(file)) {
-            asyncFiles.add(file)
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
       const assetsMapping: Record<string, string[]> = {}
-      for (const { name, chunkNames = [] } of stats.assets!) {
+
-        if (isJS(name) && !isHotUpdate(name)) {
+      for (const { name: file, chunkNames = [] } of stats.assets!) {
+        if (isHotUpdate(file)) { continue }
+        allFiles.add(file)
+        const isFileJS = isJS(file)
+        if (!initialFiles.has(file) && (isFileJS || isCSS(file))) {
+          asyncFiles.add(file)
+        }
+        if (isFileJS) {
           const componentHash = hash(chunkNames.join('|'))
           const map = assetsMapping[componentHash] ||= []
-          map.push(name)
+          map.push(file)
         }
       }
 

scripts/release.sh

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ for PKG in packages/* ; do
   if [[ $PKG == "packages/test-utils" ]] ; then
     continue
   fi
-  if [[ $p == "packages/ui-templates" ]] ; then
+  if [[ $PKG == "packages/ui-templates" ]] ; then
     continue
   fi
   pushd $PKG

scripts/update-changelog.ts

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ async function main () {
   const commits = await getLatestCommits().then(commits => commits.filter(
     c => config.types[c.type] && !(c.type === 'chore' && c.scope === 'deps' && !c.isBreaking),
   ))
-  const bumpType = await determineBumpType()
+  const bumpType = await determineBumpType() || 'patch'
 
-  const newVersion = inc(workspace.find('nuxt').data.version, bumpType || 'patch')
+  const newVersion = inc(workspace.find('nuxt').data.version, bumpType)
   const changelog = await generateMarkDown(commits, config)
 
   // Create and push a branch with bumped versions if it has not already been created
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ async function main () {
     changelog
       .replace(/^## v.*\n/, '')
       .replace(`...${releaseBranch}`, `...v${newVersion}`)
-      .replace(/### ❤️ Contributors[\s\S]*$/, ''),
+      .replace(/### ❤️ Contributors[\s\S]*$/, '')
+      .replace(/[\n\r]+/g, '\n'),
     '### ❤️ Contributors',
     contributors.map(c => `- ${c.name} (@${c.username})`).join('\n'),
   ].join('\n')

test/basic.test.ts

@@ -166,6 +166,21 @@ describe('pages', () => {
     expect(res.headers.get('x-extend')).toEqual('added in pages:extend')
   })
 
+  it('preserves page metadata added in pages:extend hook', async () => {
+    const html = await $fetch<string>('/some-custom-path')
+    expect (html.match(/<pre>([^<]*)<\/pre>/)?.[1]?.trim().replace(/&quot;/g, '"').replace(/&gt;/g, '>')).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      "{
+        "name": "some-custom-name",
+        "path": "/some-custom-path",
+        "validate": "() => true",
+        "middleware": [
+          "() => true"
+        ],
+        "otherValue": "{\\"foo\\":\\"bar\\"}"
+      }"
+    `)
+  })
+
   it('validates routes', async () => {
     const { status, headers } = await fetch('/forbidden')
     expect(status).toEqual(404)
@@ -745,6 +760,24 @@ describe('nuxt links', () => {
     `)
   })
 
+  it('respects external links in edge cases', async () => {
+    const html = await $fetch<string>('/nuxt-link/custom-external')
+    const hrefs = html.match(/<a[^>]*href="([^"]+)"/g)
+    expect(hrefs).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      [
+        "<a href="https://thehackernews.com/2024/01/urgent-upgrade-gitlab-critical.html"",
+        "<a href="https://thehackernews.com/2024/01/urgent-upgrade-gitlab-critical.html"",
+        "<a href="/missing-page/"",
+        "<a href="/missing-page/"",
+      ]
+    `)
+
+    const { page, consoleLogs } = await renderPage('/nuxt-link/custom-external')
+    const warnings = consoleLogs.filter(c => c.text.includes('No match found for location'))
+    expect(warnings).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`[]`)
+    await page.close()
+  })
+
   it('preserves route state', async () => {
     const { page } = await renderPage('/nuxt-link/trailing-slash')
 

test/fixtures/basic-types/nuxt.config.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,13 @@ export default defineNuxtConfig({
       title: Promise.resolve('Nuxt Fixture'),
       // @ts-expect-error Functions are not allowed
       titleTemplate: title => 'test',
+      meta: [
+        {
+          // Allows unknown property
+          property: 'og:thing',
+          content: '1234567890',
+        },
+      ],
     },
     pageTransition: {
       // @ts-expect-error Functions are not allowed

test/fixtures/basic-types/package.json

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
   "devDependencies": {
     "ofetch": "latest",
     "unplugin-vue-router": "^0.7.0",
-    "vitest": "1.5.3",
+    "vitest": "1.6.0",
     "vue": "latest",
     "vue-router": "latest"
   }

test/fixtures/basic-types/types.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { FetchError } from 'ofetch'
 import type { NavigationFailure, RouteLocationNormalized, RouteLocationRaw, Router, useRouter as vueUseRouter } from '#vue-router'
 
 import type { AppConfig, RuntimeValue, UpperSnakeCase } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import { defineNuxtModule } from 'nuxt/kit'
 import { defineNuxtConfig } from 'nuxt/config'
 import { callWithNuxt, isVue3 } from '#app'
 import type { NuxtError } from '#app'
@@ -242,6 +243,17 @@ describe('modules', () => {
     // @ts-expect-error we want to ensure we throw type error on invalid key
     defineNuxtConfig({ undeclaredKey: { other: false } })
   })
+
+  it('preserves options in defineNuxtModule setup without `.with()`', () => {
+    defineNuxtModule<{ foo?: string, baz: number }>({
+      defaults: {
+        baz: 100,
+      },
+      setup: (resolvedOptions) => {
+        expectTypeOf(resolvedOptions).toEqualTypeOf<{ foo?: string, baz: number }>()
+      },
+    })
+  })
 })
 
 describe('nuxtApp', () => {

test/fixtures/basic/modules/page-extend/index.ts

@@ -16,9 +16,15 @@ export default defineNuxtModule({
       }, {
         path: '/big-page-1',
         file: resolver.resolve('./pages/big-page.vue'),
+        meta: {
+          layout: false,
+        },
       }, {
         path: '/big-page-2',
         file: resolver.resolve('./pages/big-page.vue'),
+        meta: {
+          layout: false,
+        },
       })
     })
   },

test/fixtures/basic/nuxt.config.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { addBuildPlugin, addComponent } from 'nuxt/kit'
 import type { NuxtPage } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import { defu } from 'defu'
 import { createUnplugin } from 'unplugin'
 import { withoutLeadingSlash } from 'ufo'
 
@@ -88,10 +89,17 @@ export default defineNuxtConfig({
   runtimeConfig: {
     public: {
       needsFallback: undefined,
-      testConfig: 123,
     },
   },
   modules: [
+    function (_options, nuxt) {
+      // ensure setting `runtimeConfig` also sets `nitro.runtimeConfig`
+      nuxt.options.runtimeConfig = defu(nuxt.options.runtimeConfig, {
+        public: {
+          testConfig: 123,
+        },
+      })
+    },
     function (_options, nuxt) {
       nuxt.hook('modules:done', () => {
         // @ts-expect-error not valid nuxt option
@@ -151,6 +159,17 @@ export default defineNuxtConfig({
         internalParent!.children = newPages
       })
     },
+    function (_options, nuxt) {
+      // to check that page metadata is preserved
+      nuxt.hook('pages:extend', (pages) => {
+        const customName = pages.find(page => page.name === 'some-custom-name')
+        if (!customName) { throw new Error('Page with custom name not found') }
+        if (customName.path !== '/some-custom-path') { throw new Error('Page path not extracted') }
+
+        customName.meta ||= {}
+        customName.meta.someProp = true
+      })
+    },
     // To test falsy module values
     undefined,
   ],

test/fixtures/basic/pages/meta.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+definePageMeta({
+  name: 'some-custom-name',
+  path: '/some-custom-path',
+  validate: () => true,
+  middleware: [() => true],
+  otherValue: {
+    foo: 'bar',
+  },
+})
+
+const serialisedMeta: Record<string, string> = {}
+const meta = useRoute().meta
+for (const key in meta) {
+  if (Array.isArray(meta[key])) {
+    serialisedMeta[key] = meta[key].map((fn: Function) => fn.toString())
+    continue
+  }
+  if (typeof meta[key] === 'string') {
+    serialisedMeta[key] = meta[key]
+    continue
+  }
+  if (typeof meta[key] === 'object') {
+    serialisedMeta[key] = JSON.stringify(meta[key])
+    continue
+  }
+  if (typeof meta[key] === 'function') {
+    serialisedMeta[key] = meta[key].toString()
+    continue
+  }
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <pre>{{ serialisedMeta }}</pre>
+</template>

test/fixtures/basic/pages/nuxt-link/custom-external.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+const MyLink = defineNuxtLink({
+  componentName: 'MyLink',
+  trailingSlash: 'append',
+})
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div>
+    <div>
+      <MyLink to="https://thehackernews.com/2024/01/urgent-upgrade-gitlab-critical.html">
+        Trailing slashes should not be applied to implicit external links
+      </MyLink>
+    </div>
+    <div>
+      <NuxtLink
+        :to="{ path: 'https://thehackernews.com/2024/01/urgent-upgrade-gitlab-critical.html' }"
+        external
+      >
+        External links within route objects should be respected and not have trailing slashes applied
+      </NuxtLink>
+    </div>
+    <div>
+      <MyLink
+        :to="{ path: '/missing-page' }"
+        external
+      >
+        External links within route objects should be respected and have trailing slashes applied
+      </MyLink>
+    </div>
+    <div>
+      <MyLink
+        to="/missing-page"
+        external
+      >
+        External links should be respected and have trailing slashes applied
+      </MyLink>
+    </div>
+    <div>
+      <NuxtLink
+        custom
+        to="https://google.com"
+        external
+      >
+        <template #default="{ navigate }">
+          <button @click="navigate()">
+            Using navigate() with external link should work
+          </button>
+        </template>
+      </NuxtLink>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>

test/fixtures/basic/pages/tsx-page-meta.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<template>
+  <PageContent />
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="tsx">
+definePageMeta({})
+defineRouteRules({})
+const PageContent = () => (<div>Home Page</div>)
+</script>

test/nuxt/composables.test.ts

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ describe('app config', () => {
 describe('composables', () => {
   it('are all tested', () => {
     const testedComposables: string[] = [
+      'useRouteAnnouncer',
       'clearNuxtData',
       'refreshNuxtData',
       'useAsyncData',