Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into patch-21

2024-11-11 08:33:53 +00:00 · 2024-09-11 21:06:10 +01:00 · 2024-09-11 21:06:10 +01:00 · 889a5642fb
commit 889a5642fb
parent 74231878ea 03058b5132
146 changed files with 4764 additions and 4869 deletions
--- a/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
+++ b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM node:lts
+FROM node:lts@sha256:48db4f6ea21d134be744207225753a1730c4bc1b4cdf836d44511c36bf0e34d7

 RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -fy libnss3 libnspr4 libatk1.0-0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libcups2 libdbus-1-3 libdrm2 libxkbcommon0 libatspi2.0-0 libxcomposite1 libxdamage1 libxfixes3 libxrandr2 libgbm1 libasound2 && \
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ body:
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
-    id: additonal
+    id: additional
    attributes:
      label: Additional context
      description: If applicable, add any other context about the problem here
--- a/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
+++ b/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+paths:
+ - 'packages/*/dist/**'
+ - 'packages/nuxt/bin/**'
+ - 'packages/schema/schema/**'
+paths-ignore:
+ - 'test/**'
+ - '**/*.test.js'
+ - '**/*.test.ts'
+ - '**/*.test.tsx'
+ - '**/__tests__/**'
--- a/.github/workflows/cache-cleanup.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cache-cleanup.yml
@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ on:
    types:
      - closed

+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
  cleanup:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@ -20,14 +22,14 @@ jobs:
          gh extension install actions/gh-actions-cache

          echo "Fetching list of cache keys"
-          cacheKeysForPR=$(gh actions-cache list -R $REPO -B $BRANCH -L 100 | cut -f 1 )
+          cacheKeysForPR=$(gh actions-cache list -R "$REPO" -B "$BRANCH" -L 100 | cut -f 1 )

          ## Setting this to not fail the workflow while deleting cache keys.
          set +e
          echo "Deleting caches..."
          for cacheKey in $cacheKeysForPR
          do
-              gh actions-cache delete $cacheKey -R $REPO -B $BRANCH --confirm
+              gh actions-cache delete "$cacheKey" -R "$REPO" -B "$BRANCH" --confirm
          done
          echo "Done"
        env:
--- a/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
@ -6,9 +6,7 @@ on:
      - main
      - 3.x

-permissions:
-  pull-requests: write
-  contents: write
+permissions: {}

 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.number || github.sha }}
@ -19,6 +17,10 @@ jobs:
    if: github.repository_owner == 'nuxt' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'v3.') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'v4.')
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+      contents: write
+
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
        run: pnpm build

      - name: Cache dist
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@834a144ee995460fba8ed112a2fc961b36a5ec5a # v4.3.6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874 # v4.4.0
        with:
          retention-days: 3
          name: dist
@ -70,8 +70,6 @@ jobs:
      actions: read
      contents: read
      security-events: write
-    needs:
-      - build

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
@ -81,25 +79,26 @@ jobs:
          node-version: 20
          cache: "pnpm"

-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: pnpm install
-
      - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@883d8588e56d1753a8a58c1c86e88976f0c23449 # v3.26.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@4dd16135b69a43b6c8efb853346f8437d92d3c93 # v3.26.6
        with:
-          languages: javascript
+          config: |
+            paths:
+            - 'packages/*/src/**'
+            - 'packages/nuxt/bin/**'
+            - 'packages/schema/schema/**'
+            paths-ignore:
+            - 'test/**'
+            - '**/*.spec.ts'
+            - '**/*.test.ts'
+            - '**/__snapshots__/**'
+          languages: javascript-typescript
          queries: +security-and-quality

-      - name: Restore dist cache
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 # v4.1.8
-        with:
-          name: dist
-          path: packages
-
      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@883d8588e56d1753a8a58c1c86e88976f0c23449 # v3.26.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@4dd16135b69a43b6c8efb853346f8437d92d3c93 # v3.26.6
        with:
-          category: "/language:javascript"
+          category: "/language:javascript-typescript"

  typecheck:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
--- a/.github/workflows/docs-check-links.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs-check-links.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Check links with Lychee
+name: docs

 on:
  pull_request:
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7

      - name: Lychee link checker
-        uses: lycheeverse/lychee-action@25a231001d1723960a301b7d4c82884dc7ef857d # for v1.8.0
+        uses: lycheeverse/lychee-action@c38ba4f281730ee0d64e6963f49b708e01567b86 # for v1.8.0
        with:
          # arguments with file types to check
          args: >-
--- a/.github/workflows/docs-deploy.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs-deploy.yml
@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-name: Deploy docs
+name: docs

 on:
  push:
    paths:
      - "docs/**"
    branches:
-      - main
+      - 3.x

 # Remove default permissions of GITHUB_TOKEN for security
 # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-jobs/assigning-permissions-to-jobs
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Docs
+name: docs

 on:
  push:
--- a/.github/workflows/label-issue.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/label-issue.yml
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: chore
+
+on:
+  issues:
+    types:
+      - opened
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+
+jobs:
+  add-issue-labels:
+    name: Add labels
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: github.repository == 'nuxt/nuxt'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          script: |
+            // add 'pending triage' label if issue is created with no labels
+            if (context.payload.issue.labels.length === 0) {
+              github.rest.issues.addLabels({
+                issue_number: context.payload.issue.number,
+                owner: context.repo.owner,
+                repo: context.repo.repo,
+                labels: ['pending triage']
+              })
+            }
--- a/.github/workflows/label-pr.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/label-pr.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Label PR
+name: chore

 on:
  pull_request_target:
@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ on:
      - main
      - 3.x

+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
  add-pr-labels:
    name: Add PR labels
--- a/.github/workflows/lint-sherif.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint-sherif.yml
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "**/package.json"
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - 3.x
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "**/package.json"
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - 3.x
+      - "!v[0-9]*"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  lint-monorepo:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
+      - run: corepack enable
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@1e60f620b9541d16bece96c5465dc8ee9832be0b # v4.0.3
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          cache: "pnpm"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm install
+      - name: Lint monorepo
+        run: pnpm sherif -r multiple-dependency-versions
--- a/.github/workflows/lint-workflows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint-workflows.yml
@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
      # From https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint/blob/main/docs/usage.md#use-actionlint-on-github-actions
      - name: Check workflow files
-        run: |
-          bash <(curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rhysd/actionlint/590d3bd9dde0c91f7a66071d40eb84716526e5a6/scripts/download-actionlint.bash) 1.6.25
-          ./actionlint -color -shellcheck=""
+        uses: docker://rhysd/actionlint:1.7.1@sha256:435ecdb63b1169e80ca3e136290072548c07fc4d76a044cf5541021712f8f344
+        with:
+          args: -color
--- a/.github/workflows/notify-nuxt-bridge.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/notify-nuxt-bridge.yml
@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ on:
    types: [closed]
    paths:
      - "packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/**"
+
+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
  notify:
    if: github.event.pull_request.merged == true
--- a/.github/workflows/release-pr.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-pr.yml
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
          GH_REPO: ${{ github.repository }}
          COMMENT_AT: ${{ github.event.comment.created_at }}
        run: |
-          pr="$(gh api -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" /repos/${GH_REPO}/pulls/${PR_NUMBER})"
+          pr="$(gh api -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" /repos/"${GH_REPO}"/pulls/"${PR_NUMBER}")"
          head_sha="$(echo "$pr" | jq -r .head.sha)"
          updated_at="$(echo "$pr" | jq -r .updated_at)"

@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
              exit 1
          fi

-          echo "head_sha=$head_sha" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "head_sha=$head_sha" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
        with:
          ref: ${{ steps.pr.outputs.head_sha }}
--- a/.github/workflows/reproduire-sur-stackblitz.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/reproduire-sur-stackblitz.yml
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-name: reproduire-sur-stackblitz
-on:
-    issues:
-        types:
-            opened
-
-permissions:
-    issues: write
-
-jobs:
-    reproduire-sur-stackblitz:
-        runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-        steps:
-            - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-            - uses: huang-julien/reproduire-sur-stackblitz@v1.0.0
-              with:
-                reproduction-heading: '### Reproduction'
--- a/.github/workflows/reproduire.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/reproduire.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Reproduire
+name: chore
 on:
  issues:
    types: [labeled]
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # by a third-party and are governed by separate terms of service, privacy
 # policy, and support documentation.

-name: Scorecard supply-chain security
+name: ossf
 on:
  # For Branch-Protection check. Only the default branch is supported. See
  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#branch-protection
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
      # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
      # format to the repository Actions tab.
      - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@834a144ee995460fba8ed112a2fc961b36a5ec5a # v4.3.6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874 # v4.4.0
        if: github.repository == 'nuxt/nuxt' && success()
        with:
          name: SARIF file
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:

      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
      - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@883d8588e56d1753a8a58c1c86e88976f0c23449 # v3.26.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@4dd16135b69a43b6c8efb853346f8437d92d3c93 # v3.26.6
        if: github.repository == 'nuxt/nuxt' && success()
        with:
          sarif_file: results.sarif
--- a/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-requests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/semantic-pull-requests.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Semantic pull request
+name: chore

 on:
  pull_request_target:
@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ on:
      - edited
      - synchronize

-permissions:
-  contents: read
+permissions: {}

 jobs:
-  main:
+  semantic-pr:
    permissions:
+      contents: read
      pull-requests: read  # for amannn/action-semantic-pull-request to analyze PRs
      statuses: write  # for amannn/action-semantic-pull-request to mark status of analyzed PR
    if: github.repository == 'nuxt/nuxt' && !startsWith(github.head_ref, 'v')
--- a/.github/workflows/stackblitz-link.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stackblitz-link.yml
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+name: chore
+on:
+  issues:
+    types:
+      opened
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+
+jobs:
+  stackblitz:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
+      - uses: huang-julien/reproduire-sur-stackblitz@9ceccbfbb0f2f9a9a8db2d1f0dd909cf5cfe67aa # v1.0.2
+        with:
+          reproduction-heading: '### Reproduction'
--- a/.github/workflows/reproduire-close.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/reproduire-close.yml
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Close incomplete issues
+name: chore
 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  schedule:
--- a/docs/1.getting-started/4.styling.md
+++ b/docs/1.getting-started/4.styling.md
@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ Nuxt comes with postcss built-in. You can configure it in your `nuxt.config` fil
 export default defineNuxtConfig({
  postcss: {
    plugins: {
-      'postcss-nested': {}
-      "postcss-custom-media": {}
+      'postcss-nested': {},
+      'postcss-custom-media': {}
    }
  }
 })
--- a/docs/1.getting-started/8.error-handling.md
+++ b/docs/1.getting-started/8.error-handling.md
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ This includes:

 You cannot currently define a server-side handler for these errors, but can render an error page, see the [Render an Error Page](#error-page) section.

-## Errors with JS chunks
+## Errors with JS Chunks

 You might encounter chunk loading errors due to a network connectivity failure or a new deployment (which invalidates your old, hashed JS chunk URLs). Nuxt provides built-in support for handling chunk loading errors by performing a hard reload when a chunk fails to load during route navigation.

--- a/docs/2.guide/1.concepts/4.server-engine.md
+++ b/docs/2.guide/1.concepts/4.server-engine.md
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ While building Nuxt 3, we created a new server engine: [Nitro](https://nitro.unj

 It is shipped with many features:

- Cross-platform support for Node.js, Browsers, service-workers and more.
+- Cross-platform support for Node.js, browsers, service workers and more.
 - Serverless support out-of-the-box.
 - API routes support.
 - Automatic code-splitting and async-loaded chunks.
--- a/docs/2.guide/2.directory-structure/3.app-config.md
+++ b/docs/2.guide/2.directory-structure/3.app-config.md
@ -121,3 +121,37 @@ export default defineAppConfig({
 ```

 ::
+
+## Known Limitations
+
+As of Nuxt v3.3, the `app.config.ts` file is shared with Nitro, which results in the following limitations:
+
+1. You cannot import Vue components directly in `app.config.ts`.
+2. Some auto-imports are not available in the Nitro context.
+
+These limitations occur because Nitro processes the app config without full Vue component support.
+
+While it's possible to use Vite plugins in the Nitro config as a workaround, this approach is not recommended:
+
+```ts [nuxt.config.ts]
+export default defineNuxtConfig({
+  nitro: {
+    vite: {
+      plugins: [vue()]
+    }
+  }
+})
+```
+
+::warning
+Using this workaround may lead to unexpected behavior and bugs. The Vue plugin is one of many that are not available in the Nitro context.
+::
+
+Related issues:
+- [Issue #19858](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/issues/19858)
+- [Issue #19854](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/issues/19854)
+
+::info
+Nitro v3 will resolve these limitations by removing support for the app config.
+You can track the progress in [this pull request](https://github.com/unjs/nitro/pull/2521).
+::
--- a/docs/2.guide/3.going-further/1.experimental-features.md
+++ b/docs/2.guide/3.going-further/1.experimental-features.md
@ -359,3 +359,34 @@ export default defineNuxtConfig({
 ::read-more{icon="i-simple-icons-mdnwebdocs" color="gray" to="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CookieStore" target="_blank"}
 Read more about the **CookieStore**.
 ::
+
+## buildCache
+
+Caches Nuxt build artifacts based on a hash of the configuration and source files.
+
+```ts twoslash [nuxt.config.ts]
+export default defineNuxtConfig({
+  experimental: {
+    buildCache: true
+  }
+})
+```
+
+When enabled, changes to the following files will trigger a full rebuild:
+
+```bash [Directory structure]
+.nuxtrc
+.npmrc
+package.json
+package-lock.json
+yarn.lock
+pnpm-lock.yaml
+tsconfig.json
+bun.lockb
+```
+
+In addition, any changes to files within `srcDir` will trigger a rebuild of the Vue client/server bundle. Nitro will always be rebuilt (though work is in progress to allow Nitro to announce its cacheable artifacts and their hashes).
+
+::note
+A maximum of 10 cache tarballs are kept.
+::
--- a/docs/2.guide/4.recipes/1.custom-routing.md
+++ b/docs/2.guide/4.recipes/1.custom-routing.md
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export default {
    {
      name: 'home',
      path: '/',
-      component: () => import('~/pages/home.vue').then(r => r.default || r)
+      component: () => import('~/pages/home.vue')
    }
  ],
 } satisfies RouterConfig
--- a/docs/3.api/1.components/10.nuxt-picture.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/1.components/10.nuxt-picture.md
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: "Nuxt provides a <NuxtPicture> component to handle automatic image
 links:
  - label: Source
    icon: i-simple-icons-github
-    to: https://github.com/nuxt/image/blob/main/src/runtime/components/nuxt-picture.ts
+    to: https://github.com/nuxt/image/blob/main/src/runtime/components/NuxtPicture.vue
    size: xs
 ---

--- a/docs/3.api/1.components/9.nuxt-img.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/1.components/9.nuxt-img.md
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: "Nuxt provides a <NuxtImg> component to handle automatic image opti
 links:
  - label: Source
    icon: i-simple-icons-github
-    to: https://github.com/nuxt/image/blob/main/src/runtime/components/nuxt-img.ts
+    to: https://github.com/nuxt/image/blob/main/src/runtime/components/NuxtImg.vue
    size: xs
 ---

--- a/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-async-data.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-async-data.md
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ function useAsyncData<DataT, DataE>(
  key: string,
  handler: (nuxtApp?: NuxtApp) => Promise<DataT>,
  options?: AsyncDataOptions<DataT>
-): Promise<AsyncData<DataT, DataE>
+): Promise<AsyncData<DataT, DataE>>

 type AsyncDataOptions<DataT> = {
  server?: boolean
--- a/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-fetch.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-fetch.md
@ -70,6 +70,10 @@ const { data, status, error, refresh, clear } = await useFetch('/api/auth/login'
 `useFetch` is a reserved function name transformed by the compiler, so you should not name your own function `useFetch`.
 ::

+::warning
+If you encounter the `data` variable destructured from a `useFetch` returns a string and not a JSON parsed object then make sure your component doesn't include an import statement like `import { useFetch } from '@vueuse/core`.
+::
+
 ::tip{icon="i-ph-video-duotone" to="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njsGVmcWviY" target="_blank"}
 Watch the video from Alexander Lichter to avoid using `useFetch` the wrong way!
 ::
--- a/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-route.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/2.composables/use-route.md
@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Apart from dynamic parameters and query parameters, `useRoute()` also provides t

 - `fullPath`: encoded URL associated with the current route that contains path, query and hash
 - `hash`: decoded hash section of the URL that starts with a #
+- `query`: access route query parameters
 - `matched`: array of normalized matched routes with current route location
 - `meta`: custom data attached to the record
 - `name`: unique name for the route record
--- a/docs/3.api/6.advanced/1.hooks.md
+++ b/docs/3.api/6.advanced/1.hooks.md
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Hook                   | Arguments           | Environment     | Description

 ## Nuxt Hooks (build time)

-Check the [schema source code](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/main/packages/schema/src/types/hooks.ts#L53) for all available hooks.
+Check the [schema source code](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/main/packages/schema/src/types/hooks.ts#L83) for all available hooks.

 Hook                     | Arguments                  | Description
 -------------------------|----------------------------|-------------
--- a/docs/5.community/5.framework-contribution.md
+++ b/docs/5.community/5.framework-contribution.md
@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ To contribute to Nuxt, you need to set up a local environment.
    ```bash [Terminal]
    corepack enable
    ```
-4. Run `pnpm install` to Install the dependencies with pnpm:
+4. Run `pnpm install --frozen-lockfile` to Install the dependencies with pnpm:
    ```bash [Terminal]
-    pnpm install
+    pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
    ```
    ::note
    If you are adding a dependency, please use `pnpm add`. :br
--- a/docs/5.community/6.roadmap.md
+++ b/docs/5.community/6.roadmap.md
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ In addition to the Nuxt framework, there are modules that are vital for the ecos

 Module                              | Status              | Nuxt Support | Repository | Description
 ------------------------------------|---------------------|--------------|------------|-------------------
-[Scripts](https://scripts.nuxt.com) | Public Preview      | 3.x          | [nuxt/scripts](https://github.com/nuxt/scripts) | Easy 3rd party script management.
+[Scripts](https://scripts.nuxt.com) | Public Beta         | 3.x          | [nuxt/scripts](https://github.com/nuxt/scripts) | Easy 3rd party script management.
 A11y                                | Planned             | 3.x          | `nuxt/a11y` to be announced | Accessibility hinting and utilities [nuxt/nuxt#23255](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/issues/23255)
 Auth                                | Planned             | 3.x          | `nuxt/auth` to be announced | Support is planned after session support.
 Hints                               | Planned             | 3.x          | `nuxt/hints` to be announced | Guidance and suggestions for enhancing development practices.
--- a/docs/5.community/7.changelog.md
+++ b/docs/5.community/7.changelog.md
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ navigation.icon: i-ph-notification-duotone
  target: _blank
  ui.icon.base: text-black dark:text-white
  ---
-  Nuxt Scripts releases. (Public Preview)
+  Nuxt Scripts releases.
  ::
  ::card
  ---
--- a/nuxt.config.ts
+++ b/nuxt.config.ts
@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 // For pnpm typecheck:docs to generate correct types

-import { addPluginTemplate } from 'nuxt/kit'
+import { addPluginTemplate, addRouteMiddleware } from 'nuxt/kit'

 export default defineNuxtConfig({
  typescript: { shim: process.env.DOCS_TYPECHECK === 'true' },
  pages: process.env.DOCS_TYPECHECK === 'true',
  modules: [
    function () {
+      if (!process.env.DOCS_TYPECHECK) { return }
      addPluginTemplate({
        filename: 'plugins/my-plugin.mjs',
        getContents: () => 'export default defineNuxtPlugin({ name: \'my-plugin\' })',
      })
+      addRouteMiddleware({
+        name: 'auth',
+        path: '#build/auth.js',
+      })
    },
  ],
 })
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@ -39,74 +39,74 @@
    "@nuxt/ui-templates": "workspace:*",
    "@nuxt/vite-builder": "workspace:*",
    "@nuxt/webpack-builder": "workspace:*",
-    "@types/node": "20.16.1",
-    "c12": "2.0.0-beta.1",
+    "@types/node": "20.16.5",
+    "c12": "2.0.0-beta.2",
    "h3": "npm:h3-nightly@2.0.0-1718872656.6765a6e",
    "jiti": "2.0.0-beta.3",
    "magic-string": "^0.30.11",
    "nitro": "npm:nitro-nightly@3.0.0-beta-28665895.e727afda",
    "nuxt": "workspace:*",
-    "rollup": "^4.21.0",
-    "typescript": "5.5.4",
+    "postcss": "8.4.45",
+    "rollup": "4.21.2",
+    "send": ">=0.19.0",
+    "typescript": "5.6.2",
+    "ufo": "1.5.4",
    "unbuild": "3.0.0-rc.7",
-    "vite": "5.4.1",
-    "vue": "3.5.0-beta.1",
-    "@vue/compiler-core": "3.5.0-beta.1",
-    "@vue/compiler-dom": "3.5.0-beta.1",
-    "@vue/compiler-sfc": "3.5.0-beta.1",
-    "@vue/compiler-ssr": "3.5.0-beta.1",
-    "@vue/shared": "3.5.0-beta.1"
+    "vite": "5.4.4",
+    "vue": "3.5.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@eslint/js": "9.9.0",
-    "@nuxt/eslint-config": "0.5.1",
+    "@eslint/js": "9.10.0",
+    "@nuxt/eslint-config": "0.5.7",
    "@nuxt/kit": "workspace:*",
-    "@nuxt/test-utils": "3.14.1",
+    "@nuxt/test-utils": "3.14.2",
    "@nuxt/webpack-builder": "workspace:*",
    "@testing-library/vue": "8.1.0",
    "@types/eslint__js": "8.42.3",
-    "@types/node": "20.16.1",
+    "@types/node": "20.16.5",
    "@types/semver": "7.5.8",
-    "@unhead/schema": "1.9.16",
-    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.1.2",
+    "@unhead/schema": "1.11.2",
+    "@unhead/vue": "1.11.2",
+    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.1.3",
    "@vitest/coverage-v8": "2.0.5",
    "@vue/test-utils": "2.4.6",
    "autoprefixer": "10.4.20",
    "case-police": "0.7.0",
    "changelogen": "0.5.5",
    "consola": "3.2.3",
-    "cssnano": "7.0.5",
+    "cssnano": "7.0.6",
    "destr": "2.0.3",
    "devalue": "5.0.0",
-    "eslint": "9.9.0",
+    "eslint": "9.10.0",
    "eslint-plugin-no-only-tests": "3.3.0",
-    "eslint-plugin-perfectionist": "3.2.0",
-    "eslint-typegen": "0.3.1",
-    "execa": "9.3.1",
-    "globby": "14.0.2",
+    "eslint-plugin-perfectionist": "3.5.0",
+    "eslint-typegen": "0.3.2",
    "h3": "npm:h3-nightly@2.0.0-1718872656.6765a6e",
-    "happy-dom": "14.12.3",
+    "happy-dom": "15.7.3",
    "jiti": "2.0.0-beta.3",
    "markdownlint-cli": "0.41.0",
    "nitro": "npm:nitro-nightly@3.0.0-beta-28665895.e727afda",
-    "nuxi": "3.12.0",
+    "nuxi": "3.13.1",
    "nuxt": "workspace:*",
    "nuxt-content-twoslash": "0.1.1",
    "ofetch": "1.3.4",
    "pathe": "1.1.2",
-    "playwright-core": "1.46.1",
+    "playwright-core": "1.47.0",
    "rimraf": "6.0.1",
    "semver": "7.6.3",
+    "sherif": "1.0.0",
    "std-env": "3.7.0",
-    "typescript": "5.5.4",
+    "tinyexec": "0.3.0",
+    "tinyglobby": "0.2.6",
+    "typescript": "5.6.2",
    "ufo": "1.5.4",
    "vitest": "2.0.5",
    "vitest-environment-nuxt": "1.0.1",
-    "vue": "3.4.38",
-    "vue-router": "4.4.3",
-    "vue-tsc": "2.0.29"
+    "vue": "3.5.4",
+    "vue-router": "4.4.4",
+    "vue-tsc": "2.1.6"
  },
-  "packageManager": "pnpm@9.7.1",
+  "packageManager": "pnpm@9.10.0",
  "engines": {
    "node": "^16.10.0 || >=18.0.0"
  },
--- a/packages/kit/package.json
+++ b/packages/kit/package.json
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@nuxt/schema": "workspace:*",
-    "c12": "^2.0.0-beta.1",
+    "c12": "^2.0.0-beta.2",
    "consola": "^3.2.3",
    "defu": "^6.1.4",
    "destr": "^2.0.3",
@ -39,12 +39,12 @@
    "klona": "^2.0.6",
    "mlly": "^1.7.1",
    "pathe": "^1.1.2",
-    "pkg-types": "^1.1.3",
+    "pkg-types": "^1.2.0",
    "scule": "^1.3.0",
    "semver": "^7.6.3",
    "ufo": "^1.5.4",
    "unctx": "^2.3.1",
-    "unimport": "^3.10.0",
+    "unimport": "^3.11.1",
    "untyped": "^1.4.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
@ -52,9 +52,9 @@
    "@types/semver": "7.5.8",
    "nitro": "npm:nitro-nightly@3.0.0-beta-28665895.e727afda",
    "unbuild": "3.0.0-rc.7",
-    "vite": "5.4.1",
+    "vite": "5.4.4",
    "vitest": "2.0.5",
-    "webpack": "5.93.0"
+    "webpack": "5.94.0"
  },
  "engines": {
    "node": "^14.18.0 || >=16.10.0"
--- a/packages/kit/src/components.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/components.ts
@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ import { logger } from './logger'

 /**
 * Register a directory to be scanned for components and imported only when used.
- *
- * Requires Nuxt 2.13+
 */
 export async function addComponentsDir (dir: ComponentsDir, opts: { prepend?: boolean } = {}) {
  const nuxt = useNuxt()
@ -23,8 +21,6 @@ export type AddComponentOptions = { name: string, filePath: string } & Partial<E

 /**
 * Register a component by its name and filePath.
- *
- * Requires Nuxt 2.13+
 */
 export async function addComponent (opts: AddComponentOptions) {
  const nuxt = useNuxt()
--- a/packages/kit/src/imports.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/imports.ts
@ -1,20 +1,15 @@
 import type { Import } from 'unimport'
 import type { ImportPresetWithDeprecation } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import { useNuxt } from './context'
-import { assertNuxtCompatibility } from './compatibility'
 import { toArray } from './utils'

 export function addImports (imports: Import | Import[]) {
-  assertNuxtCompatibility({ bridge: true })
-
  useNuxt().hook('imports:extend', (_imports) => {
    _imports.push(...toArray(imports))
  })
 }

 export function addImportsDir (dirs: string | string[], opts: { prepend?: boolean } = {}) {
-  assertNuxtCompatibility({ bridge: true })
-
  useNuxt().hook('imports:dirs', (_dirs: string[]) => {
    for (const dir of toArray(dirs)) {
      _dirs[opts.prepend ? 'unshift' : 'push'](dir)
@ -22,8 +17,6 @@ export function addImportsDir (dirs: string | string[], opts: { prepend?: boolea
  })
 }
 export function addImportsSources (presets: ImportPresetWithDeprecation | ImportPresetWithDeprecation[]) {
-  assertNuxtCompatibility({ bridge: true })
-
  useNuxt().hook('imports:sources', (_presets: ImportPresetWithDeprecation[]) => {
    for (const preset of toArray(presets)) {
      _presets.push(preset)
--- a/packages/kit/src/layout.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/layout.ts
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { useNuxt } from './context'
 import { logger } from './logger'
 import { addTemplate } from './template'

-export function addLayout (this: any, template: NuxtTemplate | string, name?: string) {
+export function addLayout (template: NuxtTemplate | string, name?: string) {
  const nuxt = useNuxt()
  const { filename, src } = addTemplate(template)
  const layoutName = kebabCase(name || parse(filename).name).replace(/["']/g, '')
--- a/packages/kit/src/loader/config.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/loader/config.ts
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { existsSync } from 'node:fs'
 import type { JSValue } from 'untyped'
 import { applyDefaults } from 'untyped'
 import type { ConfigLayer, ConfigLayerMeta, LoadConfigOptions } from 'c12'
@ -6,6 +7,7 @@ import type { NuxtConfig, NuxtOptions } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import { NuxtConfigSchema } from '@nuxt/schema'
 import { globby } from 'globby'
 import defu from 'defu'
+import { join } from 'pathe'

 export interface LoadNuxtConfigOptions extends Omit<LoadConfigOptions<NuxtConfig>, 'overrides'> {
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-function-type
@ -47,6 +49,11 @@ export async function loadNuxtConfig (opts: LoadNuxtConfigOptions): Promise<Nuxt
  nuxtConfig._nuxtConfigFile = configFile
  nuxtConfig._nuxtConfigFiles = [configFile]

+  const defaultBuildDir = join(nuxtConfig.rootDir!, '.nuxt')
+  if (!opts.overrides?._prepare && !nuxtConfig.dev && !nuxtConfig.buildDir && existsSync(defaultBuildDir)) {
+    nuxtConfig.buildDir = join(nuxtConfig.rootDir!, 'node_modules/.cache/nuxt/.nuxt')
+  }
+
  const _layers: ConfigLayer<NuxtConfig, ConfigLayerMeta>[] = []
  const processedLayers = new Set<string>()
  for (const layer of layers) {
--- a/packages/kit/src/module/define.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/module/define.ts
@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ function _defineNuxtModule<
  }

  // Module format is always a simple function
-  async function normalizedModule (this: any, inlineOptions: Partial<TOptions>, nuxt: Nuxt): Promise<ModuleSetupReturn> {
+  async function normalizedModule (inlineOptions: Partial<TOptions>, nuxt = tryUseNuxt()!): Promise<ModuleSetupReturn> {
    if (!nuxt) {
-      nuxt = tryUseNuxt() || this.nuxt /* invoked by nuxt 2 */
+      throw new TypeError('Cannot use module outside of Nuxt context')
    }

    // Avoid duplicate installs
--- a/packages/kit/src/template.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/src/template.ts
@ -320,11 +320,6 @@ export async function writeTypes (nuxt: Nuxt) {
    await fsp.writeFile(declarationPath, GeneratedBy + '\n' + declaration)
  }

-  // This is needed for Nuxt 2 which clears the build directory again before building
-  // https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/blob/2.x/packages/builder/src/builder.js#L144
-  // @ts-expect-error TODO: Nuxt 2 hook
-  nuxt.hook('builder:prepared', writeFile)
-
  await writeFile()
 }

--- a/packages/nuxt/package.json
+++ b/packages/nuxt/package.json
@ -60,17 +60,18 @@
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@nuxt/devalue": "^2.0.2",
-    "@nuxt/devtools": "^1.3.9",
+    "@nuxt/devtools": "^1.4.2",
    "@nuxt/kit": "workspace:*",
    "@nuxt/schema": "workspace:*",
-    "@nuxt/telemetry": "^2.5.4",
+    "@nuxt/telemetry": "^2.6.0",
    "@nuxt/vite-builder": "workspace:*",
-    "@unhead/dom": "^1.9.16",
-    "@unhead/ssr": "^1.9.16",
-    "@unhead/vue": "^1.9.16",
-    "@vue/shared": "^3.4.38",
+    "@unhead/dom": "^1.11.2",
+    "@unhead/shared": "^1.11.2",
+    "@unhead/ssr": "^1.11.2",
+    "@unhead/vue": "^1.11.2",
+    "@vue/shared": "^3.5.4",
    "acorn": "8.12.1",
-    "c12": "^2.0.0-beta.1",
+    "c12": "^2.0.0-beta.2",
    "chokidar": "^3.6.0",
    "compatx": "^0.1.8",
    "consola": "^3.2.3",
@ -86,48 +87,52 @@
    "h3": "npm:h3-nightly@2.0.0-1718872656.6765a6e",
    "hookable": "^5.5.3",
    "ignore": "^5.3.2",
+    "impound": "^0.1.0",
    "jiti": "^2.0.0-beta.3",
    "klona": "^2.0.6",
    "knitwork": "^1.1.0",
    "magic-string": "^0.30.11",
    "mlly": "^1.7.1",
+    "nanotar": "^0.1.1",
    "nitro": "npm:nitro-nightly@3.0.0-beta-28665895.e727afda",
-    "nuxi": "^3.12.0",
-    "nypm": "^0.3.9",
+    "nuxi": "^3.13.1",
+    "nypm": "^0.3.11",
    "ofetch": "^1.3.4",
    "ohash": "^1.1.3",
    "pathe": "^1.1.2",
    "perfect-debounce": "^1.0.0",
-    "pkg-types": "^1.1.3",
+    "pkg-types": "^1.2.0",
    "radix3": "^1.1.2",
    "scule": "^1.3.0",
    "semver": "^7.6.3",
    "std-env": "^3.7.0",
    "strip-literal": "^2.1.0",
+    "tinyglobby": "0.2.6",
    "ufo": "^1.5.4",
    "ultrahtml": "^1.5.3",
    "uncrypto": "^0.1.3",
    "unctx": "^2.3.1",
    "unenv": "^1.10.0",
-    "unimport": "^3.10.0",
-    "unplugin": "^1.12.2",
-    "unplugin-vue-router": "^0.10.7",
-    "unstorage": "^1.10.2",
+    "unhead": "^1.11.2",
+    "unimport": "^3.11.1",
+    "unplugin": "^1.14.1",
+    "unplugin-vue-router": "^0.10.8",
+    "unstorage": "^1.12.0",
    "untyped": "^1.4.2",
-    "vue": "^3.4.38",
+    "vue": "^3.5.4",
    "vue-bundle-renderer": "^2.1.0",
    "vue-devtools-stub": "^0.1.0",
-    "vue-router": "^4.4.3"
+    "vue-router": "^4.4.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@nuxt/scripts": "0.6.6",
+    "@nuxt/scripts": "0.8.5",
    "@nuxt/ui-templates": "1.3.4",
    "@parcel/watcher": "2.4.1",
    "@types/estree": "1.0.5",
-    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.1.2",
-    "@vue/compiler-sfc": "3.4.38",
+    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.1.3",
+    "@vue/compiler-sfc": "3.5.4",
    "unbuild": "3.0.0-rc.7",
-    "vite": "5.4.1",
+    "vite": "5.4.4",
    "vitest": "2.0.5"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/dev-only.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/dev-only.ts
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { defineComponent } from 'vue'

 export default defineComponent({
  name: 'DevOnly',
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  setup (_, props) {
    if (import.meta.dev) {
      return () => props.slots.default?.()
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/island-renderer.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/island-renderer.ts
@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 import type { defineAsyncComponent } from 'vue'
 import { createVNode, defineComponent, onErrorCaptured } from 'vue'

+import { injectHead } from '@unhead/vue'
 import { createError } from '../composables/error'

 // @ts-expect-error virtual file
 import { islandComponents } from '#build/components.islands.mjs'

 export default defineComponent({
+  name: 'IslandRenderer',
  props: {
    context: {
      type: Object as () => { name: string, props?: Record<string, any> },
@ -14,6 +16,10 @@ export default defineComponent({
    },
  },
  setup (props) {
+    // reset head - we don't want to have any head tags from plugin or anywhere else.
+    const head = injectHead()
+    head.headEntries().splice(0, head.headEntries().length)
+
    const component = islandComponents[props.context.name] as ReturnType<typeof defineAsyncComponent>

    if (!component) {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-error-boundary.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-error-boundary.ts
@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { defineComponent, onErrorCaptured, ref } from 'vue'
 import { useNuxtApp } from '../nuxt'

 export default defineComponent({
+  name: 'NuxtErrorBoundary',
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  emits: {
    error (_error: unknown) {
      return true
@ -11,14 +13,16 @@ export default defineComponent({
    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
    const nuxtApp = useNuxtApp()

+    if (import.meta.client) {
      onErrorCaptured((err, target, info) => {
-      if (import.meta.client && (!nuxtApp.isHydrating || !nuxtApp.payload.serverRendered)) {
+        if (!nuxtApp.isHydrating || !nuxtApp.payload.serverRendered) {
          emit('error', err)
          nuxtApp.hooks.callHook('vue:error', err, target, info)
          error.value = err
          return false
        }
      })
+    }

    function clearError () {
      error.value = null
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-error-page.vue
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-error-page.vue
@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ const description = _error.message || _error.toString()
 const stack = import.meta.dev && !is404 ? _error.description || `<pre>${stacktrace}</pre>` : undefined

 // TODO: Investigate side-effect issue with imports
-const _Error404 = defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-404.vue').then(r => r.default || r))
+const _Error404 = defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-404.vue'))
 const _Error = import.meta.dev
-  ? defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-dev.vue').then(r => r.default || r))
-  : defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-500.vue').then(r => r.default || r))
+  ? defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-dev.vue'))
+  : defineAsyncComponent(() => import('./error-500.vue'))

 const ErrorTemplate = is404 ? _Error404 : _Error
 </script>
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-island.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-island.ts
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Fragment, Teleport, computed, createStaticVNode, createVNode, defineCom
 import { debounce } from 'perfect-debounce'
 import { hash } from 'ohash'
 import { appendResponseHeader } from 'h3'
-import { useHead } from '@unhead/vue'
+import { injectHead } from '@unhead/vue'
 import { randomUUID } from 'uncrypto'
 import { joinURL, withQuery } from 'ufo'
 import type { FetchResponse } from 'ofetch'
@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ async function loadComponents (source = appBaseURL, paths: NuxtIslandResponse['c

 export default defineComponent({
  name: 'NuxtIsland',
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  props: {
    name: {
      type: String,
@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ export default defineComponent({
      if (result.props) { toRevive.props = result.props }
      if (result.slots) { toRevive.slots = result.slots }
      if (result.components) { toRevive.components = result.components }
-
+      if (result.head) { toRevive.head = result.head }
      nuxtApp.payload.data[key] = {
        __nuxt_island: {
          key,
@ -158,8 +159,7 @@ export default defineComponent({
      return html
    })

-    const cHead = ref<Record<'link' | 'style', Array<Record<string, string>>>>({ link: [], style: [] })
-    useHead(cHead)
+    const head = injectHead()

    async function _fetchComponent (force = false) {
      const key = `${props.name}_${hashId.value}`
@ -199,8 +199,7 @@ export default defineComponent({
      }
      try {
        const res: NuxtIslandResponse = await nuxtApp[pKey][uid.value]
-        cHead.value.link = res.head.link
-        cHead.value.style = res.head.style
+
        ssrHTML.value = res.html.replaceAll(DATA_ISLAND_UID_RE, `data-island-uid="${uid.value}"`)
        key.value++
        error.value = null
@ -248,6 +247,14 @@ export default defineComponent({
      await loadComponents(props.source, payloads.components)
    }

+    if (import.meta.server || nuxtApp.isHydrating) {
+      // re-push head into active head instance
+      const responseHead = (nuxtApp.payload.data[`${props.name}_${hashId.value}`] as NuxtIslandResponse)?.head
+      if (responseHead) {
+        head.push(responseHead)
+      }
+    }
+
    return (_ctx: any, _cache: any) => {
      if (!html.value || error.value) {
        return [slots.fallback?.({ error: error.value }) ?? createVNode('div')]
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-link.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-link.ts
@ -253,10 +253,7 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
      },
      prefetchOn: {
        type: [String, Object] as PropType<NuxtLinkProps['prefetchOn']>,
-        default: options.prefetchOn || {
-          visibility: true,
-          interaction: false,
-        } satisfies NuxtLinkProps['prefetchOn'],
+        default: undefined,
        required: false,
      },
      noPrefetch: {
@ -384,13 +381,15 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
            replace: props.replace,
            ariaCurrentValue: props.ariaCurrentValue,
            custom: props.custom,
-            onPointerenter: shouldPrefetch('interaction') ? prefetch.bind(null, undefined) : undefined,
-            onFocus: shouldPrefetch('interaction') ? prefetch.bind(null, undefined) : undefined,
          }

          // `custom` API cannot support fallthrough attributes as the slot
          // may render fragment or text root nodes (#14897, #19375)
          if (!props.custom) {
+            if (shouldPrefetch('interaction')) {
+              routerLinkProps.onPointerenter = prefetch.bind(null, undefined)
+              routerLinkProps.onFocus = prefetch.bind(null, undefined)
+            }
            if (prefetched.value) {
              routerLinkProps.class = props.prefetchedClass || options.prefetchedClass
            }
@ -430,6 +429,7 @@ export function defineNuxtLink (options: NuxtLinkOptions) {
          return slots.default({
            href: href.value,
            navigate,
+            prefetch,
            get route () {
              if (!href.value) { return undefined }

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-teleport-island-component.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-teleport-island-component.ts
@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export const NuxtTeleportIslandSymbol = Symbol('NuxtTeleportIslandComponent') as
 /* @__PURE__ */
 export default defineComponent({
  name: 'NuxtTeleportIslandComponent',
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  props: {
    to: {
      type: String,
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-teleport-island-slot.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/nuxt-teleport-island-slot.ts
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { NuxtTeleportIslandSymbol } from './nuxt-teleport-island-component'
 /* @__PURE__ */
 export default defineComponent({
  name: 'NuxtTeleportIslandSlot',
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  props: {
    name: {
      type: String,
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/route-provider.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/route-provider.ts
@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export const RouteProvider = defineComponent({
    for (const key in props.route) {
      Object.defineProperty(route, key, {
        get: () => previousKey === props.renderKey ? props.route[key as keyof RouteLocationNormalizedLoaded] : previousRoute[key as keyof RouteLocationNormalizedLoaded],
+        enumerable: true,
      })
    }

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/test-component-wrapper.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/components/test-component-wrapper.ts
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { devRootDir } from '#build/nuxt.config.mjs'

 export default (url: string) => defineComponent({
  name: 'NuxtTestComponentWrapper',
-
+  inheritAttrs: false,
  async setup (props, { attrs }) {
    const query = parseQuery(new URL(url, 'http://localhost').search)
    const urlProps = query.props ? destr<Record<string, any>>(query.props as string) : {}
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/asyncData.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/asyncData.ts
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { computed, getCurrentInstance, getCurrentScope, onBeforeMount, onScopeDispose, onServerPrefetch, onUnmounted, ref, shallowRef, toRef, unref, watch } from 'vue'
-import type { Ref, WatchSource } from 'vue'
+import type { MultiWatchSources, Ref } from 'vue'
 import type { NuxtApp } from '../nuxt'
 import { useNuxtApp } from '../nuxt'
 import { toArray } from '../utils'
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export type KeysOf<T> = Array<

 export type KeyOfRes<Transform extends _Transform> = KeysOf<ReturnType<Transform>>

-export type MultiWatchSources = (WatchSource<unknown> | object)[]
+export type { MultiWatchSources }

 export type NoInfer<T> = [T][T extends any ? 0 : never]

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/component.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/component.ts
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ async function runLegacyAsyncData (res: Record<string, any> | Promise<Record<str
  const { fetchKey, _fetchKeyBase } = vm.proxy!.$options
  const key = (typeof fetchKey === 'function' ? fetchKey(() => '') : fetchKey) ||
    ([_fetchKeyBase, route.fullPath, route.matched.findIndex(r => Object.values(r.components || {}).includes(vm.type))].join(':'))
-  const { data, error } = await useAsyncData(`options:asyncdata:${key}`, () => nuxtApp.runWithContext(() => fn(nuxtApp)))
+  const { data, error } = await useAsyncData(`options:asyncdata:${key}`, () => import.meta.server ? nuxtApp.runWithContext(() => fn(nuxtApp)) : fn(nuxtApp))
  if (error.value) {
    throw createError(error.value)
  }
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/cookie.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/cookie.ts
@ -103,9 +103,18 @@ export function useCookie<T = string | null | undefined> (name: string, _opts?:
    }

    if (store) {
+      /* event is of type CookieChangeEvent */
      const changeHandler = (event: any) => {
-        const cookie = event.changed.find((c: any) => c.name === name)
-        if (cookie) { handleChange({ value: cookie.value }) }
+        const changedCookie = event.changed.find((c: any) => c.name === name)
+        const removedCookie = event.deleted.find((c: any) => c.name === name)
+
+        if (changedCookie) {
+          handleChange({ value: changedCookie.value })
+        }
+
+        if (removedCookie) {
+          handleChange({ value: null })
+        }
      }
      store.addEventListener('change', changeHandler)
      if (hasScope) {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/error.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/composables/error.ts
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const clearError = async (options: { redirect?: string } = {}) => {

 /** @since 3.0.0 */
 export const isNuxtError = <DataT = unknown>(
-  error?: string | object,
+  error: unknown,
 ): error is NuxtError<DataT> => !!error && typeof error === 'object' && NUXT_ERROR_SIGNATURE in error

 /** @since 3.0.0 */
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/config.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/config.ts
@ -11,6 +11,15 @@ type DeepPartial<T> = T extends Function ? T : T extends Record<string, any> ? {
 // Workaround for vite HMR with virtual modules
 export const _getAppConfig = () => __appConfig as AppConfig

+function isPojoOrArray (val: unknown): val is object {
+  return (
+    Array.isArray(val) ||
+    (!!val &&
+      typeof val === 'object' &&
+      val.constructor?.name === 'Object')
+  )
+}
+
 function deepDelete (obj: any, newObj: any) {
  for (const key in obj) {
    const val = newObj[key]
@ -18,7 +27,7 @@ function deepDelete (obj: any, newObj: any) {
      delete (obj as any)[key]
    }

-    if (val !== null && typeof val === 'object') {
+    if (isPojoOrArray(val)) {
      deepDelete(obj[key], newObj[key])
    }
  }
@ -27,7 +36,7 @@ function deepDelete (obj: any, newObj: any) {
 function deepAssign (obj: any, newObj: any) {
  for (const key in newObj) {
    const val = newObj[key]
-    if (val !== null && typeof val === 'object') {
+    if (isPojoOrArray(val)) {
      const defaultVal = Array.isArray(val) ? [] : {}
      obj[key] = obj[key] || defaultVal
      deepAssign(obj[key], val)
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/entry.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/entry.ts
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { createApp, createSSRApp, nextTick } from 'vue'
 import type { App } from 'vue'

 // This file must be imported first as we set globalThis.$fetch via this import
+// @ts-expect-error virtual file
 import '#build/fetch.mjs'

 import { applyPlugins, createNuxtApp } from './nuxt'
@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ import type { CreateOptions } from './nuxt'

 import { createError } from './composables/error'

+// @ts-expect-error virtual file
 import '#build/css'
 // @ts-expect-error virtual file
 import plugins from '#build/plugins'
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/nuxt.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/nuxt.ts
@ -18,10 +18,9 @@ import type { AsyncDataRequestStatus } from '../app/composables/asyncData'
 import type { NuxtAppManifestMeta } from '../app/composables/manifest'
 import type { LoadingIndicator } from '../app/composables/loading-indicator'
 import type { RouteAnnouncer } from '../app/composables/route-announcer'
-import type { ViewTransition } from './plugins/view-transitions.client'

 // @ts-expect-error virtual file
-import { appId, multiApp } from '#build/nuxt.config.mjs'
+import { appId, chunkErrorEvent, multiApp } from '#build/nuxt.config.mjs'

 import type { NuxtAppLiterals } from '#app'

@ -267,6 +266,7 @@ export function createNuxtApp (options: CreateOptions) {
      get vue () { return nuxtApp.vueApp.version },
    },
    payload: shallowReactive({
+      ...options.ssrContext?.payload || {},
      data: shallowReactive({}),
      state: reactive({}),
      once: new Set<string>(),
@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ export function createNuxtApp (options: CreateOptions) {
    static: {
      data: {},
    },
-    runWithContext (fn: any) {
+    runWithContext <T>(fn: () => T) {
      if (nuxtApp._scope.active && !getCurrentScope()) {
        return nuxtApp._scope.run(() => callWithNuxt(nuxtApp, fn))
      }
@ -310,6 +310,20 @@ export function createNuxtApp (options: CreateOptions) {
    nuxtApp.payload.serverRendered = true
  }

+  if (import.meta.server && nuxtApp.ssrContext) {
+    nuxtApp.payload.path = nuxtApp.ssrContext.url
+
+    // Expose nuxt to the renderContext
+    nuxtApp.ssrContext.nuxt = nuxtApp
+    nuxtApp.ssrContext.payload = nuxtApp.payload
+
+    // Expose client runtime-config to the payload
+    nuxtApp.ssrContext.config = {
+      public: nuxtApp.ssrContext.runtimeConfig.public,
+      app: nuxtApp.ssrContext.runtimeConfig.app,
+    }
+  }
+
  if (import.meta.client) {
    const __NUXT__ = multiApp ? window.__NUXT__?.[nuxtApp._id] : window.__NUXT__
    // TODO: remove/refactor in https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/issues/25336
@ -356,35 +370,14 @@ export function createNuxtApp (options: CreateOptions) {
  defineGetter(nuxtApp.vueApp, '$nuxt', nuxtApp)
  defineGetter(nuxtApp.vueApp.config.globalProperties, '$nuxt', nuxtApp)

-  if (import.meta.server) {
-    if (nuxtApp.ssrContext) {
-      // Expose nuxt to the renderContext
-      nuxtApp.ssrContext.nuxt = nuxtApp
-      // Expose payload types
-      nuxtApp.ssrContext._payloadReducers = {}
-      // Expose current path
-      nuxtApp.payload.path = nuxtApp.ssrContext.url
-    }
-    // Expose to server renderer to create payload
-    nuxtApp.ssrContext = nuxtApp.ssrContext || {} as any
-    if (nuxtApp.ssrContext!.payload) {
-      Object.assign(nuxtApp.payload, nuxtApp.ssrContext!.payload)
-    }
-    nuxtApp.ssrContext!.payload = nuxtApp.payload
-
-    // Expose client runtime-config to the payload
-    nuxtApp.ssrContext!.config = {
-      public: options.ssrContext!.runtimeConfig.public,
-      app: options.ssrContext!.runtimeConfig.app,
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Listen to chunk load errors
  if (import.meta.client) {
-    window.addEventListener('nuxt.preloadError', (event) => {
+    // Listen to chunk load errors
+    if (chunkErrorEvent) {
+      window.addEventListener(chunkErrorEvent, (event) => {
        nuxtApp.callHook('app:chunkError', { error: (event as Event & { payload: Error }).payload })
+        event.preventDefault()
      })
-
+    }
    window.useNuxtApp = window.useNuxtApp || useNuxtApp

    // Log errors captured when running plugins, in the `app:created` and `app:beforeMount` hooks
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/chunk-reload.client.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/chunk-reload.client.ts
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export default defineNuxtPlugin({
    })

    router.onError((error, to) => {
-      if (chunkErrors.has(error)) {
+      if (chunkErrors.has(error) || error.message.includes('Failed to fetch dynamically imported module')) {
        reloadAppAtPath(to)
      }
    })
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/dev-server-logs.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/dev-server-logs.ts
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export default defineNuxtPlugin(async (nuxtApp) => {
  }

  if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-    const nuxtLogsElement = document.querySelector(`[data-nuxt-logs="${nuxtApp._name}"]`)
+    const nuxtLogsElement = document.querySelector(`[data-nuxt-logs="${nuxtApp._id}"]`)
    const content = nuxtLogsElement?.textContent
    const logs = content ? parse(content, { ...devRevivers, ...nuxtApp._payloadRevivers }) as LogObject[] : []
    await nuxtApp.hooks.callHook('dev:ssr-logs', logs)
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/revive-payload.client.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/revive-payload.client.ts
@ -31,11 +31,6 @@ if (componentIslands) {
    }
    return {
      html: '',
-      state: {},
-      head: {
-        link: [],
-        style: [],
-      },
      ...result,
    }
  }
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/revive-payload.server.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/revive-payload.server.ts
@ -6,25 +6,25 @@ import { defineNuxtPlugin } from '../nuxt'
 // @ts-expect-error Virtual file.
 import { componentIslands } from '#build/nuxt.config.mjs'

-const reducers: Record<string, (data: any) => any> = {
-  NuxtError: data => isNuxtError(data) && data.toJSON(),
-  EmptyShallowRef: data => isRef(data) && isShallow(data) && !data.value && (typeof data.value === 'bigint' ? '0n' : (JSON.stringify(data.value) || '_')),
-  EmptyRef: data => isRef(data) && !data.value && (typeof data.value === 'bigint' ? '0n' : (JSON.stringify(data.value) || '_')),
-  ShallowRef: data => isRef(data) && isShallow(data) && data.value,
-  ShallowReactive: data => isReactive(data) && isShallow(data) && toRaw(data),
-  Ref: data => isRef(data) && data.value,
-  Reactive: data => isReactive(data) && toRaw(data),
-}
+const reducers: [string, (data: any) => any][] = [
+  ['NuxtError', data => isNuxtError(data) && data.toJSON()],
+  ['EmptyShallowRef', data => isRef(data) && isShallow(data) && !data.value && (typeof data.value === 'bigint' ? '0n' : (JSON.stringify(data.value) || '_'))],
+  ['EmptyRef', data => isRef(data) && !data.value && (typeof data.value === 'bigint' ? '0n' : (JSON.stringify(data.value) || '_'))],
+  ['ShallowRef', data => isRef(data) && isShallow(data) && data.value],
+  ['ShallowReactive', data => isReactive(data) && isShallow(data) && toRaw(data)],
+  ['Ref', data => isRef(data) && data.value],
+  ['Reactive', data => isReactive(data) && toRaw(data)],
+]

 if (componentIslands) {
-  reducers.Island = data => data && data?.__nuxt_island
+  reducers.push(['Island', data => data && data?.__nuxt_island])
 }

 export default defineNuxtPlugin({
  name: 'nuxt:revive-payload:server',
  setup () {
-    for (const reducer in reducers) {
-      definePayloadReducer(reducer, reducers[reducer as keyof typeof reducers])
+    for (const [reducer, fn] of reducers) {
+      definePayloadReducer(reducer, fn)
    }
  },
 })
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/view-transitions.client.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/app/plugins/view-transitions.client.ts
@ -56,15 +56,3 @@ export default defineNuxtPlugin((nuxtApp) => {
    finishTransition = undefined
  })
 })
-
-export interface ViewTransition {
-  ready: Promise<void>
-  finished: Promise<void>
-  updateCallbackDone: Promise<void>
-}
-
-declare global {
-  interface Document {
-    startViewTransition?: (callback: () => Promise<void> | void) => ViewTransition
-  }
-}
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/components/islandsTransform.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/components/islandsTransform.ts
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ interface ComponentChunkOptions {
  buildDir: string
 }

-const SCRIPT_RE = /<script[^>]*>/g
+const SCRIPT_RE = /<script[^>]*>/gi
 const HAS_SLOT_OR_CLIENT_RE = /<slot[^>]*>|nuxt-client/
 const TEMPLATE_RE = /<template>([\s\S]*)<\/template>/
 const NUXTCLIENT_ATTR_RE = /\s:?nuxt-client(="[^"]*")?/g
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/components/module.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/components/module.ts
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import fs, { statSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { existsSync, statSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
 import { join, normalize, relative, resolve } from 'pathe'
-import { addPluginTemplate, addTemplate, addTypeTemplate, addVitePlugin, addWebpackPlugin, defineNuxtModule, logger, resolveAlias, updateTemplates } from '@nuxt/kit'
+import { addPluginTemplate, addTemplate, addTypeTemplate, addVitePlugin, addWebpackPlugin, defineNuxtModule, logger, resolveAlias, resolvePath, updateTemplates } from '@nuxt/kit'
 import type { Component, ComponentsDir, ComponentsOptions } from 'nuxt/schema'

 import { distDir } from '../dirs'
@ -169,6 +169,10 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<ComponentsOptions>({
      await nuxt.callHook('components:extend', newComponents)
      // add server placeholder for .client components server side. issue: #7085
      for (const component of newComponents) {
+        if (!(component as any /* untyped internal property */)._scanned && !(component.filePath in nuxt.vfs) && !existsSync(component.filePath)) {
+          // attempt to resolve component path
+          component.filePath = await resolvePath(component.filePath, { fallbackToOriginal: true })
+        }
        if (component.mode === 'client' && !newComponents.some(c => c.pascalName === component.pascalName && c.mode === 'server')) {
          newComponents.push({
            ...component,
@ -236,17 +240,17 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<ComponentsOptions>({
        const selectiveClient = typeof nuxt.options.experimental.componentIslands === 'object' && nuxt.options.experimental.componentIslands.selectiveClient

        if (isClient && selectiveClient) {
-          fs.writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), 'export const paths = {}')
+          writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), 'export const paths = {}')
          if (!nuxt.options.dev) {
            config.plugins.push(componentsChunkPlugin.vite({
              getComponents,
              buildDir: nuxt.options.buildDir,
            }))
          } else {
-            fs.writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), `export const paths = ${JSON.stringify(
+            writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), `export const paths = ${JSON.stringify(
              getComponents().filter(c => c.mode === 'client' || c.mode === 'all').reduce((acc, c) => {
                if (c.filePath.endsWith('.vue') || c.filePath.endsWith('.js') || c.filePath.endsWith('.ts')) { return Object.assign(acc, { [c.pascalName]: `/@fs/${c.filePath}` }) }
-                const filePath = fs.existsSync(`${c.filePath}.vue`) ? `${c.filePath}.vue` : fs.existsSync(`${c.filePath}.js`) ? `${c.filePath}.js` : `${c.filePath}.ts`
+                const filePath = existsSync(`${c.filePath}.vue`) ? `${c.filePath}.vue` : existsSync(`${c.filePath}.js`) ? `${c.filePath}.js` : `${c.filePath}.ts`
                return Object.assign(acc, { [c.pascalName]: `/@fs/${filePath}` })
              }, {} as Record<string, string>),
            )}`)
@ -307,7 +311,7 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<ComponentsOptions>({
              getComponents,
            }))
          } else {
-            fs.writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), 'export const paths = {}')
+            writeFileSync(join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'components-chunk.mjs'), 'export const paths = {}')
          }
        }
      })
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/components/scan.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/components/scan.ts
@ -126,6 +126,8 @@ export async function scanComponents (dirs: ComponentsDir[], srcDir: string): Pr
        export: 'default',
        // by default, give priority to scanned components
        priority: dir.priority ?? 1,
+        // @ts-expect-error untyped property
+        _scanned: true,
      }

      if (typeof dir.extendComponent === 'function') {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/components/transform.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/components/transform.ts
@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export function createTransformPlugin (nuxt: Nuxt, getComponents: getComponentsT
      },
    ],
    virtualImports: ['#components'],
+    injectAtEnd: true,
  })

  function getComponentsImports (): Import[] {
@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ export function createTransformPlugin (nuxt: Nuxt, getComponents: getComponentsT

  return createUnplugin(() => ({
    name: 'nuxt:components:imports',
+    enforce: 'post',
    transformInclude (id) {
      id = normalize(id)
      return id.startsWith('virtual:') || id.startsWith('\0virtual:') || id.startsWith(nuxt.options.buildDir) || !isIgnored(id)
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/builder.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/builder.ts
@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import type { Nuxt, NuxtBuilder } from 'nuxt/schema'

 import { generateApp as _generateApp, createApp } from './app'
 import { checkForExternalConfigurationFiles } from './external-config-files'
+import { cleanupCaches, getVueHash } from './cache'

 export async function build (nuxt: Nuxt) {
  const app = createApp(nuxt)
@ -40,17 +41,33 @@ export async function build (nuxt: Nuxt) {
    })
  }

+  if (!nuxt.options._prepare && !nuxt.options.dev && nuxt.options.experimental.buildCache) {
+    const { restoreCache, collectCache } = await getVueHash(nuxt)
+    if (await restoreCache()) {
+      await nuxt.callHook('build:done')
+      return await nuxt.callHook('close', nuxt)
+    }
+    nuxt.hooks.hookOnce('nitro:build:before', () => collectCache())
+    nuxt.hooks.hookOnce('close', () => cleanupCaches(nuxt))
+  }
+
  await nuxt.callHook('build:before')
-  if (!nuxt.options._prepare) {
-    await Promise.all([checkForExternalConfigurationFiles(), bundle(nuxt)])
+  if (nuxt.options._prepare) {
+    nuxt.hook('prepare:types', () => nuxt.close())
+    return
+  }
+
+  if (nuxt.options.dev) {
+    checkForExternalConfigurationFiles()
+  }
+
+  await bundle(nuxt)
+
  await nuxt.callHook('build:done')

  if (!nuxt.options.dev) {
    await nuxt.callHook('close', nuxt)
  }
-  } else {
-    nuxt.hook('prepare:types', () => nuxt.close())
-  }
 }

 const watchEvents: Record<EventType, 'add' | 'addDir' | 'change' | 'unlink' | 'unlinkDir'> = {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/cache.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/cache.ts
@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+import { mkdir, open, readFile, stat, unlink, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises'
+import type { FileHandle } from 'node:fs/promises'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { existsSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { isIgnored } from '@nuxt/kit'
+import type { Nuxt, NuxtConfig, NuxtConfigLayer } from '@nuxt/schema'
+import { hash, murmurHash, objectHash } from 'ohash'
+import { glob } from 'tinyglobby'
+import _consola, { consola } from 'consola'
+import { dirname, join, relative } from 'pathe'
+import { createTar, parseTar } from 'nanotar'
+import type { TarFileInput } from 'nanotar'
+
+export async function getVueHash (nuxt: Nuxt) {
+  const id = 'vue'
+
+  const { hash } = await getHashes(nuxt, {
+    id,
+    cwd: layer => layer.config?.srcDir,
+    patterns: layer => [
+      join(relative(layer.cwd, layer.config.srcDir), '**'),
+      `!${relative(layer.cwd, layer.config.serverDir || join(layer.cwd, 'server'))}/**`,
+      `!${relative(layer.cwd, resolve(layer.config.srcDir || layer.cwd, layer.config.dir?.public || 'public'))}/**`,
+      `!${relative(layer.cwd, resolve(layer.config.srcDir || layer.cwd, layer.config.dir?.static || 'public'))}/**`,
+      '!node_modules/**',
+      '!nuxt.config.*',
+    ],
+    configOverrides: {
+      buildId: undefined,
+      serverDir: undefined,
+      nitro: undefined,
+      devServer: undefined,
+      runtimeConfig: undefined,
+      logLevel: undefined,
+      devServerHandlers: undefined,
+      generate: undefined,
+      devtools: undefined,
+    },
+  })
+
+  const cacheFile = join(nuxt.options.workspaceDir, 'node_modules/.cache/nuxt/builds', id, hash + '.tar')
+
+  return {
+    hash,
+    async collectCache () {
+      const start = Date.now()
+      await writeCache(nuxt.options.buildDir, nuxt.options.buildDir, cacheFile)
+      const elapsed = Date.now() - start
+      consola.success(`Cached Vue client and server builds in \`${elapsed}ms\`.`)
+    },
+    async restoreCache () {
+      const start = Date.now()
+      const res = await restoreCache(nuxt.options.buildDir, cacheFile)
+      const elapsed = Date.now() - start
+      if (res) {
+        consola.success(`Restored Vue client and server builds from cache in \`${elapsed}ms\`.`)
+      }
+      return res
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+export async function cleanupCaches (nuxt: Nuxt) {
+  const start = Date.now()
+  const caches = await glob(['*/*.tar'], {
+    cwd: join(nuxt.options.workspaceDir, 'node_modules/.cache/nuxt/builds'),
+    absolute: true,
+  })
+  if (caches.length >= 10) {
+    const cachesWithMeta = await Promise.all(caches.map(async (cache) => {
+      return [cache, await stat(cache).then(r => r.mtime.getTime()).catch(() => 0)] as const
+    }))
+    cachesWithMeta.sort((a, b) => a[1] - b[1])
+    for (const [cache] of cachesWithMeta.slice(0, cachesWithMeta.length - 10)) {
+      await unlink(cache)
+    }
+    const elapsed = Date.now() - start
+    consola.success(`Cleaned up old build caches in \`${elapsed}ms\`.`)
+  }
+}
+
+// internal
+
+type HashSource = { name: string, data: any }
+type Hashes = { hash: string, sources: HashSource[] }
+
+interface GetHashOptions {
+  id: string
+  cwd: (layer: NuxtConfigLayer) => string
+  patterns: (layer: NuxtConfigLayer) => string[]
+  configOverrides: Partial<Record<keyof NuxtConfig, unknown>>
+}
+
+async function getHashes (nuxt: Nuxt, options: GetHashOptions): Promise<Hashes> {
+  if ((nuxt as any)[`_${options.id}BuildHash`]) {
+    return (nuxt as any)[`_${options.id}BuildHash`]
+  }
+
+  const start = Date.now()
+  const hashSources: HashSource[] = []
+
+  // Layers
+  let layerCtr = 0
+  for (const layer of nuxt.options._layers) {
+    if (layer.cwd.includes('node_modules')) { continue }
+
+    const layerName = `layer#${layerCtr++}`
+    hashSources.push({
+      name: `${layerName}:config`,
+      data: objectHash({
+        ...layer.config,
+        ...options.configOverrides || {},
+      }),
+    })
+
+    const normalizeFiles = (files: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof readFilesRecursive>>) => files.map(f => ({
+      name: f.name,
+      size: (f.attrs as any)?.size,
+      data: murmurHash(f.data as any /* ArrayBuffer */),
+    }))
+
+    const sourceFiles = await readFilesRecursive(options.cwd(layer), {
+      shouldIgnore: isIgnored, // TODO: Validate if works with absolute paths
+      cwd: nuxt.options.rootDir,
+      patterns: options.patterns(layer),
+    })
+
+    hashSources.push({
+      name: `${layerName}:src`,
+      data: normalizeFiles(sourceFiles),
+    })
+
+    const rootFiles = await readFilesRecursive(layer.config?.rootDir || layer.cwd, {
+      shouldIgnore: isIgnored, // TODO: Validate if works with absolute paths
+      cwd: nuxt.options.rootDir,
+      patterns: [
+        '.nuxtrc',
+        '.npmrc',
+        'package.json',
+        'package-lock.json',
+        'yarn.lock',
+        'pnpm-lock.yaml',
+        'tsconfig.json',
+        'bun.lockb',
+      ],
+    })
+
+    hashSources.push({
+      name: `${layerName}:root`,
+      data: normalizeFiles(rootFiles),
+    })
+  }
+
+  const res = ((nuxt as any)[`_${options.id}BuildHash`] = {
+    hash: hash(hashSources),
+    sources: hashSources,
+  })
+
+  const elapsed = Date.now() - start
+  consola.debug(`Computed \`${options.id}\` build hash in \`${elapsed}ms\`.`)
+
+  return res
+}
+
+type FileWithMeta = TarFileInput & {
+  attrs: {
+    mtime: number
+    size: number
+  }
+}
+
+interface ReadFilesRecursiveOptions {
+  shouldIgnore?: (name: string) => boolean
+  patterns: string[]
+  cwd: string
+}
+
+async function readFilesRecursive (dir: string | string[], opts: ReadFilesRecursiveOptions): Promise<FileWithMeta[]> {
+  if (Array.isArray(dir)) {
+    return (await Promise.all(dir.map(d => readFilesRecursive(d, opts)))).flat()
+  }
+
+  const files = await glob(opts.patterns, { cwd: dir })
+
+  const fileEntries = await Promise.all(files.map(async (fileName) => {
+    if (!opts.shouldIgnore?.(fileName)) {
+      const file = await readFileWithMeta(dir, fileName)
+      if (!file) { return }
+      return {
+        ...file,
+        name: relative(opts.cwd, join(dir, file.name)),
+      }
+    }
+  }))
+
+  return fileEntries.filter(Boolean) as FileWithMeta[]
+}
+
+async function readFileWithMeta (dir: string, fileName: string, count = 0): Promise<FileWithMeta | undefined> {
+  let fd: FileHandle | undefined = undefined
+
+  try {
+    fd = await open(resolve(dir, fileName))
+    const stats = await fd.stat()
+
+    if (!stats?.isFile()) { return }
+
+    const mtime = stats.mtime.getTime()
+    const data = await fd.readFile()
+
+    // retry if file has changed during read
+    if ((await fd.stat()).mtime.getTime() !== mtime) {
+      if (count < 5) {
+        return readFileWithMeta(dir, fileName, count + 1)
+      }
+      console.warn(`Failed to read file \`${fileName}\` as it changed during read.`)
+      return
+    }
+
+    return {
+      name: fileName,
+      data,
+      attrs: {
+        mtime,
+        size: stats.size,
+      },
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.warn(`Failed to read file \`${fileName}\`:`, err)
+  } finally {
+    await fd?.close()
+  }
+}
+
+async function restoreCache (cwd: string, cacheFile: string) {
+  if (!existsSync(cacheFile)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  const files = parseTar(await readFile(cacheFile))
+  for (const file of files) {
+    let fd: FileHandle | undefined = undefined
+    try {
+      const filePath = resolve(cwd, file.name)
+      await mkdir(dirname(filePath), { recursive: true })
+
+      fd = await open(filePath, 'w')
+
+      const stats = await fd.stat().catch(() => null)
+      if (stats?.isFile() && stats.size) {
+        const lastModified = Number.parseInt(file.attrs?.mtime?.toString().padEnd(13, '0') || '0')
+        if (stats.mtime.getTime() >= lastModified) {
+          consola.debug(`Skipping \`${file.name}\` (up to date or newer than cache)`)
+          continue
+        }
+      }
+      await fd.writeFile(file.data!)
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(err)
+    } finally {
+      await fd?.close()
+    }
+  }
+  return true
+}
+
+async function writeCache (cwd: string, sources: string | string[], cacheFile: string) {
+  const fileEntries = await readFilesRecursive(sources, {
+    patterns: ['**/*', '!analyze/**'],
+    cwd,
+  })
+  const tarData = createTar(fileEntries)
+  await mkdir(dirname(cacheFile), { recursive: true })
+  await writeFile(cacheFile, tarData)
+}
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/nitro.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/nitro.ts
@ -11,12 +11,13 @@ import escapeRE from 'escape-string-regexp'
 import { defu } from 'defu'
 import { dynamicEventHandler } from 'h3'
 import { isWindows } from 'std-env'
+import { ImpoundPlugin } from 'impound'
 import type { Nuxt, NuxtOptions } from 'nuxt/schema'
 import { version as nuxtVersion } from '../../package.json'
 import { distDir } from '../dirs'
 import { toArray } from '../utils'
 import { template as defaultSpaLoadingTemplate } from '../../../ui-templates/dist/templates/spa-loading-icon'
-import { ImportProtectionPlugin, nuxtImportProtections } from './plugins/import-protection'
+import { nuxtImportProtections } from './plugins/import-protection'

 const logLevelMapReverse = {
  silent: 0,
@ -358,9 +359,8 @@ export async function initNitro (nuxt: Nuxt & { _nitro?: Nitro }) {
  nitroConfig.rollupConfig!.plugins = await nitroConfig.rollupConfig!.plugins || []
  nitroConfig.rollupConfig!.plugins = toArray(nitroConfig.rollupConfig!.plugins)
  nitroConfig.rollupConfig!.plugins!.push(
-    ImportProtectionPlugin.rollup({
-      rootDir: nuxt.options.rootDir,
-      modulesDir: nuxt.options.modulesDir,
+    ImpoundPlugin.rollup({
+      cwd: nuxt.options.rootDir,
      patterns: nuxtImportProtections(nuxt, { isNitro: true }),
      exclude: [/core[\\/]runtime[\\/]nitro[\\/]renderer/],
    }),
@ -517,19 +517,7 @@ export async function initNitro (nuxt: Nuxt & { _nitro?: Nitro }) {
    })
  }

-  // nuxt build/dev
-  nuxt.hook('build:done', async () => {
-    await nuxt.callHook('nitro:build:before', nitro)
-    if (nuxt.options.dev) {
-      await build(nitro)
-    } else {
-      await prepare(nitro)
-      await prerender(nitro)
-
-      logger.restoreAll()
-      await build(nitro)
-      logger.wrapAll()
-
+  async function symlinkDist () {
    if (nitro.options.static) {
      const distDir = resolve(nuxt.options.rootDir, 'dist')
      if (!existsSync(distDir)) {
@ -537,6 +525,22 @@ export async function initNitro (nuxt: Nuxt & { _nitro?: Nitro }) {
      }
    }
  }
+
+  // nuxt build/dev
+  nuxt.hook('build:done', async () => {
+    await nuxt.callHook('nitro:build:before', nitro)
+    if (nuxt.options.dev) {
+      return build(nitro)
+    }
+
+    await prepare(nitro)
+    await prerender(nitro)
+
+    logger.restoreAll()
+    await build(nitro)
+    logger.wrapAll()
+
+    await symlinkDist()
  })

  // nuxt dev
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/nuxt.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/nuxt.ts
@ -15,13 +15,14 @@ import { colorize } from 'consola/utils'
 import { updateConfig } from 'c12/update'
 import { formatDate, resolveCompatibilityDatesFromEnv } from 'compatx'
 import type { DateString } from 'compatx'
-
 import escapeRE from 'escape-string-regexp'
 import { withTrailingSlash, withoutLeadingSlash } from 'ufo'
-
+import { ImpoundPlugin } from 'impound'
+import type { ImpoundOptions } from 'impound'
 import defu from 'defu'
 import { gt, satisfies } from 'semver'
 import { hasTTY, isCI } from 'std-env'
+
 import pagesModule from '../pages/module'
 import metaModule from '../head/module'
 import componentsModule from '../components/module'
@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ import { distDir, pkgDir } from '../dirs'
 import { version } from '../../package.json'
 import { scriptsStubsPreset } from '../imports/presets'
 import { resolveTypePath } from './utils/types'
-import { ImportProtectionPlugin, nuxtImportProtections } from './plugins/import-protection'
+import { nuxtImportProtections } from './plugins/import-protection'
 import type { UnctxTransformPluginOptions } from './plugins/unctx'
 import { UnctxTransformPlugin } from './plugins/unctx'
 import type { TreeShakeComposablesPluginOptions } from './plugins/tree-shake'
@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {

    const shouldShowPrompt = nuxt.options.dev && hasTTY && !isCI
    if (!shouldShowPrompt) {
-      console.log(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
+      logger.info(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
    }

    async function promptAndUpdate () {
@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
        default: true,
      })
      if (result !== true) {
-        console.log(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
+        logger.info(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
        return
      }

@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
        consola.error(`Failed to update config: ${message}`)
      }

-      console.log(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
+      logger.info(`Using \`${fallbackCompatibilityDate}\` as fallback compatibility date.`)
    }

    nuxt.hooks.hookOnce('nitro:init', (nitro) => {
@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
      nitro.hooks.hookOnce('compiled', () => {
        warnedAboutCompatDate = true
        // Print warning
-        console.info(`Nuxt now supports pinning the behavior of provider and deployment presets with a compatibility date. We recommend you specify a \`compatibilityDate\` in your \`nuxt.config\` file, or set an environment variable, such as \`COMPATIBILITY_DATE=${todaysDate}\`.`)
+        logger.info(`Nuxt now supports pinning the behavior of provider and deployment presets with a compatibility date. We recommend you specify a \`compatibilityDate\` in your \`nuxt.config\` file, or set an environment variable, such as \`COMPATIBILITY_DATE=${todaysDate}\`.`)
        if (shouldShowPrompt) { promptAndUpdate() }
      })
    })
@ -245,18 +246,19 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
  addBuildPlugin(RemovePluginMetadataPlugin(nuxt))

  // Add import protection
-  const config = {
-    rootDir: nuxt.options.rootDir,
+  const config: ImpoundOptions = {
+    cwd: nuxt.options.rootDir,
    // Exclude top-level resolutions by plugins
    exclude: [join(nuxt.options.srcDir, 'index.html')],
    patterns: nuxtImportProtections(nuxt),
-    modulesDir: nuxt.options.modulesDir,
  }
-  addVitePlugin(() => ImportProtectionPlugin.vite(config))
-  addWebpackPlugin(() => ImportProtectionPlugin.webpack(config))
+  addVitePlugin(() => Object.assign(ImpoundPlugin.vite({ ...config, error: false }), { name: 'nuxt:import-protection' }), { client: false })
+  addVitePlugin(() => Object.assign(ImpoundPlugin.vite({ ...config, error: true }), { name: 'nuxt:import-protection' }), { server: false })
+  addWebpackPlugin(() => ImpoundPlugin.webpack(config))

  // add resolver for modules used in virtual files
-  addVitePlugin(() => resolveDeepImportsPlugin(nuxt))
+  addVitePlugin(() => resolveDeepImportsPlugin(nuxt), { client: false })
+  addVitePlugin(() => resolveDeepImportsPlugin(nuxt), { server: false })

  // Add transform for `onPrehydrate` lifecycle hook
  addBuildPlugin(prehydrateTransformPlugin(nuxt))
@ -664,7 +666,7 @@ async function initNuxt (nuxt: Nuxt) {
  // Show compatibility version banner when Nuxt is running with a compatibility version
  // that is different from the current major version
  if (!(satisfies(nuxt._version, nuxt.options.future.compatibilityVersion + '.x'))) {
-    console.info(`Running with compatibility version \`${nuxt.options.future.compatibilityVersion}\``)
+    logger.info(`Running with compatibility version \`${nuxt.options.future.compatibilityVersion}\``)
  }

  await nuxt.callHook('ready', nuxt)
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/import-protection.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/import-protection.ts
@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-import { createUnplugin } from 'unplugin'
-import { logger } from '@nuxt/kit'
-import { resolvePath } from 'mlly'
-import { isAbsolute, join, relative, resolve } from 'pathe'
+import { relative, resolve } from 'pathe'
 import escapeRE from 'escape-string-regexp'
 import type { NuxtOptions } from 'nuxt/schema'

@ -53,41 +50,3 @@ export const nuxtImportProtections = (nuxt: { options: NuxtOptions }, options: {

  return patterns
 }
-
-export const ImportProtectionPlugin = createUnplugin(function (options: ImportProtectionOptions) {
-  const cache: Record<string, Map<string | RegExp, boolean>> = {}
-  const importersToExclude = options?.exclude || []
-  const proxy = resolvePath('unenv/runtime/mock/proxy', { url: options.modulesDir })
-  return {
-    name: 'nuxt:import-protection',
-    enforce: 'pre',
-    resolveId (id, importer) {
-      if (!importer) { return }
-      if (id[0] === '.') {
-        id = join(importer, '..', id)
-      }
-      if (isAbsolute(id)) {
-        id = relative(options.rootDir, id)
-      }
-      if (importersToExclude.some(p => typeof p === 'string' ? importer === p : p.test(importer))) { return }
-
-      const invalidImports = options.patterns.filter(([pattern]) => pattern instanceof RegExp ? pattern.test(id) : pattern === id)
-      let matched = false
-      for (const match of invalidImports) {
-        cache[id] = cache[id] || new Map()
-        const [pattern, warning] = match
-        // Skip if already warned
-        if (cache[id].has(pattern)) { continue }
-
-        const relativeImporter = isAbsolute(importer) ? relative(options.rootDir, importer) : importer
-        logger.error(warning || 'Invalid import', `[importing \`${id}\` from \`${relativeImporter}\`]`)
-        cache[id].set(pattern, true)
-        matched = true
-      }
-      if (matched) {
-        return proxy
-      }
-      return null
-    },
-  }
-})
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/plugin-metadata.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/plugin-metadata.ts
@ -149,29 +149,12 @@ export const RemovePluginMetadataPlugin = (nuxt: Nuxt) => createUnplugin(() => {
            if (_node.type === 'ImportSpecifier' && (_node.imported.name === 'defineNuxtPlugin' || _node.imported.name === 'definePayloadPlugin')) {
              wrapperNames.add(_node.local.name)
            }
-            if (_node.type === 'ExportDefaultDeclaration' && (_node.declaration.type === 'FunctionDeclaration' || _node.declaration.type === 'ArrowFunctionExpression')) {
-              if ('params' in _node.declaration && _node.declaration.params.length > 1) {
-                logger.warn(`Plugin \`${plugin.src}\` is in legacy Nuxt 2 format (context, inject) which is likely to be broken and will be ignored.`)
-                s.overwrite(0, code.length, 'export default () => {}')
-                wrapped = true // silence a duplicate error
-                return
-              }
-            }
            if (_node.type !== 'CallExpression' || (_node as CallExpression).callee.type !== 'Identifier') { return }
            const node = _node as CallExpression & { start: number, end: number }
            const name = 'name' in node.callee && node.callee.name
            if (!name || !wrapperNames.has(name)) { return }
            wrapped = true

-            if (node.arguments[0].type !== 'ObjectExpression') {
-              // TODO: Warn if legacy plugin format is detected
-              if ('params' in node.arguments[0] && node.arguments[0].params.length > 1) {
-                logger.warn(`Plugin \`${plugin.src}\` is in legacy Nuxt 2 format (context, inject) which is likely to be broken and will be ignored.`)
-                s.overwrite(0, code.length, 'export default () => {}')
-                return
-              }
-            }
-
            // Remove metadata that already has been extracted
            if (!('order' in plugin) && !('name' in plugin)) { return }
            for (const [argIndex, _arg] of node.arguments.entries()) {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/resolve-deep-imports.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/plugins/resolve-deep-imports.ts
@ -8,20 +8,25 @@ import { pkgDir } from '../../dirs'

 export function resolveDeepImportsPlugin (nuxt: Nuxt): Plugin {
  const exclude: string[] = ['virtual:', '\0virtual:', '/__skip_vite']
+  let conditions: string[]
  return {
    name: 'nuxt:resolve-bare-imports',
    enforce: 'post',
-    async resolveId (id, importer, options) {
+    configResolved (config) {
+      conditions = config.mode === 'test' ? [...config.resolve.conditions, 'import', 'require'] : config.resolve.conditions
+    },
+    async resolveId (id, importer) {
      if (!importer || isAbsolute(id) || (!isAbsolute(importer) && !importer.startsWith('virtual:')) || exclude.some(e => id.startsWith(e))) {
        return
      }
-      id = normalize(id)
-      id = resolveAlias(id, nuxt.options.alias)
-      const { dir } = parseNodeModulePath(importer)
-      return await this.resolve?.(id, dir || pkgDir, { skipSelf: true }) ?? await resolvePath(id, {
-        url: [dir || pkgDir, ...nuxt.options.modulesDir],
-        // TODO: respect nitro runtime conditions
-        conditions: options.ssr ? ['node', 'import', 'require'] : ['import', 'require'],
+
+      const normalisedId = resolveAlias(normalize(id), nuxt.options.alias)
+      const normalisedImporter = importer.replace(/^\0?virtual:(?:nuxt:)?/, '')
+      const dir = parseNodeModulePath(normalisedImporter).dir || pkgDir
+
+      return await this.resolve?.(normalisedId, dir, { skipSelf: true }) ?? await resolvePath(id, {
+        url: [dir, ...nuxt.options.modulesDir],
+        conditions,
      }).catch(() => {
        logger.debug('Could not resolve id', id, importer)
        return null
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/cache-driver.js
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/cache-driver.js
@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ export default defineDriver((opts) => {
    ...fs, // fall back to file system - only the bottom three methods are used in renderer
    async setItem (key, value, opts) {
      await Promise.all([
-        fs.setItem(normalizeFsKey(key), value, opts),
-        lru.setItem(key, value, opts),
+        fs.setItem?.(normalizeFsKey(key), value, opts),
+        lru.setItem?.(key, value, opts),
      ])
    },
    async hasItem (key, opts) {
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/dev-server-logs.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/dev-server-logs.ts
@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ export default (nitroApp: NitroApp) => {
    const ctx = asyncContext.tryUse()
    if (!ctx) { return }
    try {
-      htmlContext.bodyAppend.unshift(`<script type="application/json" data-nuxt-logs="${appId}">${stringify(ctx.logs, { ...devReducers, ...ctx.event.context._payloadReducers })}</script>`)
+      const reducers = Object.assign(Object.create(null), devReducers, ctx.event.context._payloadReducers)
+      htmlContext.bodyAppend.unshift(`<script type="application/json" data-nuxt-logs="${appId}">${stringify(ctx.logs, reducers)}</script>`)
    } catch (e) {
      const shortError = e instanceof Error && 'toString' in e ? ` Received \`${e.toString()}\`.` : ''
      console.warn(`[nuxt] Failed to stringify dev server logs.${shortError} You can define your own reducer/reviver for rich types following the instructions in https://nuxt.com/docs/api/composables/use-nuxt-app#payload.`)
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/error.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/error.ts
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export default <NitroErrorHandler> async function errorhandler (error: H3Error,
      error.fatal && '[fatal]',
      Number(errorObject.statusCode) !== 200 && `[${errorObject.statusCode}]`,
    ].filter(Boolean).join(' ')
-    console.error(tags, errorObject.message + '\n' + stack.map(l => '  ' + l.text).join('  \n'))
+    console.error(tags, (error.message || error.toString() || 'internal server error') + '\n' + stack.map(l => '  ' + l.text).join('  \n'))
  }

  if (event.handled) { return }
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ function normalizeError (error: any) {
  // Hide details of unhandled/fatal errors in production
  const hideDetails = !import.meta.dev && error.unhandled

-  const stack = hideDetails
+  const stack = hideDetails && !import.meta.prerender
    ? []
    : ((error.stack as string) || '')
        .split('\n')
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/renderer.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/runtime/nitro/renderer.ts
@ -16,11 +16,10 @@ import { stringify, uneval } from 'devalue'
 import destr from 'destr'
 import { getQuery as getURLQuery, joinURL, withoutTrailingSlash } from 'ufo'
 import { renderToString as _renderToString } from 'vue/server-renderer'
-import { hash } from 'ohash'
 import { propsToString, renderSSRHead } from '@unhead/ssr'
-import type { HeadEntryOptions } from '@unhead/schema'
+import type { Head, HeadEntryOptions } from '@unhead/schema'
 import type { Link, Script, Style } from '@unhead/vue'
-import { createServerHead } from '@unhead/vue'
+import { createServerHead, resolveUnrefHeadInput } from '@unhead/vue'

 import { defineRenderHandler, getRouteRules, useNitroApp, useRuntimeConfig, useStorage } from 'nitro/runtime'

@ -79,10 +78,7 @@ export interface NuxtIslandContext {
 export interface NuxtIslandResponse {
  id?: string
  html: string
-  head: {
-    link: (Record<string, string>)[]
-    style: ({ innerHTML: string, key: string })[]
-  }
+  head: Head
  props?: Record<string, Record<string, any>>
  components?: Record<string, NuxtIslandClientResponse>
  slots?: Record<string, NuxtIslandSlotResponse>
@ -162,9 +158,7 @@ const getSPARenderer = lazyCachedFunction(async () => {
  const renderToString = (ssrContext: NuxtSSRContext) => {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig(ssrContext.event)
    ssrContext.modules = ssrContext.modules || new Set<string>()
-    ssrContext!.payload = {
-      serverRendered: false,
-    }
+    ssrContext.payload.serverRendered = false
    ssrContext.config = {
      public: config.public,
      app: config.app,
@ -288,6 +282,7 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse
  const head = createServerHead({
    plugins: unheadPlugins,
  })
+
  // needed for hash hydration plugin to work
  const headEntryOptions: HeadEntryOptions = { mode: 'server' }
  if (!isRenderingIsland) {
@ -308,7 +303,7 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse
    error: !!ssrError,
    nuxt: undefined!, /* NuxtApp */
    payload: (ssrError ? { error: ssrError } : {}) as NuxtPayload,
-    _payloadReducers: {},
+    _payloadReducers: Object.create(null),
    modules: new Set(),
    islandContext,
  }
@ -394,7 +389,9 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse
  }

  // 2. Styles
+  if (inlinedStyles.length) {
    head.push({ style: inlinedStyles })
+  }
  if (!isRenderingIsland || import.meta.dev) {
    const link: Link[] = []
    for (const style in styles) {
@ -411,8 +408,10 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse
        link.push({ rel: 'stylesheet', href: renderer.rendererContext.buildAssetsURL(resource.file) })
      }
    }
+    if (link.length) {
      head.push({ link }, headEntryOptions)
    }
+  }

  if (!NO_SCRIPTS && !isRenderingIsland) {
    // 3. Resource Hints
@ -460,17 +459,21 @@ export default defineRenderHandler(async (event): Promise<Partial<RenderResponse

  // Response for component islands
  if (isRenderingIsland && islandContext) {
-    const islandHead: NuxtIslandResponse['head'] = {
-      link: [],
-      style: [],
+    const islandHead: Head = {}
+    for (const entry of head.headEntries()) {
+      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(resolveUnrefHeadInput(entry.input) as Head)) {
+        const currentValue = islandHead[key as keyof Head]
+        if (Array.isArray(currentValue)) {
+          currentValue.push(...value)
        }
-    for (const tag of await head.resolveTags()) {
-      if (tag.tag === 'link') {
-        islandHead.link.push({ key: 'island-link-' + hash(tag.props), ...tag.props })
-      } else if (tag.tag === 'style' && tag.innerHTML) {
-        islandHead.style.push({ key: 'island-style-' + hash(tag.innerHTML), innerHTML: tag.innerHTML })
+        islandHead[key as keyof Head] = value
      }
    }
+
+    // TODO: remove for v4
+    islandHead.link = islandHead.link || []
+    islandHead.style = islandHead.style || []
+
    const islandResponse: NuxtIslandResponse = {
      id: islandContext.id,
      head: islandHead,
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/core/templates.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/core/templates.ts
@ -120,11 +120,21 @@ export const pluginsDeclaration: NuxtTemplate = {
      const relativePath = relative(typesDir, pluginPath)

      const correspondingDeclaration = pluginPath.replace(/\.(?<letter>[cm])?jsx?$/, '.d.$<letter>ts')
+      // if `.d.ts` file exists alongside a `.js` plugin, or if `.d.mts` file exists alongside a `.mjs` plugin, we can use the entire path
      if (correspondingDeclaration !== pluginPath && exists(correspondingDeclaration)) {
        tsImports.push(relativePath)
        continue
      }

+      const incorrectDeclaration = pluginPath.replace(/\.[cm]jsx?$/, '.d.ts')
+      // if `.d.ts` file exists, but plugin is `.mjs`, add `.js` extension to the import
+      // to hotfix issue until ecosystem updates to `@nuxt/module-builder@>=0.8.0`
+      if (incorrectDeclaration !== pluginPath && exists(incorrectDeclaration)) {
+        tsImports.push(relativePath.replace(/\.[cm](jsx?)$/, '.$1'))
+        continue
+      }
+
+      // if there is no declaration we only want to remove the extension if it's a TypeScript file
      if (exists(pluginPath)) {
        if (TS_RE.test(pluginPath)) {
          tsImports.push(relativePath.replace(EXTENSION_RE, ''))
@ -181,7 +191,7 @@ export const schemaTemplate: NuxtTemplate = {
      }
    }

-    const moduleOptionsInterface = (jsdocTags: boolean) => [
+    const moduleOptionsInterface = (options: { addJSDocTags: boolean, unresolved: boolean }) => [
      ...modules.flatMap(([configKey, importName, mod]) => {
        let link: string | undefined

@ -211,30 +221,32 @@ export const schemaTemplate: NuxtTemplate = {
        return [
          `    /**`,
          `     * Configuration for \`${importName}\``,
-          ...jsdocTags && link
-            ? [
-                `     * @see ${link}`,
-              ]
-            : [],
+          ...options.addJSDocTags && link ? [`     * @see ${link}`] : [],
          `     */`,
-          `    [${configKey}]?: typeof ${genDynamicImport(importName, { wrapper: false })}.default extends NuxtModule<infer O> ? Partial<O> : Record<string, any>`,
+          `    [${configKey}]${options.unresolved ? '?' : ''}: typeof ${genDynamicImport(importName, { wrapper: false })}.default extends NuxtModule<infer O> ? ${options.unresolved ? 'Partial<O>' : 'O'} : Record<string, any>`,
        ]
      }),
-      modules.length > 0 ? `    modules?: (undefined | null | false | NuxtModule | string | [NuxtModule | string, Record<string, any>] | ${modules.map(([configKey, importName, mod]) => `[${genString(mod.meta?.rawPath || importName)}, Exclude<NuxtConfig[${configKey}], boolean>]`).join(' | ')})[],` : '',
+      modules.length > 0 && options.unresolved ? `    modules?: (undefined | null | false | NuxtModule<any> | string | [NuxtModule | string, Record<string, any>] | ${modules.map(([configKey, importName, mod]) => `[${genString(mod.meta?.rawPath || importName)}, Exclude<NuxtConfig[${configKey}], boolean>]`).join(' | ')})[],` : '',
    ].filter(Boolean)

    return [
      'import { NuxtModule, RuntimeConfig } from \'@nuxt/schema\'',
      'declare module \'@nuxt/schema\' {',
+      '  interface NuxtOptions {',
+      ...moduleOptionsInterface({ addJSDocTags: false, unresolved: false }),
+      '  }',
      '  interface NuxtConfig {',
      // TypeScript will duplicate the jsdoc tags if we augment it twice
      // So here we only generate tags for `nuxt/schema`
-      ...moduleOptionsInterface(false),
+      ...moduleOptionsInterface({ addJSDocTags: false, unresolved: true }),
      '  }',
      '}',
      'declare module \'nuxt/schema\' {',
+      '  interface NuxtOptions {',
+      ...moduleOptionsInterface({ addJSDocTags: true, unresolved: false }),
+      '  }',
      '  interface NuxtConfig {',
-      ...moduleOptionsInterface(true),
+      ...moduleOptionsInterface({ addJSDocTags: true, unresolved: true }),
      '  }',
      generateTypes(await resolveSchema(privateRuntimeConfig as Record<string, JSValue>),
        {
@ -267,7 +279,7 @@ export const layoutTemplate: NuxtTemplate = {
  filename: 'layouts.mjs',
  getContents ({ app }) {
    const layoutsObject = genObjectFromRawEntries(Object.values(app.layouts).map(({ name, file }) => {
-      return [name, genDynamicImport(file, { interopDefault: true })]
+      return [name, genDynamicImport(file)]
    }))
    return [
      `export default ${layoutsObject}`,
@ -504,6 +516,7 @@ export const nuxtConfigTemplate: NuxtTemplate = {
      `export const appId = ${JSON.stringify(ctx.nuxt.options.appId)}`,
      `export const outdatedBuildInterval = ${ctx.nuxt.options.experimental.checkOutdatedBuildInterval}`,
      `export const multiApp = ${!!ctx.nuxt.options.future.multiApp}`,
+      `export const chunkErrorEvent = ${ctx.nuxt.options.experimental.emitRouteChunkError ? ctx.nuxt.options.builder === '@nuxt/vite-builder' ? '"vite:preloadError"' : '"nuxt:preloadError"' : 'false'}`,
    ].join('\n\n')
  },
 }
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/imports/module.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/imports/module.ts
@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { existsSync } from 'node:fs'
-import { addTemplate, addTypeTemplate, addVitePlugin, addWebpackPlugin, defineNuxtModule, isIgnored, logger, resolveAlias, tryResolveModule, updateTemplates, useNuxt } from '@nuxt/kit'
+import { addBuildPlugin, addTemplate, addTypeTemplate, defineNuxtModule, isIgnored, logger, resolveAlias, tryResolveModule, updateTemplates, useNuxt } from '@nuxt/kit'
 import { isAbsolute, join, normalize, relative, resolve } from 'pathe'
 import type { Import, Unimport } from 'unimport'
 import { createUnimport, scanDirExports, toExports } from 'unimport'
 import type { ImportPresetWithDeprecation, ImportsOptions, ResolvedNuxtTemplate } from 'nuxt/schema'
+import escapeRE from 'escape-string-regexp'

 import { lookupNodeModuleSubpath, parseNodeModulePath } from 'mlly'
 import { isDirectory } from '../utils'
@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<Partial<ImportsOptions>>({
    name: 'imports',
    configKey: 'imports',
  },
-  defaults: {
+  defaults: nuxt => ({
    autoImport: true,
    scan: true,
    presets: defaultPresets,
@ -23,11 +24,13 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<Partial<ImportsOptions>>({
    imports: [],
    dirs: [],
    transform: {
-      include: [],
+      include: [
+        new RegExp('^' + escapeRE(nuxt.options.buildDir)),
+      ],
      exclude: undefined,
    },
    virtualImports: ['#imports'],
-  },
+  }),
  async setup (options, nuxt) {
    // TODO: fix sharing of defaults between invocations of modules
    const presets = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(options.presets)) as ImportPresetWithDeprecation[]
@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<Partial<ImportsOptions>>({

    // Create a context to share state between module internals
    const ctx = createUnimport({
+      injectAtEnd: true,
      ...options,
      addons: {
        vueTemplate: options.autoImport,
@ -91,8 +95,7 @@ export default defineNuxtModule<Partial<ImportsOptions>>({
    nuxt.options.alias['#imports'] = join(nuxt.options.buildDir, 'imports')

    // Transform to inject imports in production mode
-    addVitePlugin(() => TransformPlugin.vite({ ctx, options, sourcemap: !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.server || !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.client }))
-    addWebpackPlugin(() => TransformPlugin.webpack({ ctx, options, sourcemap: !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.server || !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.client }))
+    addBuildPlugin(TransformPlugin({ ctx, options, sourcemap: !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.server || !!nuxt.options.sourcemap.client }))

    const priorities = nuxt.options._layers.map((layer, i) => [layer.config.srcDir, -i] as const).sort(([a], [b]) => b.length - a.length)

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/imports/presets.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/imports/presets.ts
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const granularAppPresets: InlinePreset[] = [
    from: '#app/composables/asyncData',
  },
  {
-    imports: ['useHydration', 'createVisibleLoader', 'createIdleLoader', 'createEventLoader'],
+    imports: ['useHydration'],
    from: '#app/composables/hydrate',
  },
  {
@ -229,12 +229,8 @@ const vuePreset = defineUnimportPreset({
    'useTransitionState',
    'useId',
    'useTemplateRef',
-    'hydrateOnInteraction',
-    'hydrateOnMediaQuery',
-    'hydrateOnVisible',
-    'hydrateOnIdle',
-    'useHost',
    'useShadowRoot',
+    'useCssVars',
  ],
 })

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/imports/transform.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/imports/transform.ts
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { isJS, isVue } from '../core/utils'
 const NODE_MODULES_RE = /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/
 const IMPORTS_RE = /(['"])#imports\1/

-export const TransformPlugin = createUnplugin(({ ctx, options, sourcemap }: { ctx: Unimport, options: Partial<ImportsOptions>, sourcemap?: boolean }) => {
+export const TransformPlugin = ({ ctx, options, sourcemap }: { ctx: Unimport, options: Partial<ImportsOptions>, sourcemap?: boolean }) => createUnplugin(() => {
  return {
    name: 'nuxt:imports-transform',
    enforce: 'post',
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/pages/module.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/pages/module.ts
@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ export default defineNuxtModule({
        const namedMiddleware = app.middleware.filter(mw => !mw.global)
        return [
          'import type { NavigationGuard } from \'vue-router\'',
-          `export type MiddlewareKey = ${namedMiddleware.map(mw => genString(mw.name)).join(' | ') || 'string'}`,
+          `export type MiddlewareKey = ${namedMiddleware.map(mw => genString(mw.name)).join(' | ') || 'never'}`,
          `declare module ${genString(composablesFile)} {`,
          '  interface PageMeta {',
          '    middleware?: MiddlewareKey | NavigationGuard | Array<MiddlewareKey | NavigationGuard>',
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/pages/route-rules.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/pages/route-rules.ts
@ -18,10 +18,12 @@ export async function extractRouteRules (code: string): Promise<NitroRouteConfig
  }
  if (!ROUTE_RULE_RE.test(code)) { return null }

-  const script = extractScriptContent(code)
-  code = script?.code || code
-
  let rule: NitroRouteConfig | null = null
+  const contents = extractScriptContent(code)
+  for (const script of contents) {
+    if (rule) { break }
+
+    code = script?.code || code

    const js = await transform(code, { loader: script?.loader || 'ts' })
    walk(parse(js.code, {
@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ export async function extractRouteRules (code: string): Promise<NitroRouteConfig
        }
      },
    })
+  }

  ruleCache[code] = rule
  return rule
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/pages/runtime/plugins/router.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/pages/runtime/plugins/router.ts
@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ const plugin: Plugin<{ router: Router }> = defineNuxtPlugin({
    for (const key in _route.value) {
      Object.defineProperty(route, key, {
        get: () => _route.value[key as keyof RouteLocation],
+        enumerable: true,
      })
    }

--- a/packages/nuxt/src/pages/runtime/validate.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/pages/runtime/validate.ts
@ -12,13 +12,10 @@ export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to) => {
  if (result === true) {
    return
  }
-  if (import.meta.server) {
-    return result
-  }

  const error = createError({
-    statusCode: 404,
-    statusMessage: `Page Not Found: ${to.fullPath}`,
+    statusCode: (result && result.statusCode) || 404,
+    statusMessage: (result && result.statusMessage) || `Page Not Found: ${to.fullPath}`,
    data: {
      path: to.fullPath,
    },
@ -32,7 +29,7 @@ export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to) => {
        // We pretend to have navigated to the invalid route so
        // that the user can return to the previous page with
        // the back button.
-        window.history.pushState({}, '', to.fullPath)
+        window?.history.pushState({}, '', to.fullPath)
      })
      // We stop the navigation immediately before it resolves
      // if there is no other route matching it.
--- a/packages/nuxt/src/pages/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/src/pages/utils.ts
@ -168,21 +168,23 @@ export async function augmentPages (routes: NuxtPage[], vfs: Record<string, stri
  return augmentedPages
 }

-const SFC_SCRIPT_RE = /<script(?<attrs>[^>]*)>(?<content>[\s\S]*?)<\/script[^>]*>/i
+const SFC_SCRIPT_RE = /<script(?<attrs>[^>]*)>(?<content>[\s\S]*?)<\/script[^>]*>/gi
 export function extractScriptContent (html: string) {
-  const groups = html.match(SFC_SCRIPT_RE)?.groups || {}
-
-  if (groups.content) {
-    return {
-      loader: groups.attrs.includes('tsx') ? 'tsx' : 'ts',
-      code: groups.content.trim(),
-    } as const
+  const contents: Array<{ loader: 'tsx' | 'ts', code: string }> = []
+  for (const match of html.matchAll(SFC_SCRIPT_RE)) {
+    if (match?.groups?.content) {
+      contents.push({
+        loader: match.groups.attrs.includes('tsx') ? 'tsx' : 'ts',
+        code: match.groups.content.trim(),
+      })
+    }
  }

-  return null
+  return contents
 }

 const PAGE_META_RE = /definePageMeta\([\s\S]*?\)/
+const extractionKeys = ['name', 'path', 'alias', 'redirect'] as const
 const DYNAMIC_META_KEY = '__nuxt_dynamic_meta_key' as const

 const pageContentsCache: Record<string, string> = {}
@ -197,15 +199,17 @@ export async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Pro
  if (absolutePath in metaCache) { return metaCache[absolutePath] }

  const loader = getLoader(absolutePath)
-  const script = !loader ? null : loader === 'vue' ? extractScriptContent(contents) : { code: contents, loader }
-  if (!script) {
+  const scriptBlocks = !loader ? null : loader === 'vue' ? extractScriptContent(contents) : [{ code: contents, loader }]
+  if (!scriptBlocks) {
    metaCache[absolutePath] = {}
    return {}
  }

+  const extractedMeta = {} as Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>
+
+  for (const script of scriptBlocks) {
    if (!PAGE_META_RE.test(script.code)) {
-    metaCache[absolutePath] = {}
-    return {}
+      continue
    }

    const js = await transform(script.code, { loader: script.loader })
@ -215,8 +219,6 @@ export async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Pro
      ranges: true,
    }) as unknown as Program

-  const extractedMeta = {} as Partial<Record<keyof NuxtPage, any>>
-  const extractionKeys = ['name', 'path', 'alias', 'redirect'] as const
    const dynamicProperties = new Set<keyof NuxtPage>()

    let foundMeta = false
@ -291,6 +293,7 @@ export async function getRouteMeta (contents: string, absolutePath: string): Pro
        }
      },
    })
+  }

  metaCache[absolutePath] = extractedMeta
  return extractedMeta
@ -518,7 +521,7 @@ export function normalizeRoutes (routes: NuxtPage[], metaImports: Set<string> =
        metaImports.add(genImport(file, [{ name: 'default', as: pageImportName }]))
      }

-      const pageImport = page._sync && page.mode !== 'client' ? pageImportName : genDynamicImport(file, { interopDefault: true })
+      const pageImport = page._sync && page.mode !== 'client' ? pageImportName : genDynamicImport(file)

      const metaRoute: NormalizedRoute = {
        name: `${metaImportName}?.name ?? ${route.name}`,
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/snapshots/pages-override-meta-disabled.test.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/snapshots/pages-override-meta-disabled.test.ts.snap
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  "pushed route, skips generation from file": [
    {
      "alias": "["pushed-route-alias"].concat(mockMeta?.alias || [])",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/route-file.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/route-file.vue")",
      "meta": "{ ...(mockMeta || {}), ...{"someMetaData":true} }",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "pushed-route"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  "route.meta generated from file": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue")",
      "meta": "{ ...(mockMeta || {}), ...{"test":1} }",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "page-with-meta"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/page-with-meta"",
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  "should allow pages with `:` in their path": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/test:name.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/test:name.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "test:name"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/test\\:name"",
@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
          "children": [
            {
              "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-              "component": "() => import("pages/param/index/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+              "component": "() => import("pages/param/index/index.vue")",
              "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
              "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "param-index"",
              "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? """,
@ -54,14 +54,14 @@
            },
            {
              "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-              "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+              "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index/sibling.vue")",
              "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
              "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "param-index-sibling"",
              "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "sibling"",
              "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
            },
          ],
-          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? undefined",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? """,
@ -69,14 +69,14 @@
        },
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/param/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/param/sibling.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "param-sibling"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "sibling"",
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/param.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/param.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? undefined",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/param"",
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
      "children": [
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/wrapper-expose/other/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/wrapper-expose/other/index.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "wrapper-expose-other"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? """,
@ -95,14 +95,14 @@
        },
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other/sibling.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "wrapper-expose-other-sibling"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "sibling"",
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? undefined",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/wrapper-expose/other"",
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
  "should extract serializable values and override fallback when normalized with `overrideMeta: true`": [
    {
      "alias": "["sweet-home"].concat(mockMeta?.alias || [])",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "home"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
  "should generate correct catch-all route": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...slug].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "slug"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:slug(.*)*"",
@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
  "should generate correct dynamic routes": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[slug].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "slug"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:slug()"",
@ -159,14 +159,14 @@
      "children": [
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]/index.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "foo"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? """,
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? undefined",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:foo?"",
@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "optional-opt"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/optional/:opt?"",
@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "optional-prefix-opt"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/optional/prefix-:opt?"",
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]]-postfix.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]]-postfix.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "optional-opt-postfix"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/optional/:opt?-postfix"",
@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]]-postfix.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]]-postfix.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "optional-prefix-opt-postfix"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/optional/prefix-:opt?-postfix"",
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[bar]/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[bar]/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "bar"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:bar()"",
@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/nonopt/[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/nonopt/[slug].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "nonopt-slug"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/nonopt/:slug()"",
@ -222,7 +222,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/opt/[[slug]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/opt/[[slug]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "opt-slug"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/opt/:slug?"",
@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[sub]]/route-[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[sub]]/route-[slug].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "sub-route-slug"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:sub?/route-:slug()"",
@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
  "should generate correct id for catchall (order 1)": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "stories"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:stories(.*)*"",
@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "stories-id"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/stories/:id()"",
@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
  "should generate correct id for catchall (order 2)": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "stories-id"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/stories/:id()"",
@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "stories"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:stories(.*)*"",
@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
  "should generate correct route for kebab-case file": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/kebab-case.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/kebab-case.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "kebab-case"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/kebab-case"",
@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
  "should generate correct route for snake_case file": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/snake_case.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/snake_case.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "snake_case"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/snake_case"",
@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
  "should generate correct routes for index pages": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/parent"",
@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent-child"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/parent/child"",
@ -325,14 +325,14 @@
      "children": [
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent-child"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "child"",
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/parent"",
@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
  "should handle route groups": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -353,14 +353,14 @@
      "children": [
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/(bar)/about/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/(bar)/about/index.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "about"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? """,
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/about.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/about.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? undefined",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/about"",
@ -373,14 +373,14 @@
      "children": [
        {
          "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-          "component": "() => import("pages/index/index/all.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/index/index/all.vue")",
          "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index-index-all"",
          "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "all"",
          "redirect": "mockMeta?.redirect",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -390,7 +390,7 @@
  "should merge route.meta with meta from file": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue")",
      "meta": "{ ...(mockMeta || {}), ...{"test":1} }",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "page-with-meta"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/page-with-meta"",
@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
  "should not generate colliding route names when hyphens are in file name": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/[child].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/[child].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent-child"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/parent/:child()"",
@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent-[child].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent-[child].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "parent-child"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/parent-:child()"",
@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
  "should not merge required param as a child of optional param": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "foo"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:foo?"",
@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[foo].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[foo].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "foo"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:foo()"",
@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
  "should only allow "_" & "." as special character for dynamic route": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[a1_1a].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[a1_1a].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "a1_1a"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:a1_1a()"",
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2.2b].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2.2b].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "b2.2b"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:b2.2b()"",
@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2]_[2b].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2]_[2b].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "b2_2b"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:b2()_:2b()"",
@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[c3@3c]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[c3@3c]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "c33c"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:c33c?"",
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
    },
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[d4-4d]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[d4-4d]].vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "d44d"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/:d44d?"",
@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
  "should properly override route name if definePageMeta name override is defined.": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "home"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
@ -488,7 +488,7 @@
  "should use fallbacks when normalized with `overrideMeta: true`": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": "mockMeta?.path ?? "/"",
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/snapshots/pages-override-meta-enabled.test.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/snapshots/pages-override-meta-enabled.test.ts.snap
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  "pushed route, skips generation from file": [
    {
      "alias": "["pushed-route-alias"]",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/route-file.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/route-file.vue")",
      "meta": "{"someMetaData":true}",
      "name": ""pushed-route"",
      "path": ""/"",
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  ],
  "route.meta generated from file": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue")",
      "meta": "{"test":1}",
      "name": ""page-with-meta"",
      "path": ""/page-with-meta"",
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  ],
  "should allow pages with `:` in their path": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/test:name.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/test:name.vue")",
      "name": ""test:name"",
      "path": ""/test\\:name"",
    },
@ -37,44 +37,44 @@
        {
          "children": [
            {
-              "component": "() => import("pages/param/index/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+              "component": "() => import("pages/param/index/index.vue")",
              "name": ""param-index"",
              "path": """",
            },
            {
-              "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+              "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index/sibling.vue")",
              "name": ""param-index-sibling"",
              "path": ""sibling"",
            },
          ],
-          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/param/index.vue")",
          "name": "mockMeta?.name",
          "path": """",
        },
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/param/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/param/sibling.vue")",
          "name": ""param-sibling"",
          "path": ""sibling"",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/param.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/param.vue")",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name",
      "path": ""/param"",
    },
    {
      "children": [
        {
-          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/wrapper-expose/other/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("layer/pages/wrapper-expose/other/index.vue")",
          "name": ""wrapper-expose-other"",
          "path": """",
        },
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other/sibling.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other/sibling.vue")",
          "name": ""wrapper-expose-other-sibling"",
          "path": ""sibling"",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/wrapper-expose/other.vue")",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name",
      "path": ""/wrapper-expose/other"",
    },
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
  "should extract serializable values and override fallback when normalized with `overrideMeta: true`": [
    {
      "alias": "["sweet-home"]",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": ""home"",
      "path": ""/"",
@ -91,131 +91,131 @@
  ],
  "should generate correct catch-all route": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...slug].vue")",
      "name": ""slug"",
      "path": ""/:slug(.*)*"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "name": ""index"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct dynamic routes": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "name": ""index"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[slug].vue")",
      "name": ""slug"",
      "path": ""/:slug()"",
    },
    {
      "children": [
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]/index.vue")",
          "name": ""foo"",
          "path": """",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]]")",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name",
      "path": ""/:foo?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]].vue")",
      "name": ""optional-opt"",
      "path": ""/optional/:opt?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]].vue")",
      "name": ""optional-prefix-opt"",
      "path": ""/optional/prefix-:opt?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]]-postfix.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/[[opt]]-postfix.vue")",
      "name": ""optional-opt-postfix"",
      "path": ""/optional/:opt?-postfix"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]]-postfix.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/optional/prefix-[[opt]]-postfix.vue")",
      "name": ""optional-prefix-opt-postfix"",
      "path": ""/optional/prefix-:opt?-postfix"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[bar]/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[bar]/index.vue")",
      "name": ""bar"",
      "path": ""/:bar()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/nonopt/[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/nonopt/[slug].vue")",
      "name": ""nonopt-slug"",
      "path": ""/nonopt/:slug()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/opt/[[slug]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/opt/[[slug]].vue")",
      "name": ""opt-slug"",
      "path": ""/opt/:slug?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[sub]]/route-[slug].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[sub]]/route-[slug].vue")",
      "name": ""sub-route-slug"",
      "path": ""/:sub?/route-:slug()"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct id for catchall (order 1)": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue")",
      "name": ""stories"",
      "path": ""/:stories(.*)*"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue")",
      "name": ""stories-id"",
      "path": ""/stories/:id()"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct id for catchall (order 2)": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/stories/[id].vue")",
      "name": ""stories-id"",
      "path": ""/stories/:id()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[...stories].vue")",
      "name": ""stories"",
      "path": ""/:stories(.*)*"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct route for kebab-case file": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/kebab-case.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/kebab-case.vue")",
      "name": ""kebab-case"",
      "path": ""/kebab-case"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct route for snake_case file": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/snake_case.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/snake_case.vue")",
      "name": ""snake_case"",
      "path": ""/snake_case"",
    },
  ],
  "should generate correct routes for index pages": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "name": ""index"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/index.vue")",
      "name": ""parent"",
      "path": ""/parent"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child/index.vue")",
      "name": ""parent-child"",
      "path": ""/parent/child"",
    },
@ -224,31 +224,31 @@
    {
      "children": [
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/parent/child.vue")",
          "name": ""parent-child"",
          "path": ""child"",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent.vue")",
      "name": ""parent"",
      "path": ""/parent"",
    },
  ],
  "should handle route groups": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/index.vue")",
      "name": ""index"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
    {
      "children": [
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/(bar)/about/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/(bar)/about/index.vue")",
          "name": ""about"",
          "path": """",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/about.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/(foo)/about.vue")",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name",
      "path": ""/about"",
    },
@ -257,19 +257,19 @@
    {
      "children": [
        {
-          "component": "() => import("pages/index/index/all.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+          "component": "() => import("pages/index/index/all.vue")",
          "name": ""index-index-all"",
          "path": ""all"",
        },
      ],
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index/index.vue")",
      "name": ""index"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
  ],
  "should merge route.meta with meta from file": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/page-with-meta.vue")",
      "meta": "{ ...(mockMeta || {}), ...{"test":1} }",
      "name": ""page-with-meta"",
      "path": ""/page-with-meta"",
@ -277,58 +277,58 @@
  ],
  "should not generate colliding route names when hyphens are in file name": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/[child].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent/[child].vue")",
      "name": ""parent-child"",
      "path": ""/parent/:child()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/parent-[child].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/parent-[child].vue")",
      "name": ""parent-child"",
      "path": ""/parent-:child()"",
    },
  ],
  "should not merge required param as a child of optional param": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[foo]].vue")",
      "name": ""foo"",
      "path": ""/:foo?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[foo].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[foo].vue")",
      "name": ""foo"",
      "path": ""/:foo()"",
    },
  ],
  "should only allow "_" & "." as special character for dynamic route": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[a1_1a].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[a1_1a].vue")",
      "name": ""a1_1a"",
      "path": ""/:a1_1a()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2.2b].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2.2b].vue")",
      "name": ""b2.2b"",
      "path": ""/:b2.2b()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2]_[2b].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[b2]_[2b].vue")",
      "name": ""b2_2b"",
      "path": ""/:b2()_:2b()"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[c3@3c]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[c3@3c]].vue")",
      "name": ""c33c"",
      "path": ""/:c33c?"",
    },
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/[[d4-4d]].vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/[[d4-4d]].vue")",
      "name": ""d44d"",
      "path": ""/:d44d?"",
    },
  ],
  "should properly override route name if definePageMeta name override is defined.": [
    {
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "name": ""home"",
      "path": ""/"",
    },
@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
  "should use fallbacks when normalized with `overrideMeta: true`": [
    {
      "alias": "mockMeta?.alias || []",
-      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)",
+      "component": "() => import("pages/index.vue")",
      "meta": "mockMeta || {}",
      "name": "mockMeta?.name ?? "index"",
      "path": ""/"",
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/auto-imports.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/auto-imports.test.ts
@ -18,10 +18,11 @@ describe('imports:transform', () => {
  ]

  const ctx = createUnimport({
+    injectAtEnd: true,
    imports,
  })

-  const transformPlugin = TransformPlugin.raw({ ctx, options: { transform: { exclude: [/node_modules/] } } }, { framework: 'rollup' }) as Plugin
+  const transformPlugin = TransformPlugin({ ctx, options: { transform: { exclude: [/node_modules/] } } }).raw({}, { framework: 'rollup' }) as Plugin
  const transform = async (source: string) => {
    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-function-type
    const result = await (transformPlugin.transform! as Function).call({ error: null, warn: null } as any, source, '')
@ -171,7 +172,6 @@ const excludedVueHelpers = [
  'hydrate',
  'initDirectivesForSSR',
  'render',
-  'useCssVars',
  'vModelCheckbox',
  'vModelDynamic',
  'vModelRadio',
@ -183,6 +183,13 @@ const excludedVueHelpers = [
  'ErrorCodes',
  'TrackOpTypes',
  'TriggerOpTypes',
+  'useHost',
+  'hydrateOnVisible',
+  'hydrateOnMediaQuery',
+  'hydrateOnInteraction',
+  'hydrateOnIdle',
+  'onWatcherCleanup',
+  'getCurrentWatcher',
 ]

 describe('imports:vue', () => {
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/components-transform.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/components-transform.test.ts
@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ describe('components:transform', () => {

    const code = await transform('import { Foo, Bar } from \'#components\'', '/app.vue')
    expect(code).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "import Foo from '/Foo.vue';
+      "
+      import Foo from '/Foo.vue';
      import { Bar } from '/Bar.vue';
      "
    `)
@ -28,7 +29,8 @@ describe('components:transform', () => {

    const code = await transform('import { Foo, LazyFoo } from \'#components\'', '/app.vue')
    expect(code).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "import Foo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=server&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
+      "
+      import Foo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=server&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
      import LazyFoo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=server,async&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
      "
    `)
@ -54,7 +56,8 @@ describe('components:transform', () => {

    const code = await transform('import { Foo, LazyFoo } from \'#components\'', '/app.vue')
    expect(code).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "import Foo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=client&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
+      "
+      import Foo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=client&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
      import LazyFoo from '/Foo.vue?nuxt_component=client,async&nuxt_component_name=Foo&nuxt_component_export=default';
      "
    `)
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/import-protection.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/import-protection.test.ts
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { normalize } from 'pathe'
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
-import { ImportProtectionPlugin, nuxtImportProtections } from '../src/core/plugins/import-protection'
+import { ImpoundPlugin } from 'impound'
+import { nuxtImportProtections } from '../src/core/plugins/import-protection'
 import type { NuxtOptions } from '../schema'

 const testsToTriggerOn = [
@ -39,9 +39,8 @@ describe('import protection', () => {
 })

 const transformWithImportProtection = (id: string, importer: string) => {
-  const plugin = ImportProtectionPlugin.rollup({
-    rootDir: '/root',
-    modulesDir: [fileURLToPath(new URL('..', import.meta.url))],
+  const plugin = ImpoundPlugin.rollup({
+    cwd: '/root',
    patterns: nuxtImportProtections({
      options: {
        modules: ['some-nuxt-module'],
@ -51,5 +50,5 @@ const transformWithImportProtection = (id: string, importer: string) => {
    }),
  })

-  return (plugin as any).resolveId(id, importer)
+  return (plugin as any).resolveId.call({ error: () => {} }, id, importer)
 }
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/page-metadata.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/page-metadata.test.ts
@ -58,6 +58,41 @@ describe('page metadata', () => {
    `)
  })

+  it('should extract serialisable metadata from files with multiple blocks', async () => {
+    const meta = await getRouteMeta(`
+    <script lang="ts">
+    export default {
+      name: 'thing'
+    }
+    </script>
+    <script setup>
+    definePageMeta({
+      name: 'some-custom-name',
+      path: '/some-custom-path',
+      validate: () => true,
+      middleware: [
+        function () {},
+      ],
+      otherValue: {
+        foo: 'bar',
+      },
+    })
+    </script>
+    `, filePath)
+
+    expect(meta).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      {
+        "meta": {
+          "__nuxt_dynamic_meta_key": Set {
+            "meta",
+          },
+        },
+        "name": "some-custom-name",
+        "path": "/some-custom-path",
+      }
+    `)
+  })
+
  it('should extract serialisable metadata in options api', async () => {
    const meta = await getRouteMeta(`
    <script>
@ -145,7 +180,7 @@ describe('normalizeRoutes', () => {
          path: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.path ?? "/",
          meta: { ...(indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta || {}), ...{"layout":"test","foo":"bar"} },
          redirect: "/",
-            component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)
+          component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue")
        }
      ]",
      }
@ -171,7 +206,7 @@ describe('normalizeRoutes', () => {
          meta: { ...(indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta || {}), ...{"layout":"test","foo":"bar"} },
          alias: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.alias || [],
          redirect: indexN6pT4Un8hYMeta?.redirect,
-            component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue").then(m => m.default || m)
+          component: () => import("/app/pages/index.vue")
        }
      ]",
      }
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/plugin-metadata.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/plugin-metadata.test.ts
@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ describe('plugin-metadata', () => {
  it('should overwrite invalid plugins', () => {
    const invalidPlugins = [
      'export const plugin = {}',
-      'export default function (ctx, inject) {}',
    ]
    for (const plugin of invalidPlugins) {
      expect(transformPlugin.transform.call({ parse }, plugin, 'my-plugin.mjs').code).toBe('export default () => {}')
--- a/packages/nuxt/test/scan-components.test.ts
+++ b/packages/nuxt/test/scan-components.test.ts
@ -241,6 +241,8 @@ it('components:scanComponents', async () => {
  for (const c of scannedComponents) {
    // @ts-expect-error filePath is not optional but we don't want it to be in the snapshot
    delete c.filePath
+    // @ts-expect-error _scanned is added internally but we don't want it to be in the snapshot
+    delete c._scanned
  }
  expect(scannedComponents).deep.eq(expectedComponents)
 })
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More