From a48ec3e8820064511aac5fab71706166bdd590d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Brad Messer <messerb5467@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 2022 10:34:31 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 01/25] Words matter updates (#4155)

* Remove sanity check from code base.

* Use main over master.

* Better alternative that doesn't collide with language keywords/frequent usage words.
---
 include/pybind11/numpy.h |  2 +-
 tests/test_eigen.py      | 68 ++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/numpy.h b/include/pybind11/numpy.h
index 56e5edc5a..369e18649 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/numpy.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/numpy.h
@@ -1401,7 +1401,7 @@ PYBIND11_NOINLINE void register_structured_dtype(any_container<field_descriptor>
     oss << '}';
     auto format_str = oss.str();
 
-    // Sanity check: verify that NumPy properly parses our buffer format string
+    // Smoke test: verify that NumPy properly parses our buffer format string
     auto &api = npy_api::get();
     auto arr = array(buffer_info(nullptr, itemsize, format_str, 1));
     if (!api.PyArray_EquivTypes_(dtype_ptr, arr.dtype().ptr())) {
diff --git a/tests/test_eigen.py b/tests/test_eigen.py
index a1c114aed..9c6485de3 100644
--- a/tests/test_eigen.py
+++ b/tests/test_eigen.py
@@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ def array_copy_but_one(a, r, c, v):
 def test_eigen_return_references():
     """Tests various ways of returning references and non-referencing copies"""
 
-    master = np.ones((10, 10))
+    primary = np.ones((10, 10))
     a = m.ReturnTester()
     a_get1 = a.get()
     assert not a_get1.flags.owndata and a_get1.flags.writeable
-    assign_both(a_get1, master, 3, 3, 5)
+    assign_both(a_get1, primary, 3, 3, 5)
     a_get2 = a.get_ptr()
     assert not a_get2.flags.owndata and a_get2.flags.writeable
-    assign_both(a_get1, master, 2, 3, 6)
+    assign_both(a_get1, primary, 2, 3, 6)
 
     a_view1 = a.view()
     assert not a_view1.flags.owndata and not a_view1.flags.writeable
@@ -271,25 +271,25 @@ def test_eigen_return_references():
 
     a_copy1 = a.copy_get()
     assert a_copy1.flags.owndata and a_copy1.flags.writeable
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy1, master)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy1, primary)
     a_copy1[7, 7] = -44  # Shouldn't affect anything else
-    c1want = array_copy_but_one(master, 7, 7, -44)
+    c1want = array_copy_but_one(primary, 7, 7, -44)
     a_copy2 = a.copy_view()
     assert a_copy2.flags.owndata and a_copy2.flags.writeable
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy2, master)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy2, primary)
     a_copy2[4, 4] = -22  # Shouldn't affect anything else
-    c2want = array_copy_but_one(master, 4, 4, -22)
+    c2want = array_copy_but_one(primary, 4, 4, -22)
 
     a_ref1 = a.ref()
     assert not a_ref1.flags.owndata and a_ref1.flags.writeable
-    assign_both(a_ref1, master, 1, 1, 15)
+    assign_both(a_ref1, primary, 1, 1, 15)
     a_ref2 = a.ref_const()
     assert not a_ref2.flags.owndata and not a_ref2.flags.writeable
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         a_ref2[5, 5] = 33
     a_ref3 = a.ref_safe()
     assert not a_ref3.flags.owndata and a_ref3.flags.writeable
-    assign_both(a_ref3, master, 0, 7, 99)
+    assign_both(a_ref3, primary, 0, 7, 99)
     a_ref4 = a.ref_const_safe()
     assert not a_ref4.flags.owndata and not a_ref4.flags.writeable
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
@@ -297,23 +297,23 @@ def test_eigen_return_references():
 
     a_copy3 = a.copy_ref()
     assert a_copy3.flags.owndata and a_copy3.flags.writeable
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy3, master)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy3, primary)
     a_copy3[8, 1] = 11
-    c3want = array_copy_but_one(master, 8, 1, 11)
+    c3want = array_copy_but_one(primary, 8, 1, 11)
     a_copy4 = a.copy_ref_const()
     assert a_copy4.flags.owndata and a_copy4.flags.writeable
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy4, master)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy4, primary)
     a_copy4[8, 4] = 88
-    c4want = array_copy_but_one(master, 8, 4, 88)
+    c4want = array_copy_but_one(primary, 8, 4, 88)
 
     a_block1 = a.block(3, 3, 2, 2)
     assert not a_block1.flags.owndata and a_block1.flags.writeable
     a_block1[0, 0] = 55
-    master[3, 3] = 55
+    primary[3, 3] = 55
     a_block2 = a.block_safe(2, 2, 3, 2)
     assert not a_block2.flags.owndata and a_block2.flags.writeable
     a_block2[2, 1] = -123
-    master[4, 3] = -123
+    primary[4, 3] = -123
     a_block3 = a.block_const(6, 7, 4, 3)
     assert not a_block3.flags.owndata and not a_block3.flags.writeable
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
@@ -321,18 +321,18 @@ def test_eigen_return_references():
 
     a_copy5 = a.copy_block(2, 2, 2, 3)
     assert a_copy5.flags.owndata and a_copy5.flags.writeable
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy5, master[2:4, 2:5])
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy5, primary[2:4, 2:5])
     a_copy5[1, 1] = 777
-    c5want = array_copy_but_one(master[2:4, 2:5], 1, 1, 777)
+    c5want = array_copy_but_one(primary[2:4, 2:5], 1, 1, 777)
 
     a_corn1 = a.corners()
     assert not a_corn1.flags.owndata and a_corn1.flags.writeable
     a_corn1 *= 50
     a_corn1[1, 1] = 999
-    master[0, 0] = 50
-    master[0, 9] = 50
-    master[9, 0] = 50
-    master[9, 9] = 999
+    primary[0, 0] = 50
+    primary[0, 9] = 50
+    primary[9, 0] = 50
+    primary[9, 9] = 999
     a_corn2 = a.corners_const()
     assert not a_corn2.flags.owndata and not a_corn2.flags.writeable
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
@@ -340,22 +340,22 @@ def test_eigen_return_references():
 
     # All of the changes made all the way along should be visible everywhere
     # now (except for the copies, of course)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_get1, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_get2, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_view1, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_view2, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref1, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref2, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref3, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref4, master)
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block1, master[3:5, 3:5])
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block2, master[2:5, 2:4])
-    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block3, master[6:10, 7:10])
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_get1, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_get2, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_view1, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_view2, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref1, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref2, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref3, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_ref4, primary)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block1, primary[3:5, 3:5])
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block2, primary[2:5, 2:4])
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_block3, primary[6:10, 7:10])
     np.testing.assert_array_equal(
-        a_corn1, master[0 :: master.shape[0] - 1, 0 :: master.shape[1] - 1]
+        a_corn1, primary[0 :: primary.shape[0] - 1, 0 :: primary.shape[1] - 1]
     )
     np.testing.assert_array_equal(
-        a_corn2, master[0 :: master.shape[0] - 1, 0 :: master.shape[1] - 1]
+        a_corn2, primary[0 :: primary.shape[0] - 1, 0 :: primary.shape[1] - 1]
     )
 
     np.testing.assert_array_equal(a_copy1, c1want)

From fac23b6f65e6d0b9aa8525712936b036e372eae1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve" <rwgk@google.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 2022 13:08:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 02/25] `error_fetch_and_normalize`: PyPy 7.3.10+ does not need
 the PR #4079 workaround anymore. (#4154)

---
 include/pybind11/pytypes.h | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
index 6ba1f5f20..f4ba459f2 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ struct error_fetch_and_normalize {
                           + " failed to obtain the name "
                             "of the normalized active exception type.");
         }
-#if defined(PYPY_VERSION)
+#if defined(PYPY_VERSION_NUM) && PYPY_VERSION_NUM < 0x07030a00
         // This behavior runs the risk of masking errors in the error handling, but avoids a
         // conflict with PyPy, which relies on the normalization here to change OSError to
         // FileNotFoundError (https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4075).

From 0b4c1bc2865cf89abc751809e72a184bde671678 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Axel Huebl <axel.huebl@plasma.ninja>
Date: Mon, 29 Aug 2022 20:25:01 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 03/25] test: ConstructorStats newline (PyPy) (#4167)

This looks like it lacks a newline.
---
 tests/constructor_stats.h | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tests/constructor_stats.h b/tests/constructor_stats.h
index a3835c21e..937f6c233 100644
--- a/tests/constructor_stats.h
+++ b/tests/constructor_stats.h
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public:
 #if defined(PYPY_VERSION)
         PyObject *globals = PyEval_GetGlobals();
         PyObject *result = PyRun_String("import gc\n"
-                                        "for i in range(2):"
+                                        "for i in range(2):\n"
                                         "    gc.collect()\n",
                                         Py_file_input,
                                         globals,

From 283f10dc55636e495bc2114c6b5baf7cd7064a0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Aug 2022 23:26:53 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 04/25] chore(deps): bump ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd from 1.10.0 to
 1.11.0 (#4161)

Bumps [ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd](https://github.com/ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd) from 1.10.0 to 1.11.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd/compare/v1.10.0...v1.11.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index ac6c536ce..213c69005 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
 
     - name: Prepare MSVC
-      uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.10.0
+      uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.11.0
       with:
         arch: x86
 
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
 
     - name: Prepare MSVC
-      uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.10.0
+      uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.11.0
       with:
         arch: x86
 

From 8756f16ed842e40406018df901f3219b231e2105 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Aug 2022 21:59:48 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 05/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4151)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate

updates:
- [github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks: v1.3.0 → v1.3.1](https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks/compare/v1.3.0...v1.3.1)
- [github.com/sirosen/texthooks: 0.3.1 → 0.4.0](https://github.com/sirosen/texthooks/compare/0.3.1...0.4.0)
- [github.com/PyCQA/pylint: v2.14.5 → v2.15.0](https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/compare/v2.14.5...v2.15.0)
- [github.com/codespell-project/codespell: v2.1.0 → v2.2.1](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell/compare/v2.1.0...v2.2.1)

* Introduce .codespell-ignore-lines for safer (line-based instead of word-based) suppressions.

* Fix two issues: 1. ensure sort order; 2. remove duplicates

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgk@google.com>
---
 .codespell-ignore-lines                     | 24 ++++++++++++++
 .pre-commit-config.yaml                     | 12 ++++---
 tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .codespell-ignore-lines
 create mode 100644 tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py

diff --git a/.codespell-ignore-lines b/.codespell-ignore-lines
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a01d63eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.codespell-ignore-lines
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+template <op_id id, op_type ot, typename L = undefined_t, typename R = undefined_t>
+    template <typename ThisT>
+        auto &this_ = static_cast<ThisT &>(*this);
+                if (load_impl<ThisT>(temp, false)) {
+        ssize_t nd = 0;
+        auto trivial = broadcast(buffers, nd, shape);
+        auto ndim = (size_t) nd;
+    int nd;
+    ssize_t ndim() const { return detail::array_proxy(m_ptr)->nd; }
+        using op = op_impl<id, ot, Base, L_type, R_type>;
+template <op_id id, op_type ot, typename L, typename R>
+    template <detail::op_id id, detail::op_type ot, typename L, typename R, typename... Extra>
+    class_ &def(const detail::op_<id, ot, L, R> &op, const Extra &...extra) {
+    class_ &def_cast(const detail::op_<id, ot, L, R> &op, const Extra &...extra) {
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("access", ["ro", "rw", "static_ro", "static_rw"])
+struct IntStruct {
+    explicit IntStruct(int v) : value(v){};
+    ~IntStruct() { value = -value; }
+    IntStruct(const IntStruct &) = default;
+    IntStruct &operator=(const IntStruct &) = default;
+    py::class_<IntStruct>(m, "IntStruct").def(py::init([](const int i) { return IntStruct(i); }));
+    py::implicitly_convertible<int, IntStruct>();
+    m.def("test", [](int expected, const IntStruct &in) {
+        [](int expected, const IntStruct &in) {
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index a962f8b79..bced50caf 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ repos:
 
 # Changes tabs to spaces
 - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
-  rev: "v1.3.0"
+  rev: "v1.3.1"
   hooks:
   - id: remove-tabs
 
 - repo: https://github.com/sirosen/texthooks
-  rev: "0.3.1"
+  rev: "0.4.0"
   hooks:
   - id: fix-ligatures
   - id: fix-smartquotes
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ repos:
 
 # PyLint has native support - not always usable, but works for us
 - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint
-  rev: "v2.14.5"
+  rev: "v2.15.0"
   hooks:
   - id: pylint
     files: ^pybind11
@@ -143,12 +143,14 @@ repos:
     additional_dependencies: [cmake, ninja]
 
 # Check for spelling
+# Use tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py
+# to rebuild .codespell-ignore-lines
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-  rev: "v2.1.0"
+  rev: "v2.2.1"
   hooks:
   - id: codespell
     exclude: ".supp$"
-    args: ["-L", "nd,ot,thist"]
+    args: ["-x", ".codespell-ignore-lines"]
 
 # Check for common shell mistakes
 - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
diff --git a/tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py b/tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5403ec3ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""Simple script for rebuilding .codespell-ignore-lines
+
+Usage:
+
+cat < /dev/null > .codespell-ignore-lines
+pre-commit run --all-files codespell >& /tmp/codespell_errors.txt
+python3 tools/codespell_ignore_lines_from_errors.py /tmp/codespell_errors.txt > .codespell-ignore-lines
+
+git diff to review changes, then commit, push.
+"""
+
+import sys
+from typing import List
+
+
+def run(args: List[str]) -> None:
+    assert len(args) == 1, "codespell_errors.txt"
+    cache = {}
+    done = set()
+    for line in sorted(open(args[0]).read().splitlines()):
+        i = line.find(" ==> ")
+        if i > 0:
+            flds = line[:i].split(":")
+            if len(flds) >= 2:
+                filename, line_num = flds[:2]
+                if filename not in cache:
+                    cache[filename] = open(filename).read().splitlines()
+                supp = cache[filename][int(line_num) - 1]
+                if supp not in done:
+                    print(supp)
+                    done.add(supp)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run(args=sys.argv[1:])

From aa8f8baa4e402885e5c89f5dc42a579932c33790 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 7 Sep 2022 09:19:02 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 06/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4171)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate

updates:
- [github.com/psf/black: 22.6.0 → 22.8.0](https://github.com/psf/black/compare/22.6.0...22.8.0)

* Update .pre-commit-config.yaml

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index bced50caf..b23030647 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ repos:
 
 # Black, the code formatter, natively supports pre-commit
 - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-  rev: "22.6.0" # Keep in sync with blacken-docs
+  rev: "22.8.0" # Keep in sync with blacken-docs
   hooks:
   - id: black
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ repos:
   hooks:
   - id: blacken-docs
     additional_dependencies:
-    - black==22.6.0 # keep in sync with black hook
+    - black==22.8.0 # keep in sync with black hook
 
 # Changes tabs to spaces
 - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks

From 64f7281874c3b439dc0102b6ad6cfc7586f17651 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 20:04:44 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 07/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4178)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

updates:
- [github.com/PyCQA/pylint: v2.15.0 → v2.15.2](https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/compare/v2.15.0...v2.15.2)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index b23030647..5d794a749 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ repos:
 
 # PyLint has native support - not always usable, but works for us
 - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint
-  rev: "v2.15.0"
+  rev: "v2.15.2"
   hooks:
   - id: pylint
     files: ^pybind11

From 8524b20c3caf8a5e868dbbf76b39927c45b41f72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sergei Izmailov <sergei.a.izmailov@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2022 05:56:40 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 08/25] fix: Python-3.12 compatibility (#4168)

* fix: Python-3.12 compatibility

Enable dynamic attributes for `pybind11_static_property`

* Add future-notice comment
---
 include/pybind11/detail/class.h | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/detail/class.h b/include/pybind11/detail/class.h
index a98e5e541..528e716f7 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/detail/class.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/detail/class.h
@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@ extern "C" inline int pybind11_static_set(PyObject *self, PyObject *obj, PyObjec
     return PyProperty_Type.tp_descr_set(self, cls, value);
 }
 
+// Forward declaration to use in `make_static_property_type()`
+inline void enable_dynamic_attributes(PyHeapTypeObject *heap_type);
+
 /** A `static_property` is the same as a `property` but the `__get__()` and `__set__()`
     methods are modified to always use the object type instead of a concrete instance.
     Return value: New reference. */
@@ -87,6 +90,13 @@ inline PyTypeObject *make_static_property_type() {
         pybind11_fail("make_static_property_type(): failure in PyType_Ready()!");
     }
 
+#    if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030C0000
+    // PRE 3.12 FEATURE FREEZE. PLEASE REVIEW AFTER FREEZE.
+    // Since Python-3.12 property-derived types are required to
+    // have dynamic attributes (to set `__doc__`)
+    enable_dynamic_attributes(heap_type);
+#    endif
+
     setattr((PyObject *) type, "__module__", str("pybind11_builtins"));
     PYBIND11_SET_OLDPY_QUALNAME(type, name_obj);
 

From 1874f8fa8767179ab8f8c645a6e8c8c4e4a7c486 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dustin Spicuzza <dustin@virtualroadside.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 17:00:27 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 09/25] Clarify GIL documentation (#4057)

---
 docs/advanced/misc.rst | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/advanced/misc.rst b/docs/advanced/misc.rst
index edab15fcb..71960b803 100644
--- a/docs/advanced/misc.rst
+++ b/docs/advanced/misc.rst
@@ -39,15 +39,42 @@ The ``PYBIND11_MAKE_OPAQUE`` macro does *not* require the above workarounds.
 Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)
 =============================
 
-When calling a C++ function from Python, the GIL is always held.
+The Python C API dictates that the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) must always
+be held by the current thread to safely access Python objects. As a result,
+when Python calls into C++ via pybind11 the GIL must be held, and pybind11
+will never implicitly release the GIL.
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+    void my_function() {
+        /* GIL is held when this function is called from Python */
+    }
+
+    PYBIND11_MODULE(example, m) {
+        m.def("my_function", &my_function);
+    }
+
+pybind11 will ensure that the GIL is held when it knows that it is calling
+Python code. For example, if a Python callback is passed to C++ code via
+``std::function``, when C++ code calls the function the built-in wrapper
+will acquire the GIL before calling the Python callback. Similarly, the
+``PYBIND11_OVERRIDE`` family of macros will acquire the GIL before calling
+back into Python.
+
+When writing C++ code that is called from other C++ code, if that code accesses
+Python state, it must explicitly acquire and release the GIL.
+
 The classes :class:`gil_scoped_release` and :class:`gil_scoped_acquire` can be
 used to acquire and release the global interpreter lock in the body of a C++
 function call. In this way, long-running C++ code can be parallelized using
-multiple Python threads. Taking :ref:`overriding_virtuals` as an example, this
+multiple Python threads, **but great care must be taken** when any
+:class:`gil_scoped_release` appear: if there is any way that the C++ code
+can access Python objects, :class:`gil_scoped_acquire` should be used to
+reacquire the GIL. Taking :ref:`overriding_virtuals` as an example, this
 could be realized as follows (important changes highlighted):
 
 .. code-block:: cpp
-    :emphasize-lines: 8,9,31,32
+    :emphasize-lines: 8,30,31
 
     class PyAnimal : public Animal {
     public:
@@ -56,9 +83,7 @@ could be realized as follows (important changes highlighted):
 
         /* Trampoline (need one for each virtual function) */
         std::string go(int n_times) {
-            /* Acquire GIL before calling Python code */
-            py::gil_scoped_acquire acquire;
-
+            /* PYBIND11_OVERRIDE_PURE will acquire the GIL before accessing Python state */
             PYBIND11_OVERRIDE_PURE(
                 std::string, /* Return type */
                 Animal,      /* Parent class */
@@ -78,7 +103,8 @@ could be realized as follows (important changes highlighted):
             .def(py::init<>());
 
         m.def("call_go", [](Animal *animal) -> std::string {
-            /* Release GIL before calling into (potentially long-running) C++ code */
+            // GIL is held when called from Python code. Release GIL before
+            // calling into (potentially long-running) C++ code
             py::gil_scoped_release release;
             return call_go(animal);
         });

From 9c04c7b0f1210a5f6ca7cc2e975606a1eaf21316 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2022 12:56:31 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 10/25] chore: Delete copy ctor/assign for GIL RAIIs (#4183)

* chore: Delete copy ctor/assign for GIL RAIIs

* Fix typo

* Delete copy ops for local gil scoped acquire
---
 include/pybind11/detail/internals.h |  2 ++
 include/pybind11/gil.h              | 10 ++++++++++
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h b/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
index 6ca5e1482..86991955b 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
@@ -412,6 +412,8 @@ PYBIND11_NOINLINE internals &get_internals() {
     // Cannot use py::gil_scoped_acquire here since that constructor calls get_internals.
     struct gil_scoped_acquire_local {
         gil_scoped_acquire_local() : state(PyGILState_Ensure()) {}
+        gil_scoped_acquire_local(const gil_scoped_acquire_local &) = delete;
+        gil_scoped_acquire_local &operator=(const gil_scoped_acquire_local &) = delete;
         ~gil_scoped_acquire_local() { PyGILState_Release(state); }
         const PyGILState_STATE state;
     } gil;
diff --git a/include/pybind11/gil.h b/include/pybind11/gil.h
index a0b5de151..1ef5f0a8c 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/gil.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/gil.h
@@ -80,6 +80,9 @@ public:
         inc_ref();
     }
 
+    gil_scoped_acquire(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
+    gil_scoped_acquire &operator=(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
+
     void inc_ref() { ++tstate->gilstate_counter; }
 
     PYBIND11_NOINLINE void dec_ref() {
@@ -144,6 +147,9 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
+    gil_scoped_release(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
+    gil_scoped_release &operator=(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
+
     /// This method will disable the PyThreadState_DeleteCurrent call and the
     /// GIL won't be acquired. This method should be used if the interpreter
     /// could be shutting down when this is called, as thread deletion is not
@@ -178,6 +184,8 @@ class gil_scoped_acquire {
 
 public:
     gil_scoped_acquire() { state = PyGILState_Ensure(); }
+    gil_scoped_acquire(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
+    gil_scoped_acquire &operator=(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
     ~gil_scoped_acquire() { PyGILState_Release(state); }
     void disarm() {}
 };
@@ -187,6 +195,8 @@ class gil_scoped_release {
 
 public:
     gil_scoped_release() { state = PyEval_SaveThread(); }
+    gil_scoped_release(const gil_scoped_release &) = delete;
+    gil_scoped_release &operator=(const gil_scoped_acquire &) = delete;
     ~gil_scoped_release() { PyEval_RestoreThread(state); }
     void disarm() {}
 };

From d02f219fb9b9012ce7b27f34c5ee9feb55da08ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2022 21:11:57 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 11/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4189)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

updates:
- [github.com/asottile/pyupgrade: v2.37.3 → v2.38.0](https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade/compare/v2.37.3...v2.38.0)
- [github.com/PyCQA/pylint: v2.15.2 → v2.15.3](https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/compare/v2.15.2...v2.15.3)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 5d794a749..508b3ea6e 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ repos:
 
 # Upgrade old Python syntax
 - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-  rev: "v2.37.3"
+  rev: "v2.38.0"
   hooks:
   - id: pyupgrade
     args: [--py36-plus]
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ repos:
 
 # PyLint has native support - not always usable, but works for us
 - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint
-  rev: "v2.15.2"
+  rev: "v2.15.3"
   hooks:
   - id: pylint
     files: ^pybind11

From 424ac4fe1bde46894a56775e78a702199a03137b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jan Iwaszkiewicz <jiwaszkiewicz6@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2022 19:03:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 12/25] fix: Windows compiler, missing object initializer
 (#4188)

* Fix for windows compiler, missing object initializer

* Removal of if-else macro for MSVC
---
 include/pybind11/detail/common.h | 7 +------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/detail/common.h b/include/pybind11/detail/common.h
index 9e6947daa..6da7ef859 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/detail/common.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/detail/common.h
@@ -1033,12 +1033,7 @@ PYBIND11_NAMESPACE_END(detail)
 ///  - regular: static_cast<Return (Class::*)(Arg0, Arg1, Arg2)>(&Class::func)
 ///  - sweet:   overload_cast<Arg0, Arg1, Arg2>(&Class::func)
 template <typename... Args>
-#    if (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1920) /* MSVC 2017 */                                    \
-        || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ == 5)
-static constexpr detail::overload_cast_impl<Args...> overload_cast = {};
-#    else
-static constexpr detail::overload_cast_impl<Args...> overload_cast;
-#    endif
+static constexpr detail::overload_cast_impl<Args...> overload_cast{};
 #endif
 
 /// Const member function selector for overload_cast

From 95d0e71a652992bcdc0c54844c4c6e5282247c6b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Sep 2022 11:20:07 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 13/25] test C++14 on MSVC (#4191)

---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 213c69005..fe57e7ce9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -737,6 +737,9 @@ jobs:
             args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
           - python: 3.8
             args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17
+          - python: 3.7
+            args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14
+
 
     name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • MSVC 2019 • x86 ${{ matrix.args }}"
     runs-on: windows-2019

From f743bdf8e61b2dc4a8995a0485111bedd9c2cbb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: bogdan-lab <60753036+bogdan-lab@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Sep 2022 21:50:31 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 14/25] Avoid local_internals destruction (#4192)

* Avoid local_internals destruction

It allows to avoid possible static deinitialization fiasco.

* Add link to relevant google style guide discussion
---
 include/pybind11/detail/internals.h | 9 +++++++--
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h b/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
index 86991955b..d47084e26 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/detail/internals.h
@@ -514,8 +514,13 @@ struct local_internals {
 
 /// Works like `get_internals`, but for things which are locally registered.
 inline local_internals &get_local_internals() {
-    static local_internals locals;
-    return locals;
+    // Current static can be created in the interpreter finalization routine. If the later will be
+    // destroyed in another static variable destructor, creation of this static there will cause
+    // static deinitialization fiasco. In order to avoid it we avoid destruction of the
+    // local_internals static. One can read more about the problem and current solution here:
+    // https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html#Static_and_Global_Variables
+    static auto *locals = new local_internals();
+    return *locals;
 }
 
 /// Constructs a std::string with the given arguments, stores it in `internals`, and returns its

From 5aa0fad5def3fc4d48f29998b6f65e74bacafd19 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 25 Sep 2022 16:10:57 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 15/25] perf: call reserve method in set and map casters
 (#4194)

* Call reserve method in set and map casters too

* Refactor template logic into has_reserve_method

* Adjust comment for reviews

* Rearrange reserve_maybe to not be underneath macro
---
 include/pybind11/stl.h | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/stl.h b/include/pybind11/stl.h
index 48031c2a6..8f243502e 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/stl.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/stl.h
@@ -49,17 +49,31 @@ constexpr forwarded_type<T, U> forward_like(U &&u) {
     return std::forward<detail::forwarded_type<T, U>>(std::forward<U>(u));
 }
 
+// Checks if a container has a STL style reserve method.
+// This will only return true for a `reserve()` with a `void` return.
+template <typename C>
+using has_reserve_method = std::is_same<decltype(std::declval<C>().reserve(0)), void>;
+
 template <typename Type, typename Key>
 struct set_caster {
     using type = Type;
     using key_conv = make_caster<Key>;
 
+private:
+    template <typename T = Type, enable_if_t<has_reserve_method<T>::value, int> = 0>
+    void reserve_maybe(const anyset &s, Type *) {
+        value.reserve(s.size());
+    }
+    void reserve_maybe(const anyset &, void *) {}
+
+public:
     bool load(handle src, bool convert) {
         if (!isinstance<anyset>(src)) {
             return false;
         }
         auto s = reinterpret_borrow<anyset>(src);
         value.clear();
+        reserve_maybe(s, &value);
         for (auto entry : s) {
             key_conv conv;
             if (!conv.load(entry, convert)) {
@@ -94,12 +108,21 @@ struct map_caster {
     using key_conv = make_caster<Key>;
     using value_conv = make_caster<Value>;
 
+private:
+    template <typename T = Type, enable_if_t<has_reserve_method<T>::value, int> = 0>
+    void reserve_maybe(const dict &d, Type *) {
+        value.reserve(d.size());
+    }
+    void reserve_maybe(const dict &, void *) {}
+
+public:
     bool load(handle src, bool convert) {
         if (!isinstance<dict>(src)) {
             return false;
         }
         auto d = reinterpret_borrow<dict>(src);
         value.clear();
+        reserve_maybe(d, &value);
         for (auto it : d) {
             key_conv kconv;
             value_conv vconv;
@@ -160,9 +183,7 @@ struct list_caster {
     }
 
 private:
-    template <
-        typename T = Type,
-        enable_if_t<std::is_same<decltype(std::declval<T>().reserve(0)), void>::value, int> = 0>
+    template <typename T = Type, enable_if_t<has_reserve_method<T>::value, int> = 0>
     void reserve_maybe(const sequence &s, Type *) {
         value.reserve(s.size());
     }

From da8c730a62a7f9654433f5e2206bd1135a8b57d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 2022 20:44:19 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 16/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4197)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

updates:
- [github.com/asottile/pyupgrade: v2.38.0 → v2.38.2](https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade/compare/v2.38.0...v2.38.2)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 508b3ea6e..2c317ea7a 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ repos:
 
 # Upgrade old Python syntax
 - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-  rev: "v2.38.0"
+  rev: "v2.38.2"
   hooks:
   - id: pyupgrade
     args: [--py36-plus]

From c78dfe6964579c69692eb8b5e57cbed26e409f6e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aaron Gokaslan <aaronGokaslan@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2022 13:44:09 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 17/25] bugfix: Add error checking to list append and insert
 (#4208)

---
 include/pybind11/pytypes.h | 12 +++++++++---
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
index f4ba459f2..565df4375 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
@@ -2022,14 +2022,20 @@ public:
     detail::list_iterator end() const { return {*this, PyList_GET_SIZE(m_ptr)}; }
     template <typename T>
     void append(T &&val) /* py-non-const */ {
-        PyList_Append(m_ptr, detail::object_or_cast(std::forward<T>(val)).ptr());
+        if (PyList_Append(m_ptr, detail::object_or_cast(std::forward<T>(val)).ptr()) != 0) {
+            throw error_already_set();
+        }
     }
     template <typename IdxType,
               typename ValType,
               detail::enable_if_t<std::is_integral<IdxType>::value, int> = 0>
     void insert(const IdxType &index, ValType &&val) /* py-non-const */ {
-        PyList_Insert(
-            m_ptr, ssize_t_cast(index), detail::object_or_cast(std::forward<ValType>(val)).ptr());
+        if (PyList_Insert(m_ptr,
+                          ssize_t_cast(index),
+                          detail::object_or_cast(std::forward<ValType>(val)).ptr())
+            != 0) {
+            throw error_already_set();
+        }
     }
 };
 

From 600d697648f4eda8c88a6884472bd1d2ec0a68ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2022 21:25:46 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 18/25] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#4210)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

updates:
- [github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy: v0.971 → v0.981](https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy/compare/v0.971...v0.981)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 2c317ea7a..ad07577eb 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ repos:
 
 # Check static types with mypy
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-  rev: "v0.971"
+  rev: "v0.981"
   hooks:
   - id: mypy
     args: []

From 8275b769129816f97c7665f64c88a0e05d8987df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2022 14:01:26 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 19/25] ci: update pre-commit schedule (#4212)

---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index ad07577eb..742e7a30a 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@
 #
 # See https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit
 
+
+ci:
+  autoupdate_commit_msg: "chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks"
+  autofix_commit_msg: "style: pre-commit fixes"
+  autoupdate_schedule: monthly
+
 # third-party content
 exclude: ^tools/JoinPaths.cmake$
 

From 864ed1120c704bf27d6ad5ab40645262d0d1e955 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aaron Gokaslan <aaronGokaslan@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2022 16:11:34 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 20/25] chore: steal arg_v.value from copied arg in
 unpacking_collector (#4219)

---
 include/pybind11/cast.h | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/cast.h b/include/pybind11/cast.h
index a0e32281b..b89e4946a 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/cast.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/cast.h
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ private:
             throw cast_error_unable_to_convert_call_arg(a.name, a.type);
 #endif
         }
-        m_kwargs[a.name] = a.value;
+        m_kwargs[a.name] = std::move(a.value);
     }
 
     void process(list & /*args_list*/, detail::kwargs_proxy kp) {

From 6cb214748d6ec3a61fdc35ee27f9a90d170dd242 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Axel Huebl <axel.huebl@plasma.ninja>
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2022 21:02:57 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 21/25] fix: NVCC 11.4.0 - 11.8.0 host bug workaround (#4220)

* Work-Around: NVCC 11.4.0 - 11.8.0

Adds a targeted NVCC work around for limited number of CUDA
releases. Fixed in NVCC development.

* style: pre-commit fixes

* CI: Bump CTK Version 11.2 -> 11.7

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml    |  4 ++--
 include/pybind11/pybind11.h | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index fe57e7ce9..99caabf09 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -324,8 +324,8 @@ jobs:
   # Testing NVCC; forces sources to behave like .cu files
   cuda:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    name: "🐍 3.8 • CUDA 11.2 • Ubuntu 20.04"
-    container: nvidia/cuda:11.2.2-devel-ubuntu20.04
+    name: "🐍 3.10 • CUDA 11.7 • Ubuntu 22.04"
+    container: nvidia/cuda:11.7.0-devel-ubuntu22.04
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
diff --git a/include/pybind11/pybind11.h b/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
index c889dc416..3f6e27b75 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
@@ -1578,6 +1578,22 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+// Nvidia's NVCC is broken between 11.4.0 and 11.8.0
+//   https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4193
+#if defined(__CUDACC__) && (__CUDACC_VER_MAJOR__ == 11) && (__CUDACC_VER_MINOR__ >= 4)            \
+    && (__CUDACC_VER_MINOR__ <= 8)
+    template <typename T, typename... Extra>
+    class_ &def(const T &op, const Extra &...extra) {
+        op.execute(*this, extra...);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T, typename... Extra>
+    class_ &def_cast(const T &op, const Extra &...extra) {
+        op.execute_cast(*this, extra...);
+        return *this;
+    }
+#else
     template <detail::op_id id, detail::op_type ot, typename L, typename R, typename... Extra>
     class_ &def(const detail::op_<id, ot, L, R> &op, const Extra &...extra) {
         op.execute(*this, extra...);
@@ -1589,6 +1605,7 @@ public:
         op.execute_cast(*this, extra...);
         return *this;
     }
+#endif
 
     template <typename... Args, typename... Extra>
     class_ &def(const detail::initimpl::constructor<Args...> &init, const Extra &...extra) {

From 4a4215620920ee659145cd34597e14f0553a73f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve" <rwgk@google.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2022 09:20:38 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 22/25] test_eigen.py test_nonunit_stride_to_python bug fix
 (ASAN failure) (#4217)

* Disable test triggering ASAN failure (to pin-point where the problem is).

* Fix unsafe "block" implementation in test_eigen.cpp

* Undo changes (i.e. revert back to master).

* Detect "type_caster for Eigen::Ref made a copy."

This is achieved without
* reaching into internals,
* making test_eigen.cpp depend on pybind11/numpy.h.

* Add comment pointing to PR, for easy reference.
---
 tests/test_eigen.cpp | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 tests/test_eigen.py  | 15 ++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/test_eigen.cpp b/tests/test_eigen.cpp
index 591dacc62..b0c7bdb48 100644
--- a/tests/test_eigen.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_eigen.cpp
@@ -197,11 +197,40 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(eigen, m) {
 
     // Return a block of a matrix (gives non-standard strides)
     m.def("block",
-          [](const Eigen::Ref<const Eigen::MatrixXd> &x,
-             int start_row,
-             int start_col,
-             int block_rows,
-             int block_cols) { return x.block(start_row, start_col, block_rows, block_cols); });
+          [m](const py::object &x_obj,
+              int start_row,
+              int start_col,
+              int block_rows,
+              int block_cols) {
+              return m.attr("_block")(x_obj, x_obj, start_row, start_col, block_rows, block_cols);
+          });
+
+    m.def(
+        "_block",
+        [](const py::object &x_obj,
+           const Eigen::Ref<const Eigen::MatrixXd> &x,
+           int start_row,
+           int start_col,
+           int block_rows,
+           int block_cols) {
+            // See PR #4217 for background. This test is a bit over the top, but might be useful
+            // as a concrete example to point to when explaining the dangling reference trap.
+            auto i0 = py::make_tuple(0, 0);
+            auto x0_orig = x_obj[*i0].cast<double>();
+            if (x(0, 0) != x0_orig) {
+                throw std::runtime_error(
+                    "Something in the type_caster for Eigen::Ref is terribly wrong.");
+            }
+            double x0_mod = x0_orig + 1;
+            x_obj[*i0] = x0_mod;
+            auto copy_detected = (x(0, 0) != x0_mod);
+            x_obj[*i0] = x0_orig;
+            if (copy_detected) {
+                throw std::runtime_error("type_caster for Eigen::Ref made a copy.");
+            }
+            return x.block(start_row, start_col, block_rows, block_cols);
+        },
+        py::keep_alive<0, 1>());
 
     // test_eigen_return_references, test_eigen_keepalive
     // return value referencing/copying tests:
diff --git a/tests/test_eigen.py b/tests/test_eigen.py
index 9c6485de3..713432a81 100644
--- a/tests/test_eigen.py
+++ b/tests/test_eigen.py
@@ -217,15 +217,24 @@ def test_negative_stride_from_python(msg):
     )
 
 
+def test_block_runtime_error_type_caster_eigen_ref_made_a_copy():
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
+        m.block(ref, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+    assert str(excinfo.value) == "type_caster for Eigen::Ref made a copy."
+
+
 def test_nonunit_stride_to_python():
     assert np.all(m.diagonal(ref) == ref.diagonal())
     assert np.all(m.diagonal_1(ref) == ref.diagonal(1))
     for i in range(-5, 7):
         assert np.all(m.diagonal_n(ref, i) == ref.diagonal(i)), f"m.diagonal_n({i})"
 
-    assert np.all(m.block(ref, 2, 1, 3, 3) == ref[2:5, 1:4])
-    assert np.all(m.block(ref, 1, 4, 4, 2) == ref[1:, 4:])
-    assert np.all(m.block(ref, 1, 4, 3, 2) == ref[1:4, 4:])
+    # Must be order="F", otherwise the type_caster will make a copy and
+    # m.block() will return a dangling reference (heap-use-after-free).
+    rof = np.asarray(ref, order="F")
+    assert np.all(m.block(rof, 2, 1, 3, 3) == rof[2:5, 1:4])
+    assert np.all(m.block(rof, 1, 4, 4, 2) == rof[1:, 4:])
+    assert np.all(m.block(rof, 1, 4, 3, 2) == rof[1:4, 4:])
 
 
 def test_eigen_ref_to_python():

From 7c6f2f80a73e330642226138ae3ddaf448a4f672 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Galvez <galv@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2022 12:27:54 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 23/25] fix: PyCapsule_GetDestructor is allowed to return a
 nullptr destructor (#4221)

* fix: PyCapsule_GetDestructor is allowed to return a nullptr destructor

Previously, this code would error out if the destructor happened to be
a nullptr. This is incorrect. nullptrs are allowed for capsule
destructors.

"It is legal for a capsule to have a NULL destructor. This makes a
NULL return code somewhat ambiguous; use PyCapsule_IsValid() or
PyErr_Occurred() to disambiguate."

See:

https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/capsule.html#c.PyCapsule_GetDestructor

I noticed this while working on a type caster related to #3858 DLPack
happens to allow the destructor not to be defined on a capsule, and I
encountered such a case. See:

https://github.com/dmlc/dlpack/blob/e2bdd3bee8cb6501558042633fa59144cc8b7f5f/include/dlpack/dlpack.h#L219

* Add test for the fix.

* Update tests/test_pytypes.cpp

I tried this locally and it works!
I never knew that there are cases where `reinterpret_cast` does not work but `static_cast` does. Let's see if all compilers are happy with this.

Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>

* style: pre-commit fixes

Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgk@google.com>
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgkio@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 include/pybind11/pytypes.h | 12 ++++++------
 tests/test_pytypes.cpp     |  6 ++++++
 tests/test_pytypes.py      | 11 +++++++++++
 3 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
index 565df4375..29506b7ea 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/pytypes.h
@@ -1829,18 +1829,18 @@ public:
             // guard if destructor called while err indicator is set
             error_scope error_guard;
             auto destructor = reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void *)>(PyCapsule_GetContext(o));
-            if (destructor == nullptr) {
-                if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
-                    throw error_already_set();
-                }
-                pybind11_fail("Unable to get capsule context");
+            if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                throw error_already_set();
             }
             const char *name = get_name_in_error_scope(o);
             void *ptr = PyCapsule_GetPointer(o, name);
             if (ptr == nullptr) {
                 throw error_already_set();
             }
-            destructor(ptr);
+
+            if (destructor != nullptr) {
+                destructor(ptr);
+            }
         });
 
         if (!m_ptr || PyCapsule_SetContext(m_ptr, (void *) destructor) != 0) {
diff --git a/tests/test_pytypes.cpp b/tests/test_pytypes.cpp
index da0dc8f6b..c95ff8230 100644
--- a/tests/test_pytypes.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_pytypes.cpp
@@ -289,6 +289,12 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(pytypes, m) {
         return capsule;
     });
 
+    m.def("return_capsule_with_explicit_nullptr_dtor", []() {
+        py::print("creating capsule with explicit nullptr dtor");
+        return py::capsule(reinterpret_cast<void *>(1234),
+                           static_cast<void (*)(void *)>(nullptr)); // PR #4221
+    });
+
     // test_accessors
     m.def("accessor_api", [](const py::object &o) {
         auto d = py::dict();
diff --git a/tests/test_pytypes.py b/tests/test_pytypes.py
index a34eaa59e..070849fc5 100644
--- a/tests/test_pytypes.py
+++ b/tests/test_pytypes.py
@@ -299,6 +299,17 @@ def test_capsule(capture):
     """
     )
 
+    with capture:
+        a = m.return_capsule_with_explicit_nullptr_dtor()
+        del a
+        pytest.gc_collect()
+    assert (
+        capture.unordered
+        == """
+        creating capsule with explicit nullptr dtor
+    """
+    )
+
 
 def test_accessors():
     class SubTestObject:

From da104a9efd0357b5c144c67eb641ae0b9e23012d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve" <rwgk@google.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 21:50:35 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 24/25] Reproducer and fix for issue encountered in
 smart_holder update. (#4228)

* Reproducer for issue encountered in smart_holder update.

* clang-tidy compatibility (untested).

* Add `enable_if_t` to workaround.

* Bug fix: Move `PYBIND11_USING_WORKAROUND_FOR_CUDA_11_4_THROUGH_8` determination to detail/common.h

So that it actually is defined in pybind11.h

* Try using the workaround (which is nicer than the original code) universally.

* Reduce reproducer for CUDA 11.7 issue encountered in smart_holder update.

This commit tested in isolation on top of current master + first version of reproducer (62311eb431849d135a5db84f6c75ec390f2ede7c).

Succeeds with Debian Clang 14.0.6 C++17 (and probably all other compilers).

Fails for CUDA 11.7:

```
cd /build/tests && /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -forward-unknown-to-host-compiler -Dpybind11_tests_EXPORTS -I/mounted_pybind11/include -isystem=/usr/include/python3.10 -g --generate-code=arch=compute_52,code=[compute_52,sm_52] -Xcompiler=-fPIC -Xcompiler=-fvisibility=hidden -Werror all-warnings -std=c++17 -MD -MT tests/CMakeFiles/pybind11_tests.dir/test_class.cpp.o -MF CMakeFiles/pybind11_tests.dir/test_class.cpp.o.d -x cu -c /mounted_pybind11/tests/test_class.cpp -o CMakeFiles/pybind11_tests.dir/test_class.cpp.o
/mounted_pybind11/tests/test_class.cpp(53): error: more than one instance of overloaded function "pybind11::class_<type_, options...>::def [with type_=test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0, options=<>]" matches the argument list:
            function template "pybind11::class_<test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0> &pybind11::class_<type_, options...>::def(const char *, Func &&, const Extra &...) [with type_=test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0, options=<>]"
/mounted_pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h(1557): here
            function template "pybind11::class_<test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0> &pybind11::class_<type_, options...>::def(const T &, const Extra &...) [with type_=test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0, options=<>]"
/mounted_pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h(1586): here
            argument types are: (const char [8], <unknown-type>)
            object type is: pybind11::class_<test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::Empty0>

1 error detected in the compilation of "/mounted_pybind11/tests/test_class.cpp".
```
---
 include/pybind11/operators.h |  1 +
 include/pybind11/pybind11.h  | 21 ++-------------------
 tests/test_class.cpp         | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/test_class.py          |  7 +++++++
 4 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/pybind11/operators.h b/include/pybind11/operators.h
index a0c3b78d6..16a88ae17 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/operators.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/operators.h
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ struct op_impl {};
 /// Operator implementation generator
 template <op_id id, op_type ot, typename L, typename R>
 struct op_ {
+    static constexpr bool op_enable_if_hook = true;
     template <typename Class, typename... Extra>
     void execute(Class &cl, const Extra &...extra) const {
         using Base = typename Class::type;
diff --git a/include/pybind11/pybind11.h b/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
index 3f6e27b75..fb4b7578d 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/pybind11.h
@@ -1578,34 +1578,17 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-// Nvidia's NVCC is broken between 11.4.0 and 11.8.0
-//   https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4193
-#if defined(__CUDACC__) && (__CUDACC_VER_MAJOR__ == 11) && (__CUDACC_VER_MINOR__ >= 4)            \
-    && (__CUDACC_VER_MINOR__ <= 8)
-    template <typename T, typename... Extra>
+    template <typename T, typename... Extra, detail::enable_if_t<T::op_enable_if_hook, int> = 0>
     class_ &def(const T &op, const Extra &...extra) {
         op.execute(*this, extra...);
         return *this;
     }
 
-    template <typename T, typename... Extra>
+    template <typename T, typename... Extra, detail::enable_if_t<T::op_enable_if_hook, int> = 0>
     class_ &def_cast(const T &op, const Extra &...extra) {
         op.execute_cast(*this, extra...);
         return *this;
     }
-#else
-    template <detail::op_id id, detail::op_type ot, typename L, typename R, typename... Extra>
-    class_ &def(const detail::op_<id, ot, L, R> &op, const Extra &...extra) {
-        op.execute(*this, extra...);
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <detail::op_id id, detail::op_type ot, typename L, typename R, typename... Extra>
-    class_ &def_cast(const detail::op_<id, ot, L, R> &op, const Extra &...extra) {
-        op.execute_cast(*this, extra...);
-        return *this;
-    }
-#endif
 
     template <typename... Args, typename... Extra>
     class_ &def(const detail::initimpl::constructor<Args...> &init, const Extra &...extra) {
diff --git a/tests/test_class.cpp b/tests/test_class.cpp
index c8b8071dc..18c8d358b 100644
--- a/tests/test_class.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_class.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,26 @@ struct NoBraceInitialization {
     std::vector<int> vec;
 };
 
+namespace test_class {
+namespace pr4220_tripped_over_this { // PR #4227
+
+template <int>
+struct SoEmpty {};
+
+template <typename T>
+std::string get_msg(const T &) {
+    return "This is really only meant to exercise successful compilation.";
+}
+
+using Empty0 = SoEmpty<0x0>;
+
+void bind_empty0(py::module_ &m) {
+    py::class_<Empty0>(m, "Empty0").def(py::init<>()).def("get_msg", get_msg<Empty0>);
+}
+
+} // namespace pr4220_tripped_over_this
+} // namespace test_class
+
 TEST_SUBMODULE(class_, m) {
     // test_instance
     struct NoConstructor {
@@ -517,6 +537,8 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(class_, m) {
         py::class_<OtherDuplicateNested>(gt, "OtherDuplicateNested");
         py::class_<OtherDuplicateNested>(gt, "YetAnotherDuplicateNested");
     });
+
+    test_class::pr4220_tripped_over_this::bind_empty0(m);
 }
 
 template <int N>
diff --git a/tests/test_class.py b/tests/test_class.py
index ff9196f0f..47ba450fc 100644
--- a/tests/test_class.py
+++ b/tests/test_class.py
@@ -469,3 +469,10 @@ def test_register_duplicate_class():
         m.register_duplicate_nested_class_type(ClassScope)
     expected = 'generic_type: type "YetAnotherDuplicateNested" is already registered!'
     assert str(exc_info.value) == expected
+
+
+def test_pr4220_tripped_over_this():
+    assert (
+        m.Empty0().get_msg()
+        == "This is really only meant to exercise successful compilation."
+    )

From ff7b69714d76c312b0bcc45e4a8b854783f6dbc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2022 00:50:40 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 25/25] chore(deps): bump jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake from
 1.12 to 1.13 (#4233)

Bumps [jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake](https://github.com/jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake) from 1.12 to 1.13.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake/compare/v1.12...v1.13)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml        | 12 ++++++------
 .github/workflows/configure.yml |  2 +-
 .github/workflows/upstream.yml  |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 99caabf09..38694bcfa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
       run: brew install boost
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Cache wheels
       if: runner.os == 'macOS'
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
         debug: ${{ matrix.python-debug }}
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Valgrind cache
       if: matrix.valgrind
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ jobs:
       run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Configure
       shell: bash
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ jobs:
         architecture: x86
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Prepare MSVC
       uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.11.0
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ jobs:
         architecture: x86
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Prepare MSVC
       uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.11.0
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ jobs:
         python3 -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Configure C++20
       run: >
diff --git a/.github/workflows/configure.yml b/.github/workflows/configure.yml
index edcad4198..5ec0dd462 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/configure.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/configure.yml
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
     # An action for adding a specific version of CMake:
     #   https://github.com/jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake
     - name: Setup CMake ${{ matrix.cmake }}
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
       with:
         cmake-version: ${{ matrix.cmake }}
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/upstream.yml b/.github/workflows/upstream.yml
index 95ff4cb83..366284acf 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/upstream.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/upstream.yml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
       run: sudo apt-get install libboost-dev
 
     - name: Update CMake
-      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.12
+      uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v1.13
 
     - name: Prepare env
       run: |