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virtual + inheritance example: remove multiple inheritance approach
It was already pretty badly intrusive, but it also appears to make MSVC segfault. Rather than investigating and fixing it, it's easier to just remove it.
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Jason Rhinelander
parent
0ca96e2915
commit
d6c365bcfa
@ -470,10 +470,6 @@ can now create a python class that inherits from ``Dog``:
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See the file :file:`example-virtual-functions.cpp` for complete examples
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using both the duplication and templated trampoline approaches.
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The file also contains a more intrusive approach using multiple
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inheritance, which may be useful in special situations with deep class
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hierarchies to avoid code generation.
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.. _macro_notes:
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General notes regarding convenience macros
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@ -82,20 +82,12 @@ void runExampleVirtVirtual(ExampleVirt *ex) {
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}
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// Inheriting virtual methods. We do three versions here: the repeat-everything version and the
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// templated trampoline versions mentioned in docs/advanced.rst, and also another version using
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// multiple inheritance.
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// Inheriting virtual methods. We do two versions here: the repeat-everything version and the
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// templated trampoline versions mentioned in docs/advanced.rst.
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//
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// This latter approach has the advantage of generating substantially less code for deep
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// hierarchies, but it requires intrusive changes of changing the wrapped classes to using virtual
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// inheritance, which itself requires constructor rewriting for any non-default virtual base class
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// constructors (most problematic is that constructors cannot be effectively inherited from a
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// virtual base class). The example is kept here because it does work, and may be useful in limited
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// cases, but the non-instrusive templated version is generally preferred.
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//
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// These base classes are all exactly the same (aside from the virtual inheritance for the MI
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// version), but we technically need distinct classes for this example code because we need to be
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// able to bind them properly (pybind11, sensibly, doesn't allow us to bind the same C++ class to
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// These base classes are exactly the same, but we technically need distinct
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// classes for this example code because we need to be able to bind them
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// properly (pybind11, sensibly, doesn't allow us to bind the same C++ class to
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// multiple python classes).
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class A_Repeat {
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#define A_METHODS \
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@ -129,13 +121,6 @@ class D_Repeat : public C_Repeat {
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D_METHODS
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};
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// Base classes for multiple inheritance trampolines; note the added "virtual" inheritance. The
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// classes are otherwise identical.
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class A_MI { A_METHODS };
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class B_MI : virtual public A_MI { B_METHODS };
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class C_MI : virtual public B_MI { C_METHODS };
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class D_MI : virtual public C_MI { D_METHODS };
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// Base classes for templated inheritance trampolines. Identical to the repeat-everything version:
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class A_Tpl { A_METHODS };
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class B_Tpl : public A_Tpl { B_METHODS };
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@ -213,31 +198,6 @@ public:
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};
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*/
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// Inheritance approach 3: multiple inheritance with virtual base class inheritance. This requires
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// declaration and compilation of exactly 7 methods (one per virtual method declaration or
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// override), versus the 11 required above. On the other hand, if we need anything other than
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// default constructors, this quickly becomes painful, and so this is of limited use.
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class PyA_MI : virtual public A_MI {
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public:
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// Can't inherit constructors: we would have to duplicate constructors with an explicit
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// initializer for each virtual base, which is a pain for anything but the default constructor.
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int unlucky_number() override { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD_PURE(int, A_MI, unlucky_number, ); }
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void say_something(unsigned times) override { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(void, A_MI, say_something, times); }
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};
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class PyB_MI : public PyA_MI, virtual public B_MI {
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public:
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void say_something(unsigned times) override { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(void, B_MI, say_something, times); }
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double lucky_number() { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(double, B_MI, lucky_number, ); }
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int unlucky_number() { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(int, B_MI, unlucky_number, ); }
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};
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class PyC_MI : public PyB_MI, virtual public C_MI {
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public:
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int unlucky_number() override { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(int, C_MI, unlucky_number, ); }
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double lucky_number() override { PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(double, C_MI, lucky_number, ); }
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};
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class PyD_MI : public PyC_MI, virtual public D_MI {
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};
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void initialize_inherited_virtuals(py::module &m) {
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// Method 1: repeat
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@ -266,19 +226,6 @@ void initialize_inherited_virtuals(py::module &m) {
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py::class_<D_Tpl, std::unique_ptr<D_Tpl>, PyB_Tpl<D_Tpl>>(m, "D_Tpl", py::base<C_Tpl>())
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.def(py::init<>());
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// Method 3: MI
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py::class_<A_MI, std::unique_ptr<A_MI>, PyA_MI>(m, "A_MI")
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.def(py::init<>())
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.def("unlucky_number", &A_MI::unlucky_number)
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.def("say_something", &A_MI::say_something);
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py::class_<B_MI, std::unique_ptr<B_MI>, PyB_MI>(m, "B_MI", py::base<A_MI>())
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.def(py::init<>())
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.def("lucky_number", &B_MI::lucky_number);
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py::class_<C_MI, std::unique_ptr<C_MI>, PyC_MI>(m, "C_MI", py::base<B_MI>())
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.def(py::init<>());
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py::class_<D_MI, std::unique_ptr<D_MI>, PyD_MI>(m, "D_MI", py::base<C_MI>())
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.def(py::init<>());
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};
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import sys
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sys.path.append('.')
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from example import ExampleVirt, runExampleVirt, runExampleVirtVirtual, runExampleVirtBool
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from example import A_Repeat, B_Repeat, C_Repeat, D_Repeat, A_MI, B_MI, C_MI, D_MI, A_Tpl, B_Tpl, C_Tpl, D_Tpl
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from example import A_Repeat, B_Repeat, C_Repeat, D_Repeat, A_Tpl, B_Tpl, C_Tpl, D_Tpl
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class ExtendedExampleVirt(ExampleVirt):
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def __init__(self, state):
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@ -40,11 +40,6 @@ sys.stdout.flush()
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class VI_AR(A_Repeat):
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def unlucky_number(self):
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return 99
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class VI_AMI(A_MI):
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def unlucky_number(self):
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return 990
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def say_something(self, times):
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return A_MI.say_something(self, 2*times)
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class VI_AT(A_Tpl):
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def unlucky_number(self):
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return 999
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@ -52,17 +47,11 @@ class VI_AT(A_Tpl):
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class VI_CR(C_Repeat):
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def lucky_number(self):
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return C_Repeat.lucky_number(self) + 1.25
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class VI_CMI(C_MI):
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def lucky_number(self):
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return 1.75
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class VI_CT(C_Tpl):
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pass
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class VI_CCR(VI_CR):
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def lucky_number(self):
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return VI_CR.lucky_number(self) * 10
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class VI_CCMI(VI_CMI):
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def lucky_number(self):
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return VI_CMI.lucky_number(self) * 100
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class VI_CCT(VI_CT):
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def lucky_number(self):
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return VI_CT.lucky_number(self) * 1000
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@ -73,11 +62,6 @@ class VI_DR(D_Repeat):
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return 123
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def lucky_number(self):
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return 42.0
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class VI_DMI(D_MI):
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def unlucky_number(self):
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return 1230
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def lucky_number(self):
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return -9.5
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class VI_DT(D_Tpl):
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def say_something(self, times):
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print("VI_DT says:" + (' quack' * times))
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@ -87,12 +71,12 @@ class VI_DT(D_Tpl):
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return -4.25
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classes = [
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# A_Repeat, A_MI, A_Tpl, # abstract (they have a pure virtual unlucky_number)
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VI_AR, VI_AMI, VI_AT,
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B_Repeat, B_MI, B_Tpl,
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C_Repeat, C_MI, C_Tpl,
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VI_CR, VI_CMI, VI_CT, VI_CCR, VI_CCMI, VI_CCT,
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D_Repeat, D_MI, D_Tpl, VI_DR, VI_DMI, VI_DT
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# A_Repeat, A_Tpl, # abstract (they have a pure virtual unlucky_number)
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VI_AR, VI_AT,
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B_Repeat, B_Tpl,
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C_Repeat, C_Tpl,
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VI_CR, VI_CT, VI_CCR, VI_CCT,
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D_Repeat, D_Tpl, VI_DR, VI_DT
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]
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for cl in classes:
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@ -14,10 +14,6 @@ VI_AR:
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hihihi
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Unlucky = 99
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VI_AMI:
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hihihihihihi
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Unlucky = 990
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VI_AT:
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hihihi
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Unlucky = 999
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@ -27,11 +23,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 13
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Lucky = 7.00
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B_MI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 13
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Lucky = 7.00
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B_Tpl:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 13
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@ -42,11 +33,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 888.00
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C_MI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 888.00
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C_Tpl:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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@ -57,11 +43,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 889.25
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VI_CMI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 1.75
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VI_CT:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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@ -72,11 +53,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 8892.50
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VI_CCMI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 175.00
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VI_CCT:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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@ -87,11 +63,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 888.00
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D_MI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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Lucky = 888.00
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D_Tpl:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 4444
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@ -102,11 +73,6 @@ B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 123
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Lucky = 42.00
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VI_DMI:
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B says hi 3 times
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Unlucky = 1230
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Lucky = -9.50
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VI_DT:
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VI_DT says: quack quack quack
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Unlucky = 1234
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