This commit allows multiple inheritance of pybind11 classes from
Python, e.g.
class MyType(Base1, Base2):
def __init__(self):
Base1.__init__(self)
Base2.__init__(self)
where Base1 and Base2 are pybind11-exported classes.
This requires collapsing the various builtin base objects
(pybind11_object_56, ...) introduced in 2.1 into a single
pybind11_object of a fixed size; this fixed size object allocates enough
space to contain either a simple object (one base class & small* holder
instance), or a pointer to a new allocation that can contain an
arbitrary number of base classes and holders, with holder size
unrestricted.
* "small" here means having a sizeof() of at most 2 pointers, which is
enough to fit unique_ptr (sizeof is 1 ptr) and shared_ptr (sizeof is 2
ptrs).
To minimize the performance impact, this repurposes
`internals::registered_types_py` to store a vector of pybind-registered
base types. For direct-use pybind types (e.g. the `PyA` for a C++ `A`)
this is simply storing the same thing as before, but now in a vector;
for Python-side inherited types, the map lets us avoid having to do a
base class traversal as long as we've seen the class before. The
change to vector is needed for multiple inheritance: Python types
inheriting from multiple registered bases have one entry per base.
* Minor doc syntax fix
The numpy documentation had a bad :file: reference (was using double
backticks instead of single backticks).
* Changed long-outdated "example" -> "tests" wording
The ConstructorStats internal docs still had "from example import", and
the main testing cpp file still used "example" in the module
description.
This commit includes modifications that are needed to get pybind11 to work with PyPy. The full test suite compiles and runs except for a last few functions that are commented out (due to problems in PyPy that were reported on the PyPy bugtracker).
Two somewhat intrusive changes were needed to make it possible: two new tags ``py::buffer_protocol()`` and ``py::metaclass()`` must now be specified to the ``class_`` constructor if the class uses the buffer protocol and/or requires a metaclass (e.g. for static properties).
Note that this is only for the PyPy version based on Python 2.7 for now. When the PyPy 3.x has caught up in terms of cpyext compliance, a PyPy 3.x patch will follow.
If we need to initialize a holder around an unowned instance, and the
holder type is non-copyable (i.e. a unique_ptr), we currently construct
the holder type around the value pointer, but then never actually
destruct the holder: the holder destructor is called only for the
instance that actually has `inst->owned = true` set.
This seems no pointer, however, in creating such a holder around an
unowned instance: we never actually intend to use anything that the
unique_ptr gives us: and, in fact, do not want the unique_ptr (because
if it ever actually got destroyed, it would cause destruction of the
wrapped pointer, despite the fact that that wrapped pointer isn't
owned).
This commit changes the logic to only create a unique_ptr holder if we
actually own the instance, and to destruct via the constructed holder
whenever we have a constructed holder--which will now only be the case
for owned-unique-holder or shared-holder types.
Other changes include:
* Added test for non-movable holder constructor/destructor counts
The three alive assertions now pass, before #478 they fail with counts
of 2/2/1 respectively, because of the unique_ptr that we don't want and
don't destroy (because we don't *want* its destructor to run).
* Return cstats reference; fix ConstructStats doc
Small cleanup to the #478 test code, and fix to the ConstructStats
documentation (the static method definition should use `reference` not
`reference_internal`).
* Rename inst->constructed to inst->holder_constructed
This makes it clearer exactly what it's referring to.
With this change both C++ and Python write to sys.stdout which resolves
the capture issues noted in #351. Therefore, the related workarounds are
removed.
Use simple asserts and pytest's powerful introspection to make testing
simpler. This merges the old .py/.ref file pairs into simple .py files
where the expected values are right next to the code being tested.
This commit does not touch the C++ part of the code and replicates the
Python tests exactly like the old .ref-file-based approach.
