Eigen::Ref is a common way to pass eigen dense types without needing a
template, e.g. the single definition `void
func(Eigen::Ref<Eigen::MatrixXd> x)` can be called with any double
matrix-like object.
The current pybind11 eigen support fails with internal errors if
attempting to bind a function with an Eigen::Ref<...> argument because
Eigen::Ref<...> satisfies the "is_eigen_dense" requirement, but can't
compile if actually used: Eigen::Ref<...> itself is not default
constructible, and so the argument std::tuple containing an
Eigen::Ref<...> isn't constructible, which results in compilation
failure.
This commit adds support for Eigen::Ref<...> by giving it its own
type_caster implementation which consists of an internal type_caster of
the referenced type, load/cast methods that dispatch to the internal
type_caster, and a unique_ptr to an Eigen::Ref<> instance that gets
set during load().
There is, of course, no performance advantage for pybind11-using code of
using Eigen::Ref<...>--we are allocating a matrix of the derived type
when loading it--but this has the advantage of allowing pybind11 to bind
transparently to C++ methods taking Eigen::Refs.
Passing a non-contiguous one-dimensional numpy array gives incorrect
results, so three of these tests fail. The only one passing is the
simple case where the numpy array is contiguous and we are building a
column-major vector. Subsequent commit will fix the three failing
cases.
