This commit addresses an inefficiency in how enums are created in
pybind11. Most of the enum_<> implementation is completely generic --
however, being a template class, it ended up instantiating vast amounts
of essentially identical code in larger projects with many enums.
This commit introduces a generic non-templated helper class that is
compatible with any kind of enumeration. enum_ then becomes a thin
wrapper around this new class.
The new enum_<> API is designed to be 100% compatible with the old one.
object_api::operator[] has a powerful overload for py::handle that can
accept slices, tuples (for NumPy), etc.
Lists, sequences, and tuples provide their own specialized operator[],
which unfortunately disables this functionality. This is accidental, and
the purpose of this commit is to re-enable the more general behavior.
This commit is tangentially related to the previous one in that it makes
py::handle/py::object et al. behave more like their Python counterparts.
This commit revamps the object_api class so that it maps most C++
operators to their Python analogs. This makes it possible to, e.g.
perform arithmetic using a py::int_ or py::array.
* check for already existing enum value added; added test
* added enum value name to exception message
* test for defining enum with multiple identical names moved to test_enum.cpp/py
pybind11 headers passed via the `pybind11_add_module` CMake
function can now be included as `SYSTEM` includes (`-isystem`).
This allows to set stricter (or experimental) warnings in
calling projects that might throw otherwise in headers
a user of pybind11 can not influence.
This PR adds a new py::ellipsis() method which can be used in
conjunction with NumPy's generalized slicing support. For instance,
the following is now valid (where "a" is a NumPy array):
py::array b = a[py::make_tuple(0, py::ellipsis(), 0)];
Catch v2 changed the `run(...)` signature to take a `char *argv[]`,
arguing partly that technically a `char *argv[]` type is the correct
`main()` signature rather than `const char *argv[]`.
Dropping the `const` here doesn't appear to cause any problems with
catch v1 (tested against both the cmake-downloaded 1.9.3 and Debian's
1.12.1 package) so we can follow suit.
* stl.h: propagate return value policies to type-specific casters
Return value policies for containers like those handled in in 'stl.h'
are currently broken.
The problem is that detail::return_value_policy_override<C>::policy()
always returns 'move' when given a non-pointer/reference type, e.g.
'std::vector<...>'.
This is sensible behavior for custom types that are exposed via
'py::class_<>', but it does not make sense for types that are handled by
other type casters (STL containers, Eigen matrices, etc.).
This commit changes the behavior so that
detail::return_value_policy_override only becomes active when the type
caster derives from type_caster_generic.
Furthermore, the override logic is called recursively in STL type
casters to enable key/value-specific behavior.
* Switching deprecated Thread Local Storage (TLS) usage in Python 3.7 to Thread Specific Storage (TSS)
* Changing Python version from 3.6 to 3.7 for Travis CI, to match brew's version of Python 3
* Introducing PYBIND11_ macros to switch between TLS and TSS API
The current code requires implicitly that integral types are cast-able to floating point. In case of strongly-typed integrals (e.g. as explained at http://www.ilikebigbits.com/blog/2014/5/6/type-safe-identifiers-in-c) this is not always the case.
This commit uses SFINAE to move the numeric conversions into separate `cast()` implementations to avoid the issue.
It is useful not only to remember the python libs and includes but
also the interpreter version in cache.
If users call pybind11 throught `add_subdirectories` they will
otherwise have no access to the selected interpreter version.
The interpreter version is useful for downstream projects, e.g.
to select default `lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages/` install paths.
If an exception is thrown during module initialization, the
error_already_set destructor will try to call `get_internals()` *after*
setting Python's error indicator, resulting in a `SystemError: ...
returned with an error set`.
Fix that by temporarily stashing away the error indicator in the
destructor.
When using pybind11 to bind enums on MSVC and warnings (/W4) enabled,
the following warning pollutes builds. This fix renames one of the
occurrences.
pybind11\include\pybind11\pybind11.h(1398): warning C4459: declaration of 'self' hides global declaration
pybind11\include\pybind11\operators.h(41): note: see declaration of 'pybind11::detail::self'
* Add basic support for tag-based static polymorphism
Sometimes it is possible to look at a C++ object and know what its dynamic type is,
even if it doesn't use C++ polymorphism, because instances of the object and its
subclasses conform to some other mechanism for being self-describing; for example,
perhaps there's an enumerated "tag" or "kind" member in the base class that's always
set to an indication of the correct type. This might be done for performance reasons,
or to permit most-derived types to be trivially copyable. One of the most widely-known
examples is in LLVM: https://llvm.org/docs/HowToSetUpLLVMStyleRTTI.html
This PR permits pybind11 to be informed of such conventions via a new specializable
detail::polymorphic_type_hook<> template, which generalizes the previous logic for
determining the runtime type of an object based on C++ RTTI. Implementors provide
a way to map from a base class object to a const std::type_info* for the dynamic
type; pybind11 then uses this to ensure that casting a Base* to Python creates a
Python object that knows it's wrapping the appropriate sort of Derived.
There are a number of restrictions with this tag-based static polymorphism support
compared to pybind11's existing support for built-in C++ polymorphism:
- there is no support for this-pointer adjustment, so only single inheritance is permitted
- there is no way to make C++ code call new Python-provided subclasses
- when binding C++ classes that redefine a method in a subclass, the .def() must be
repeated in the binding for Python to know about the update
But these are not much of an issue in practice in many cases, the impact on the
complexity of pybind11's innards is minimal and localized, and the support for
automatic downcasting improves usability a great deal.
The property returns the enum_ value as a string.
For example:
>>> import module
>>> module.enum.VALUE
enum.VALUE
>>> str(module.enum.VALUE)
'enum.VALUE'
>>> module.enum.VALUE.name
'VALUE'
This is actually the equivalent of Boost.Python "name" property.
As reported in #1349, clang before 3.5 can segfault on a function-local
variable referenced inside a lambda. This moves the function-local
static into a separate function that the lambda can invoke to avoid the
issue.
Fixes#1349
I think that there's the word "for" missing for that sentence to be correct.
Please double-check that the sentence means what it's supposed to mean. :-)
This reimplements the version check to avoid sscanf (which has
reportedly started throwing warnings under MSVC, even when used
perfectly safely -- #1314). It also extracts the mostly duplicated
parts of PYBIND11_MODULE/PYBIND11_PLUGIN into separate macros.
- PYBIND11_MAKE_OPAQUE now takes ... rather than a single argument and
expands it with __VA_ARGS__; this lets templated, comma-containing
types get through correctly.
- Adds a new macro PYBIND11_TYPE() that lets you pass the type into a
macro as a single argument, such as:
PYBIND11_OVERLOAD(PYBIND11_TYPE(R<1,2>), PYBIND11_TYPE(C<3,4>), func)
Unfortunately this only works for one macro call: to forward the
argument on to the next macro call (without the processor breaking it
up again) requires also adding the PYBIND11_TYPE(...) to type macro
arguments in the PYBIND11_OVERLOAD_... macro chain.
- updated the documentation with these two changes, and use them at a couple
places in the test suite to test that they work.
