Sometimes programmers want to control this, and while it can be changed after the fact, it's commonly set via a CMAKE_ variable; if that variable is set, we should respect that (like the CMAKE_INTERPROCEDURAL_OPTIMIZATION setting).
Currently select_cxx_standard(), which sets PYBIND11_CPP_STANDARD when
not externally set, is only called from pybind11_add_module(), but the
embed target setup (which runs unconditionally) makes use of
${PYBIND11_CPP_STANDARD}, which isn't set yet. This commit removes the
`select_cxx_standard` function completely and just always runs the
standard detection code.
This also tweaks the detection code to not bothering checking for the
`-std=c++11` flag when the `-std=c++14` detection succeeded.
All targets provided by pybind11:
* pybind11::module - the existing target for creating extension modules
* pybind11::embed - new target for embedding the interpreter
* pybind11::pybind11 - common "base" target (headers only)
