pybind11/include/pybind/cast.h
2015-07-22 01:00:06 +02:00

542 lines
19 KiB
C++

/*
pybind/cast.h: Partial template specializations to cast between
C++ and Python types
Copyright (c) 2015 Wenzel Jakob <wenzel@inf.ethz.ch>
All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
*/
#pragma once
#include <pybind/pytypes.h>
#include <pybind/mpl.h>
#include <pybind/typeid.h>
#include <map>
#include <array>
NAMESPACE_BEGIN(pybind)
NAMESPACE_BEGIN(detail)
/// Generic type caster for objects stored on the heap
template <typename type> class type_caster {
public:
typedef instance<type> instance_type;
static std::string name() { return type_id<type>(); }
type_caster() {
auto const& registered_types = get_internals().registered_types;
auto it = registered_types.find(type_id<type>());
if (it != registered_types.end())
typeinfo = &it->second;
}
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
if (src == nullptr || typeinfo == nullptr)
return false;
if (PyType_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(src), typeinfo->type)) {
value = ((instance_type *) src)->value;
return true;
}
if (convert) {
for (auto &converter : typeinfo->implicit_conversions) {
temp = object(converter(src, typeinfo->type), false);
if (load(temp.ptr(), false))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
if (policy == return_value_policy::automatic)
policy = return_value_policy::copy;
return cast(&src, policy, parent);
}
static PyObject *cast(const type *_src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
type *src = const_cast<type *>(_src);
if (src == nullptr) {
Py_INCREF(Py_None);
return Py_None;
}
// avoid an issue with internal references matching their parent's address
bool dont_cache = parent && ((instance<void> *) parent)->value == (void *) src;
auto& internals = get_internals();
auto it_instance = internals.registered_instances.find(src);
if (it_instance != internals.registered_instances.end() && !dont_cache) {
PyObject *inst = it_instance->second;
Py_INCREF(inst);
return inst;
}
auto it = internals.registered_types.find(type_id<type>());
if (it == internals.registered_types.end()) {
std::string msg = std::string("Unregistered type : ") + type_id<type>();
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, msg.c_str());
return nullptr;
}
auto &type_info = it->second;
instance_type *inst = (instance_type *) PyType_GenericAlloc(type_info.type, 0);
inst->value = src;
inst->owned = true;
inst->parent = nullptr;
if (policy == return_value_policy::automatic)
policy = return_value_policy::take_ownership;
handle_return_value_policy<type>(inst, policy, parent);
PyObject *inst_pyobj = (PyObject *) inst;
type_info.init_holder(inst_pyobj);
if (!dont_cache)
internals.registered_instances[inst->value] = inst_pyobj;
return inst_pyobj;
}
template <class T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_copy_constructible<T>::value, int>::type = 0>
static void handle_return_value_policy(instance<T> *inst, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
if (policy == return_value_policy::copy) {
inst->value = new T(*(inst->value));
} else if (policy == return_value_policy::reference) {
inst->owned = false;
} else if (policy == return_value_policy::reference_internal) {
inst->owned = false;
inst->parent = parent;
Py_XINCREF(parent);
}
}
template <class T, typename std::enable_if<!std::is_copy_constructible<T>::value, int>::type = 0>
static void handle_return_value_policy(instance<T> *inst, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
if (policy == return_value_policy::copy) {
throw cast_error("return_value_policy = copy, but the object is non-copyable!");
} else if (policy == return_value_policy::reference) {
inst->owned = false;
} else if (policy == return_value_policy::reference_internal) {
inst->owned = false;
inst->parent = parent;
Py_XINCREF(parent);
}
}
operator type*() { return value; }
operator type&() { return *value; }
protected:
type *value = nullptr;
const type_info *typeinfo = nullptr;
object temp;
};
#define TYPE_CASTER(type, py_name) \
protected: \
type value; \
public: \
static std::string name() { return py_name; } \
static PyObject *cast(const type *src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) { \
return cast(*src, policy, parent); \
} \
operator type*() { return &value; } \
operator type&() { return value; } \
#define TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(type, py_type, from_type, to_pytype) \
template <> class type_caster<type> { \
public: \
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) { \
value = (type) from_type(src); \
if (value == (type) -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) { \
PyErr_Clear(); \
return false; \
} \
return true; \
} \
static PyObject *cast(type src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) { \
return to_pytype((py_type) src); \
} \
TYPE_CASTER(type, #type); \
};
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(int32_t, long, PyLong_AsLong, PyLong_FromLong)
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(uint32_t, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong, PyLong_FromUnsignedLong)
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(int64_t, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong, PyLong_FromLongLong)
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(uint64_t, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong, PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong)
#if defined(__APPLE__) // size_t/ssize_t are separate types on Mac OS X
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(ssize_t, Py_ssize_t, PyLong_AsSsize_t, PyLong_FromSsize_t)
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(size_t, size_t, PyLong_AsSize_t, PyLong_FromSize_t)
#endif
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(float, float, PyFloat_AsDouble, PyFloat_FromDouble)
TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER(double, double, PyFloat_AsDouble, PyFloat_FromDouble)
template <> class type_caster<mpl::detail::void_type> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *, bool) { return true; }
static PyObject *cast(mpl::detail::void_type, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
Py_INCREF(Py_None);
return Py_None;
}
TYPE_CASTER(mpl::detail::void_type, "None");
};
template <> class type_caster<bool> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) {
if (src == Py_True) { value = true; return true; }
else if (src == Py_False) { value = false; return true; }
else return false;
}
static PyObject *cast(bool src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
PyObject *result = src ? Py_True : Py_False;
Py_INCREF(result);
return result;
}
TYPE_CASTER(bool, "bool");
};
template <> class type_caster<std::string> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) {
const char *ptr = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(src);
if (!ptr) { PyErr_Clear(); return false; }
value = std::string(ptr);
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const std::string &src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
return PyUnicode_FromString(src.c_str());
}
TYPE_CASTER(std::string, "str");
};
#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
template <> class type_caster<std::wstring> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) {
const wchar_t *ptr = PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(src, nullptr);
if (!ptr) { PyErr_Clear(); return false; }
value = std::wstring(ptr);
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const std::wstring &src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
return PyUnicode_FromWideChar(src.c_str(), src.length());
}
TYPE_CASTER(std::wstring, "wstr");
};
#endif
template <> class type_caster<char> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) {
char *ptr = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(src);
if (!ptr) { PyErr_Clear(); return false; }
value = ptr;
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const char *src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
return PyUnicode_FromString(src);
}
static PyObject *cast(char src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
char str[2] = { src, '\0' };
return PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(str, 1, nullptr);
}
static std::string name() { return "str"; }
operator char*() { return value; }
operator char() { return *value; }
protected:
char *value;
};
template <typename Value> struct type_caster<std::vector<Value>> {
typedef std::vector<Value> type;
typedef type_caster<Value> value_conv;
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
if (!PyList_Check(src))
return false;
size_t size = (size_t) PyList_GET_SIZE(src);
value.reserve(size);
value.clear();
for (size_t i=0; i<size; ++i) {
value_conv conv;
if (!conv.load(PyList_GetItem(src, (ssize_t) i), convert))
return false;
value.push_back((Value) conv);
}
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
PyObject *list = PyList_New(src.size());
size_t index = 0;
for (auto const &value: src) {
PyObject *value_ = value_conv::cast(value, policy, parent);
if (!value_) {
Py_DECREF(list);
return nullptr;
}
PyList_SetItem(list, index++, value_);
}
return list;
}
TYPE_CASTER(type, "list<" + value_conv::name() + ">");
};
template <typename Key, typename Value> struct type_caster<std::map<Key, Value>> {
public:
typedef std::map<Key, Value> type;
typedef type_caster<Key> key_conv;
typedef type_caster<Value> value_conv;
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
if (!PyDict_Check(src))
return false;
value.clear();
PyObject *key_, *value_;
ssize_t pos = 0;
key_conv kconv;
value_conv vconv;
while (PyDict_Next(src, &pos, &key_, &value_)) {
if (!kconv.load(key_, convert) || !vconv.load(value_, convert))
return false;
value[kconv] = vconv;
}
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
PyObject *dict = PyDict_New();
for (auto const &kv: src) {
PyObject *key = key_conv::cast(kv.first, policy, parent);
PyObject *value = value_conv::cast(kv.second, policy, parent);
if (!key || !value || PyDict_SetItem(dict, key, value) < 0) {
Py_XDECREF(key);
Py_XDECREF(value);
Py_DECREF(dict);
return nullptr;
}
Py_DECREF(key);
Py_DECREF(value);
}
return dict;
}
TYPE_CASTER(type, "dict<" + key_conv::name() + ", " + value_conv::name() + ">");
};
template <typename T1, typename T2> class type_caster<std::pair<T1, T2>> {
typedef std::pair<T1, T2> type;
public:
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
if (!PyTuple_Check(src) || PyTuple_Size(src) != 2)
return false;
if (!first.load(PyTuple_GetItem(src, 0), convert))
return false;
return second.load(PyTuple_GetItem(src, 1), convert);
}
static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
PyObject *o1 = type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T1>::type>::cast(src.first, policy, parent);
PyObject *o2 = type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T2>::type>::cast(src.second, policy, parent);
if (!o1 || !o2) {
Py_XDECREF(o1);
Py_XDECREF(o2);
return nullptr;
}
PyObject *tuple = PyTuple_New(2);
PyTuple_SetItem(tuple, 0, o1);
PyTuple_SetItem(tuple, 1, o2);
return tuple;
}
static std::string name() {
return "(" + type_caster<T1>::name() + ", " + type_caster<T2>::name() + ")";
}
operator type() {
return type(first, second);
}
protected:
type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T1>::type> first;
type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T2>::type> second;
};
template <typename ... Tuple> class type_caster<std::tuple<Tuple...>> {
typedef std::tuple<Tuple...> type;
public:
enum { size = sizeof...(Tuple) };
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
return load(src, convert, typename mpl::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Tuple)>::type());
}
static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent) {
return cast(src, policy, parent, typename mpl::make_index_sequence<size>::type());
}
static std::string name() {
std::array<std::string, size> names {{
type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<Tuple>::type>::name()...
}};
std::string result("(");
int counter = 0;
for (auto const &name : names) {
result += name;
if (++counter < size)
result += ", ";
}
result += ")";
return result;
}
operator type() {
return cast(typename mpl::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Tuple)>::type());
}
protected:
template <size_t ... Index> type cast(mpl::index_sequence<Index...>) {
return type((Tuple) std::get<Index>(value)...);
}
template <size_t ... Indices> bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert, mpl::index_sequence<Indices...>) {
if (!PyTuple_Check(src))
return false;
if (PyTuple_Size(src) != size)
return false;
std::array<bool, size> results {{
std::get<Indices>(value).load(PyTuple_GetItem(src, Indices), convert)...
}};
for (bool r : results)
if (!r)
return false;
return true;
}
/* Implementation: Convert a C++ tuple into a Python tuple */
template <size_t ... Indices> static PyObject *cast(const type &src, return_value_policy policy, PyObject *parent, mpl::index_sequence<Indices...>) {
std::array<PyObject *, size> results {{
type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<Tuple>::type>::cast(std::get<Indices>(src), policy, parent)...
}};
bool success = true;
for (auto result : results)
if (result == nullptr)
success = false;
if (success) {
PyObject *tuple = PyTuple_New(size);
int counter = 0;
for (auto result : results)
PyTuple_SetItem(tuple, counter++, result);
return tuple;
} else {
for (auto result : results) {
Py_XDECREF(result);
}
return nullptr;
}
}
protected:
std::tuple<type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<Tuple>::type>...> value;
};
/// Type caster for holder types like std::shared_ptr, etc.
template <typename type, typename holder_type> class type_caster_holder : public type_caster<type> {
public:
typedef type_caster<type> parent;
bool load(PyObject *src, bool convert) {
if (!parent::load(src, convert))
return false;
holder = holder_type(parent::value);
return true;
}
explicit operator type*() { return this->value; }
explicit operator type&() { return *(this->value); }
explicit operator holder_type&() { return holder; }
explicit operator holder_type*() { return &holder; }
protected:
holder_type holder;
};
template <> class type_caster<handle> {
public:
bool load(PyObject *src) {
value = handle(src);
return true;
}
static PyObject *cast(const handle &src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) {
src.inc_ref();
return (PyObject *) src.ptr();
}
TYPE_CASTER(handle, "handle");
};
#define TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(name) \
template <> class type_caster<name> { \
public: \
bool load(PyObject *src, bool) { value = name(src, true); return true; } \
static PyObject *cast(const name &src, return_value_policy /* policy */, PyObject * /* parent */) { \
src.inc_ref(); return (PyObject *) src.ptr(); \
} \
TYPE_CASTER(name, #name); \
};
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(object)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(buffer)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(capsule)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(dict)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(float_)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(int_)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(list)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(slice)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(tuple)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(function)
TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE(array)
#undef TYPE_CASTER
#undef TYPE_CASTER_PYTYPE
#undef TYPE_CASTER_NUMBER
NAMESPACE_END(detail)
template <typename T> inline T cast(PyObject *object) {
detail::type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T>::type> conv;
if (!conv.load(object, true))
throw cast_error("Unable to cast Python object to C++ type");
return conv;
}
template <typename T> inline object cast(const T &value, return_value_policy policy = return_value_policy::automatic, PyObject *parent = nullptr) {
if (policy == return_value_policy::automatic)
policy = std::is_pointer<T>::value ? return_value_policy::take_ownership : return_value_policy::copy;
return object(detail::type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<T>::type>::cast(value, policy, parent), false);
}
template <typename T> inline T handle::cast() { return pybind::cast<T>(m_ptr); }
template <typename ... Args> inline object handle::call(Args&&... args_) {
const size_t size = sizeof...(Args);
std::array<PyObject *, size> args{
{ detail::type_caster<typename mpl::normalize_type<Args>::type>::cast(
std::forward<Args>(args_), return_value_policy::automatic, nullptr)... }
};
bool fail = false;
for (auto result : args)
if (result == nullptr)
fail = true;
if (fail) {
for (auto result : args) {
Py_XDECREF(result);
}
throw cast_error("handle::call(): unable to convert input arguments to Python objects");
}
PyObject *tuple = PyTuple_New(size);
int counter = 0;
for (auto result : args)
PyTuple_SetItem(tuple, counter++, result);
PyObject *result = PyObject_CallObject(m_ptr, tuple);
Py_DECREF(tuple);
return object(result, false);
}
NAMESPACE_END(pybind)