mirror of https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git
106 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
106 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
# Async data with Nuxt.js
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## data (context)
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> Nuxt.js *supercharges* the `data` method from vue.js to let you handle async operation before setting the component data.
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`data` is called every time before loading the component (*only if attached to a route*). It can be called from the server-side or before navigating to the corresponding route.
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The `data` method receives the context as the first argument, you can use it to fetch some data and return the component data. To make the data method asynchronous, Nuxt.js offers you 2 ways, choose the one you're the most familiar with:
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1. returning a `Promise`, Nuxt.js will wait for the promise to be resolved before rendering the Component
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2. Define a second argument which is a callback method to be called like this: `callback(err, data)`
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Example with returning a `Promise`:
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```js
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export default {
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data ({ params }) {
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return axios.get(`https://my-api/posts/${params.id}`)
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.then((res) => {
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return { title: res.data.title }
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})
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}
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}
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```
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Example with using the `callback` argument:
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```js
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export default {
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data ({ params }, callback) {
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axios.get(`https://my-api/posts/${params.id}`)
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.then((res) => {
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callback(null, { title: res.data.title })
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})
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}
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}
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```
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And then, you can display the data inside your template:
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```html
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<template>
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<h1>{{ title }}</h1>
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</template>
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```
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## Context
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List of all the available keys in `context`:
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| Key | Type | Available | Description |
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|-----|------|--------------|-------------|
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| `isClient` | Boolean | Client & Server | Boolean to let you know if you're actually renderer from the client-side |
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| `isServer` | Boolean | Client & Server | Boolean to let you know if you're actually renderer from the server-side |
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| `isDev` | Boolean | Client & Server | Boolean to let you know if you're in dev mode, can be useful for caching some data in production |
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| `route` | [vue-router route](https://router.vuejs.org/en/api/route-object.html) | Client & Server | `vue-router` route instance [see documentation](https://router.vuejs.org/en/api/route-object.html) |
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| `store` | [vuex store](http://vuex.vuejs.org/en/api.html#vuexstore-instance-properties) | Client & Server | `Vuex.Store` instance. **Available only if `store: true` is set in `nuxt.config.js`** |
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| `params` | Object | Client & Server | Alias of route.params |
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| `query` | Object | Client & Server | Alias of route.query |
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| `req` | [http.Request](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_class_http_incomingmessage) | Server | Request from the node.js server. If nuxt is used as a middleware, the req object might be different depending of the framework you're using. |
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| `res` | [http.Response](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_class_http_serverresponse) | Server | Response from the node.js server. If nuxt is used as a middleware, the res object might be different depending of the framework you're using. |
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| `redirect` | Function | Client & Server | Use this method to redirect the user to another route, the status code is used on the server-side, default to 302. `redirect([status,] path [, query])` |
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| `error` | Function | Client & Server | Use this method to show the error page: `error(params)`. The `params` should have the fields `statusCode` and `message`. |
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## Handling errors
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Nuxt.js add the `error(params)` method in the `context`, you can call it to display the error page. `params.statusCode` will be also used to render the proper status code form the server-side.
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Example with a `Promise`:
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```js
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export default {
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data ({ params, error }) {
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return axios.get(`https://my-api/posts/${params.id}`)
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.then((res) => {
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return { title: res.data.title }
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})
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.catch((e) => {
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error({ statusCode: 404, message: 'Post not found' })
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})
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}
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}
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```
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If you're using the `callback` argument, you can call it directly with the error, Nuxt.js will call the `error` method for you:
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```js
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export default {
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data ({ params }, callback) {
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axios.get(`https://my-api/posts/${params.id}`)
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.then((res) => {
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callback(null, { title: res.data.title })
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})
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.catch((e) => {
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callback({ statusCode: 404, message: 'Post not found' })
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})
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}
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}
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```
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## Demo
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```bash
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npm install
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npm start
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```
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Go to [http://localhost:3000](http://localhost:3000) and navigate trough the app.
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