mirror of
https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt.git
synced 2024-11-27 08:02:01 +00:00
169 lines
5.6 KiB
Markdown
169 lines
5.6 KiB
Markdown
# Migration
|
|
|
|
Nuxt 3 migration guide. Work in progress 🚧
|
|
|
|
## Nuxt 2 to Nuxt 3
|
|
|
|
At the moment, there is no Nuxt 2 to Nuxt 3 migration guide nor is it recommended due to potentially more changes coming.
|
|
We are working to provide a stable migration guide and tooling to make it as smooth as possible. Please check [Bridge](/getting-started/bridge) for the alternative.
|
|
|
|
Some features have been dropped from Nuxt 2, some are yet to be implemented for Nuxt 3 and some are new in Nuxt 3 (and Bridge).
|
|
|
|
Noticeable and/or breaking changes for Nuxt 3 other than the requirements of Nuxt Bridge are:
|
|
|
|
::list{type=warning}
|
|
|
|
- Vue app templates are rewritten
|
|
- Vue upgraded to `3.x`
|
|
- Using `<Suspense>` for async data fetching
|
|
- Webpack `5.x` (if not using `vite`)
|
|
- Components discovery is rewritten
|
|
- Introduced main [`app.vue` component](/docs/directory-structure/app)
|
|
- Introduced new [`layouts` system](/docs/directory-structure/layouts)
|
|
- The [`pages/` directory](/docs/directory-structure/pages) conventions changed
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
In table below there is an overall feature comparison table:
|
|
|
|
Feature / Version | Nuxt 2 | Nuxt 3 | Changes required
|
|
--------------------------|---------|----------|------------------
|
|
Vue Version | 2 | 3 | Yes
|
|
`app.vue` | ❌ | ✅ | -
|
|
Assets | ✅ | ✅ | No
|
|
Components | ✅ | ✅ | No
|
|
Layouts | ✅ | ✅ | Yes
|
|
Error Pages | ✅ | 🚧 | Yes
|
|
Pages | ✅ | ✅ | Yes
|
|
Pages: Dynamic Params | ✅ | ✅ | Yes
|
|
Pages: _.vue | ✅ | ✅ | No
|
|
Plugins | ✅ | ✅ | Yes (compatible by default)
|
|
Store | ✅ | 🚧 | Yes
|
|
Transitions | ✅ | 🚧 | ?
|
|
Suspense | ❌ | ✅ | -
|
|
Options API: `asyncData` | ✅ | 🚧 | ?
|
|
Options API: `fetch` | ✅ | 🚧 | ?
|
|
|
|
### Module Compatibility
|
|
|
|
All Nuxt 2 modules should be forward compatible with Nuxt 3 as long as they migrate to bridge or if they are already following guidelines.
|
|
|
|
All (upcoming) modules made with `@nuxt/kit` should be backward compatible with Nuxt 2 projects (even without bridge) as long as they are not depending on a Nuxt 3 / Bridge-only feature.
|
|
|
|
### Plugin Compatibility
|
|
|
|
Most Nuxt 2 plugins should be forward compatible with Nuxt 3 with a magical compat layer we inject.
|
|
|
|
Nuxt 3 plugins are **not** backward compatible with Nuxt 2.
|
|
|
|
### Vue Compatibility
|
|
|
|
For plugins using composition API or components, it needs exclusive Vue 2 or Vue 3 support.
|
|
|
|
By using [vue-demi](https://github.com/vueuse/vue-demi) they should be compatible with both Nuxt 2 and 3.
|
|
|
|
## Module Migration
|
|
|
|
When Nuxt 3 users add your module, a compatible module container layer from `@nuxt/kit` is **automatically injected**, so as long as your code is following the guidelines below, it should continue working as-is.
|
|
|
|
### Test with `@nuxt/bridge`
|
|
|
|
Migrating to `@nuxt/bridge` is the first and most important step for supporting Nuxt 3.
|
|
|
|
If you have a fixture or example in your module, add `@nuxt/bridge` package to its config (see [example](/getting-started/bridge#update-nuxtconfig))
|
|
|
|
### Avoid CommonJS syntax
|
|
|
|
Nuxt 3 natively supports TypeScript and ECMAScript Modules.
|
|
|
|
#### Update the imports
|
|
|
|
::code-group
|
|
|
|
```js [Before]
|
|
const lib = require('lib')
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```js [After]
|
|
import lib from 'lib'
|
|
// or using code-splitting
|
|
const lib = await import('lib').then(e => e.default || e)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
#### Update the exports
|
|
|
|
::code-group
|
|
|
|
```js [Before]
|
|
module.exports = ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```js [After]
|
|
export default ...
|
|
// or using named export
|
|
export const hello = ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
#### Avoid using specific CJS syntax
|
|
|
|
Avoid the usage of `__dirname` and `__filename` as much as possible.
|
|
|
|
### Ensure plugins default export
|
|
|
|
If you inject a Nuxt plugin that does not have `export default` (such as global Vue plugins), ensure you add `export default () => { }` to the end of it.
|
|
|
|
::code-group
|
|
|
|
```js [Before]
|
|
// ~/plugins/vuelidate.js
|
|
import Vue from 'vue'
|
|
import Vuelidate from 'vuelidate'
|
|
|
|
Vue.use(Vuelidate)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```js [After]
|
|
// ~/plugins/vuelidate.js
|
|
import Vue from 'vue'
|
|
import Vuelidate from 'vuelidate'
|
|
|
|
Vue.use(Vuelidate)
|
|
|
|
export default () => { }
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
### Avoid runtime modules
|
|
|
|
With Nuxt 3, Nuxt is now a build-time-only dependency, which means that modules shouldn't attempt to hook into the Nuxt runtime.
|
|
|
|
Your module needs should work even if it's only added to [`buildModules`](/docs/directory-structure/nuxt.config#buildmodules) (instead of `modules`). For example:
|
|
|
|
- Avoid updating `process.env` within a Nuxt module and reading by a nuxt plugin; use [`runtimeConfig`](/docs/directory-structure/nuxt.config#publicruntimeconfig) instead.
|
|
- (*) Avoid depending on runtime hooks like `vue-renderer:*` for production
|
|
- (*) Avoid adding `serverMiddleware` by importing them inside module. Instead, add them by referencing a file path so that they are independent of module context
|
|
|
|
(*) Unless it is for `nuxt dev` purpose only and guarded with `if (nuxt.options.dev) { }`.
|
|
|
|
### Add module meta
|
|
|
|
Ensure your module is exporting meta object.
|
|
|
|
\[TODO\]
|
|
|
|
### Use TypeScript (optional)
|
|
|
|
While it is not essential, most of the Nuxt ecosystem is shifting to use TypeScript, so it is highly recommended to consider migration.
|
|
|
|
::alert{icon=💡}
|
|
You can start migration by simply renaming `.js` files, to `.ts`. TypeScript is designed to be progressive!
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
::alert{icon=💡}
|
|
You can use TypeScript syntax for Nuxt 2 and 3 modules and plugins without any extra dependencies.
|
|
::
|