pybind11/docs/cmake.rst

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.. _cmake:
Building with CMake
===================
The following snippet should be a good starting point to create bindings across
platforms. It assumes that the code is located in a file named :file:`example.cpp`,
and that the pybind11 repository is located in a subdirectory named :file:`pybind11`.
.. code-block:: cmake
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project(example)
# Add a CMake parameter for choosing a desired Python version
set(EXAMPLE_PYTHON_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Python version to use for compiling the example library")
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include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
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# Set a default build configuration if none is specified. 'MinSizeRel' produces the smallest binaries
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE AND NOT CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES)
message(STATUS "Setting build type to 'MinSizeRel' as none was specified.")
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MinSizeRel CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build." FORCE)
set_property(CACHE CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS "Debug" "Release"
"MinSizeRel" "RelWithDebInfo")
endif()
string(TOUPPER "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" U_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
# Try to autodetect Python (can be overridden manually if needed)
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set(Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7)
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if (NOT ${EXAMPLE_PYTHON_VERSION} STREQUAL "")
find_package(PythonLibs ${EXAMPLE_PYTHON_VERSION} EXACT)
if (NOT PythonLibs_FOUND)
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find_package(PythonLibs ${EXAMPLE_PYTHON_VERSION} REQUIRED)
endif()
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else()
find_package(PythonLibs REQUIRED)
endif()
# The above sometimes returns version numbers like "3.4.3+"; the "+" must be removed for the next lines to work
string(REPLACE "+" "" PYTHONLIBS_VERSION_STRING "+${PYTHONLIBS_VERSION_STRING}")
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# Uncomment the following line if you will also require a matching Python interpreter
# find_package(PythonInterp ${PYTHONLIBS_VERSION_STRING} EXACT REQUIRED)
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if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang" OR CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "GNU")
CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-std=c++14" HAS_CPP14_FLAG)
CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-std=c++11" HAS_CPP11_FLAG)
if (HAS_CPP14_FLAG)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++14")
elseif (HAS_CPP11_FLAG)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")
else()
message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported compiler -- at least C++11 support is needed!")
endif()
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# Enable link time optimization and set the default symbol
# visibility to hidden (very important to obtain small binaries)
if (NOT ${U_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES DEBUG)
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# Default symbol visibility
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fvisibility=hidden")
# Check for Link Time Optimization support
CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-flto" HAS_LTO_FLAG)
if (HAS_LTO_FLAG)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -flto")
endif()
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endif()
endif()
# Include path for Python header files
include_directories(${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR})
# Include path for pybind11 header files -- this may need to be changed depending on your setup
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/pybind11/include)
# Create the binding library
add_library(example SHARED
example.cpp
# ... extra files go here ...
)
# Don't add a 'lib' prefix to the shared library
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES PREFIX "")
if (WIN32)
if (MSVC)
# /bigobj is needed for bigger binding projects due to the limit to 64k
# addressable sections. /MP enables multithreaded builds (relevant when
# there are many files).
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "/MP /bigobj ")
if (NOT ${U_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES DEBUG)
# Enforce size-based optimization and link time code generation on MSVC
# (~30% smaller binaries in experiments).
set_target_properties(example APPEND_STRING PROPERTY COMPILE_FLAGS "/Os /GL ")
set_target_properties(example APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS "/LTCG ")
endif()
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endif()
# .PYD file extension on Windows
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES SUFFIX ".pyd")
# Link against the Python shared library
target_link_libraries(example ${PYTHON_LIBRARY})
elseif (UNIX)
# It's quite common to have multiple copies of the same Python version
# installed on one's system. E.g.: one copy from the OS and another copy
# that's statically linked into an application like Blender or Maya.
# If we link our plugin library against the OS Python here and import it
# into Blender or Maya later on, this will cause segfaults when multiple
# conflicting Python instances are active at the same time (even when they
# are of the same version).
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# Windows is not affected by this issue since it handles DLL imports
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# differently. The solution for Linux and Mac OS is simple: we just don't
# link against the Python library. The resulting shared library will have
# missing symbols, but that's perfectly fine -- they will be resolved at
# import time.
# .SO file extension on Linux/Mac OS
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES SUFFIX ".so")
# Strip unnecessary sections of the binary on Linux/Mac OS
if(APPLE)
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES MACOSX_RPATH ".")
set_target_properties(example PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-undefined dynamic_lookup ")
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if (NOT ${U_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES DEBUG)
add_custom_command(TARGET example POST_BUILD COMMAND strip -u -r ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/example.so)
endif()
else()
if (NOT ${U_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES DEBUG)
add_custom_command(TARGET example POST_BUILD COMMAND strip ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/example.so)
endif()
endif()
endif()